![Anciens Etabl](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Anciens_Etabl._Billard_%26_Cie_1928.jpg)
Établissements Billard was a French railway
rolling stock
The term rolling stock in the rail transport industry refers to railway vehicles, including both powered and unpowered vehicles: for example, locomotives, freight and passenger cars (or coaches), and non-revenue cars. Passenger vehicles can b ...
construction company founded in 1920 and based in
Tours
Tours ( , ) is one of the largest cities in the region of Centre-Val de Loire, France. It is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Departments of France, department of Indre-et-Loire. The Communes of France, commune of Tours had 136,463 ...
. It specialised in light
railbus
A railbus is a lightweight passenger railcar that shares many aspects of its construction with a bus, typically having a bus (original or modified) body and four wheels on a fixed base, instead of on bogies. Originally designed and developed d ...
es and
metre gauge and
narrow gauge
A narrow-gauge railway (narrow-gauge railroad in the US) is a railway with a track gauge narrower than standard . Most narrow-gauge railways are between and .
Since narrow-gauge railways are usually built with tighter curves, smaller structu ...
rolling stock. The business ceased trading in 1956 and later became
Socofer.
Production
Draisines
*
Draisine
A draisine () is a light auxiliary rail vehicle, driven by service personnel, equipped to transport crew and material necessary for the maintenance of railway infrastructure.
The eponymous term is derived from the German inventor Baron Karl ...
s : These worked on different
VFILs, and for the "Big Companies" which became the
SNCF
The Société nationale des chemins de fer français (; abbreviated as SNCF ; French for "National society of French railroads") is France's national state-owned railway company. Founded in 1938, it operates the country's national rail traffi ...
.
Locomotives
![SNCF 7148 Strasbourg](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/SNCF_7148_Strasbourg.JPG)
* T50
* T75D
* T75P
* T75G
These were designed for the
French Military Railway. They were used, among other things, to service the
Maginot Line
The Maginot Line (french: Ligne Maginot, ), named after the French Minister of War André Maginot, is a line of concrete fortifications, obstacles and weapon installations built by France in the 1930s to deter invasion by Germany and force the ...
.
*
SNCF Class Y 7100
Railbuses
Railbus
A railbus is a lightweight passenger railcar that shares many aspects of its construction with a bus, typically having a bus (original or modified) body and four wheels on a fixed base, instead of on bogies. Originally designed and developed d ...
es for numerous French
VFIPs (secondary railways)
* Type A 80D,
* Type A 135D,
* Type A 150D,
* Type A 210D,
* Networks of the
Compagnie des chemins de fer départementaux, including:
**
Corse
Corsica ( , Upper , Southern ; it, Corsica; ; french: Corse ; lij, Còrsega; sc, Còssiga) is an island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the Regions of France, 18 regions of France. It is the fourth-largest island in the Mediterranean and ...
,
**
Vivarais
Vivarais (; oc, Vivarés; la, Vivariensis provincia{{cite web , url=http://www.columbia.edu/acis/ets/Graesse/orblatv.html , title = ORBIS LATINUS - Letter V) is a traditional region in the south-east of France, covering the ''département'' of ...
,
** Indre et Loire,
**
Seine-et-Marne
Seine-et-Marne () is a Departments of France, department in the Île-de-France Regions of France, region in Northern France. Named after the rivers Seine and Marne (river), Marne, it is the region's largest department with an area of 5,915 square ...
*
Tramways d'Ille-et-Vilaine Company
* Overseas networks:
** Madagascar
** Réunion
* French West Africa:
**
Dakar Niger
** Dahomey
* Ethiopia:
**
Chemin de fer Franco-éthiopien received in 1964 two automotive cars of , for the Djibouti – Addis-Abeba line
Several European networks
![Diakofto](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/Diakofto.jpg)
* In Greece
* In Spain
** A
Micheline was built in the 1930s for the PO
** Three buses with bogies on a wide chassis worked on the
Nord-Est.
** A series of railbuses with two axles were built for the CFD and the SNCF in 1949 and 1950
** A series of FNC railbuses were deployed by the SNCF
The solidity of the stock, and the simplicity of construction, means that many Billard engines are still working today.
Preserved Billard rolling stock
;Locomotives
type T 50
type T 75, in several variants (with the series prototype, and some military examples) on the
Tacot des Lacs
The Tramway at Bourron (French language, French ''Réseau des Sablières de Bourron au Canal du Loing'') was a long gauge railway that ran from the sand pits at Bourron-Marlotte via the Bourron-Marlotte – Grez station, Bourron-Marlotte – Gre ...
, at the
Train Touristique de Saint Trojan and later at
APPEVA.
type T 100,
;Railcars
Meter gauge
type A 150D
* X153, Portes les Valence (bespoke).
type A 150D
* 212,
Chemins de Fer de Provence
* 213,
Chemin de fer du Vivarais
The Chemin de fer du Vivarais (CFV) - often called ''Le Mastrou'' or ''Train de l'Ardèche'' - is a tourist railway in the Ardèche region of the South of France. The metre gauge line is long. The railway is renowned for its historical steam lo ...
* 214,
Chemin de fer du Vivarais
The Chemin de fer du Vivarais (CFV) - often called ''Le Mastrou'' or ''Train de l'Ardèche'' - is a tourist railway in the Ardèche region of the South of France. The metre gauge line is long. The railway is renowned for its historical steam lo ...
.
type A 80D
* 313,
Voies Ferrées du Velay
* 314,
Chemin de fer du Vivarais
The Chemin de fer du Vivarais (CFV) - often called ''Le Mastrou'' or ''Train de l'Ardèche'' - is a tourist railway in the Ardèche region of the South of France. The metre gauge line is long. The railway is renowned for its historical steam lo ...
* 315
Voies Ferrées du Velay
* 316
Chemin de fer du Vivarais
The Chemin de fer du Vivarais (CFV) - often called ''Le Mastrou'' or ''Train de l'Ardèche'' - is a tourist railway in the Ardèche region of the South of France. The metre gauge line is long. The railway is renowned for its historical steam lo ...
* 513
Chemins de fer de Corse
Chemins de fer de la Corse ( co, Camini di Ferru di a Corsica) (CFC) is the name of the regional rail network serving the French island of Corsica. It is centred on the town of Ponte Leccia, from which three main lines radiate to Ajaccio, ...
.
type A 150D2 Articulated
* 222
Voies Ferrées du Velay.
Trailer R 210
* 3,
Chemin de fer du Vivarais
The Chemin de fer du Vivarais (CFV) - often called ''Le Mastrou'' or ''Train de l'Ardèche'' - is a tourist railway in the Ardèche region of the South of France. The metre gauge line is long. The railway is renowned for its historical steam lo ...
* 5,
MTVS ex autorail AM 20 des TIV
* 7,
Voies Ferrées du Velay
* 11,
Chemin de fer du Vivarais
The Chemin de fer du Vivarais (CFV) - often called ''Le Mastrou'' or ''Train de l'Ardèche'' - is a tourist railway in the Ardèche region of the South of France. The metre gauge line is long. The railway is renowned for its historical steam lo ...
* 22,
Chemin de fer du Vivarais
The Chemin de fer du Vivarais (CFV) - often called ''Le Mastrou'' or ''Train de l'Ardèche'' - is a tourist railway in the Ardèche region of the South of France. The metre gauge line is long. The railway is renowned for its historical steam lo ...
Standard gauge type A 75D
* X901, Tourist railway of La Sarthe, originally Chemin de fer Mamers-Saint Calais
* X903,
Trains à vapeur de Touraine with a trailing car
Rebuilt and modernised vehicles
![CP fourgon-messagerie](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/CP_fourgon-messagerie.jpg)
* XR 1331 (
Chemins de Fer de Provence), ex RL1, originally CP, rebuilt Garnero
* XRD 1333 (
Chemins de Fer de Provence), ex RL3, originally CP, rebuilt original mail van
* XRD 1337 (
Chemins de Fer de Provence), ex RL7, originally CFD Vivarais 33, rebuilt Garnero, mail van
* XR 113 (
Chemins de fer de Corse
Chemins de fer de la Corse ( co, Camini di Ferru di a Corsica) (CFC) is the name of the regional rail network serving the French island of Corsica. It is centred on the town of Ponte Leccia, from which three main lines radiate to Ajaccio, ...
) ex autorail A 150 D1, N°113, rebuilt Carde
* XR 104 (
Chemins de fer de Corse
Chemins de fer de la Corse ( co, Camini di Ferru di a Corsica) (CFC) is the name of the regional rail network serving the French island of Corsica. It is centred on the town of Ponte Leccia, from which three main lines radiate to Ajaccio, ...
) ex autorail A 210 D1, N°105, rebuilt Garnero, previously with CP
* XR 105 (
Chemins de fer de Corse
Chemins de fer de la Corse ( co, Camini di Ferru di a Corsica) (CFC) is the name of the regional rail network serving the French island of Corsica. It is centred on the town of Ponte Leccia, from which three main lines radiate to Ajaccio, ...
) ex autorail A 210 D1, N°106, rebuilt Garnero, previously with CP
* XRD 242 (
Chemins de fer de Corse
Chemins de fer de la Corse ( co, Camini di Ferru di a Corsica) (CFC) is the name of the regional rail network serving the French island of Corsica. It is centred on the town of Ponte Leccia, from which three main lines radiate to Ajaccio, ...
) ex autorail A 80 D, N°32, originally CFD Charentes
* XR 526 (
Chemins de fer de Corse
Chemins de fer de la Corse ( co, Camini di Ferru di a Corsica) (CFC) is the name of the regional rail network serving the French island of Corsica. It is centred on the town of Ponte Leccia, from which three main lines radiate to Ajaccio, ...
) ex autorail A 150 D2, N°526, originally Tramways d'Ille-et-Vilaine
Gallery
File:Autorail Billard 212 des CP - Juillet 1983-8.jpg, Railbus n° 212 ( metre gauge) of the Chemins de Fer de Provence line at the Nice
Nice ( , ; Niçard: , classical norm, or , nonstandard, ; it, Nizza ; lij, Nissa; grc, Νίκαια; la, Nicaea) is the prefecture of the Alpes-Maritimes department in France. The Nice agglomeration extends far beyond the administrative c ...
terminus, July 1983.
File:DraisineBillard1.jpg, Billard Draisine
A draisine () is a light auxiliary rail vehicle, driven by service personnel, equipped to transport crew and material necessary for the maintenance of railway infrastructure.
The eponymous term is derived from the German inventor Baron Karl ...
, preserved at the Belgian "Dendermonde - Puurs"
File:Locotracteur Billard T75G No232.JPG, Locomotive type T75G N°232 preserved at the APPEVA museum (Chemin de fer de la Haute Somme), narrow gauge
A narrow-gauge railway (narrow-gauge railroad in the US) is a railway with a track gauge narrower than standard . Most narrow-gauge railways are between and .
Since narrow-gauge railways are usually built with tighter curves, smaller structu ...
of
File:Billard P1010399.JPG, Railcar 214 preserved by the Chemin de fer du Vivarais
The Chemin de fer du Vivarais (CFV) - often called ''Le Mastrou'' or ''Train de l'Ardèche'' - is a tourist railway in the Ardèche region of the South of France. The metre gauge line is long. The railway is renowned for its historical steam lo ...
, typical of many French secondary railways
File:Korsikabahn Diskussion08.jpg, Trailing car XRD 242 from the Chemins de Fer Corse.
Notes
Sources
*
See also
*
Chemin de fer du Vivarais
The Chemin de fer du Vivarais (CFV) - often called ''Le Mastrou'' or ''Train de l'Ardèche'' - is a tourist railway in the Ardèche region of the South of France. The metre gauge line is long. The railway is renowned for its historical steam lo ...
*
Locomotive
A locomotive or engine is a rail transport vehicle that provides the Power (physics), motive power for a train. If a locomotive is capable of carrying a payload, it is usually rather referred to as a multiple unit, Motor coach (rail), motor ...
*
Metre gauge
*
Railcar
A railcar (not to be confused with a railway car) is a self-propelled railway vehicle designed to transport passengers. The term "railcar" is usually used in reference to a train consisting of a single coach (carriage, car), with a drive ...
*
Socofer
References
External links
Billard railcar A80D N°313 from Dunières-Saint-Agrève
{{DEFAULTSORT:Billard, Etablissements
Defunct rolling stock manufacturers of France