The abampere (abA), also called the biot (Bi) after

Jean-Baptiste Biot Jean-Baptiste Biot (; ; 21 April 1774 – 3 February 1862) was a French physicist, astronomer, and mathematician who co-discovered the Biot–Savart law of magnetostatics with Félix Savart, established the reality of meteorites, made an early ba ...

, is the

derived Derive may refer to: * Derive (computer algebra system), a commercial system made by Texas Instruments * ''Dérive'' (magazine), an Austrian science magazine on urbanism *Dérive, a psychogeographical concept See also * *Derivation (disambiguatio ...

electromagnetic In physics, electromagnetism is an interaction that occurs between particles with electric charge. It is the second-strongest of the four fundamental interactions, after the strong force, and it is the dominant force in the interactions of a ...

unit Unit may refer to: Arts and entertainment * UNIT, a fictional military organization in the science fiction television series ''Doctor Who'' * Unit of action, a discrete piece of action (or beat) in a theatrical presentation Music * ''Unit'' (alb ...

electric current An electric current is a stream of charged particles, such as electrons or ions, moving through an electrical conductor or space. It is measured as the net rate of flow of electric charge through a surface or into a control volume. The moving pa ...

in the emu-cgs system of units (electromagnetic cgs). One abampere corresponds to ten

ampere The ampere (, ; symbol: A), often shortened to amp,SI supports only the use of symbols and deprecates the use of abbreviations for units. is the unit of electric current in the International System of Units (SI). One ampere is equal to elect ...

s in the SI system of units. An abampere of current in a circular path of one

centimeter 330px, Different lengths as in respect to the Electromagnetic spectrum, measured by the Metre and its deriveds scales. The Microwave are in-between 1 meter to 1 millimeter. A centimetre (international spelling) or centimeter (American spellin ...

radius produces a

magnetic field A magnetic field is a vector field that describes the magnetic influence on moving electric charges, electric currents, and magnetic materials. A moving charge in a magnetic field experiences a force perpendicular to its own velocity and to ...

of 2π

oersted The oersted (symbol Oe) is the coherent derived unit of the auxiliary magnetic field H in the centimetre–gram–second system of units (CGS). It is equivalent to 1 dyne per maxwell. Difference between CGS and SI systems In the CGS system, ...

s at the center of the circle. The name abampere was introduced by Kennelly in 1903 as a short name for the long name ''(absolute) electromagnetic cgs unit of current'' that was in use since the adoption of the cgs system in 1875.A.E. Kennelly (1903
"Magnetic units and other subjects that might occupy attention at the next international electrical congress"
''20th Annual Convention of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, 1903'' The abampere was

coherent Coherence, coherency, or coherent may refer to the following: Physics * Coherence (physics), an ideal property of waves that enables stationary (i.e. temporally and spatially constant) interference * Coherence (units of measurement), a deri ...

with the emu-cgs system, in contrast to the ampere, the practical unit of current that had been adopted too in 1875. The emu-cgs (or "electromagnetic cgs") units are one of several systems of electromagnetic units within the

centimetre–gram–second system of units The centimetre–gram–second system of units (abbreviated CGS or cgs) is a variant of the metric system based on the centimetre as the unit of length, the gram as the unit of mass, and the second as the unit of time. All CGS mechanical units a ...

; others include esu-cgs,

Gaussian units Gaussian units constitute a metric system of physical units. This system is the most common of the several electromagnetic unit systems based on cgs (centimetre–gram–second) units. It is also called the Gaussian unit system, Gaussian-cgs unit ...

, and

Heaviside–Lorentz units Heaviside–Lorentz units (or Lorentz–Heaviside units) constitute a system of units (particularly electromagnetic units) within CGS, named for Hendrik Antoon Lorentz and Oliver Heaviside. They share with CGS-Gaussian units the property that th ...

. In these other systems, the abampere is ''not'' one of the units; the "

statcoulomb The franklin (Fr) or statcoulomb (statC) electrostatic unit of charge (esu) is the physical unit for electrical charge used in the cgs-esu and Gaussian units. It is a derived unit given by : 1 statC = 1 dyn1/2⋅cm = 1 cm3/2⋅g1/2⋅s−1. That ...

per second" or ''statampere'' is used instead. The other units in this system related to the abampere are: *

abcoulomb The abcoulomb (abC or aC) or electromagnetic unit of charge (emu of charge) is the derived physical unit of electric charge in the cgs-emu system of units. One abcoulomb is equal to ten coulombs. The name "abcoulomb" was introduced by Kennelly ...

– the

charge Charge or charged may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Films * '' Charge, Zero Emissions/Maximum Speed'', a 2011 documentary Music * ''Charge'' (David Ford album) * ''Charge'' (Machel Montano album) * ''Charge!!'', an album by The Aqu ...

that passes in one second through any cross section of a conductor carrying a steady current of one abampere *

abhenry The abhenry is the CGS (centimetre–gram–second) electromagnetic unit of inductance, corresponding to one billionth of a henry Henry may refer to: People *Henry (given name) * Henry (surname) * Henry Lau, Canadian singer and musician who p ...

– the self-

inductance Inductance is the tendency of an electrical conductor to oppose a change in the electric current flowing through it. The flow of electric current creates a magnetic field around the conductor. The field strength depends on the magnitude of the ...

of a circuit or the mutual inductance of two circuits in which the variation of current at the rate of one abampere per second results in an induced electromotive force of one abvolt *

abohm The abohm is the derived unit of electrical resistance in the emu-cgs ''(centimeter-gram-second)'' system of units (emu stands for "electromagnetic units"). One abohm corresponds to 10−9 ohms in the SI system of units, which is a nanoohm. ...

– the resistance of a conductor that, with a constant current of one abampere through it, maintains between its terminals a potential difference of one abvolt

Notes

References

{{CGS units Units of electric current Centimetre–gram–second system of units