Bihać ( cyrl, Бихаћ) is a city and the administrative centre of
Una-Sana Canton
The Una-Sana Canton (Serbian and / Унско-сански кантон; ) is one of the ten cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina entity within Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is located in the northwest of the country and has been ...
of the
Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is one of the two Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina, entities within the State of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the other being Republika Srpska. The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina consists ...
, an entity of
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often known informally as Bosnia, is a country at the crossroads of south and southeast Europe, located in the Balkans. Bosnia and H ...
. It is situated on the banks of river
Una
Una and UNA may refer to:
Places
* 160 Una, the asteroid "Una", an asteroid named after the Faerie Queene character
* Una River (disambiguation), numerous rivers
* Una, Himachal Pradesh, a town in India
** Una, Himachal Pradesh Assembly constit ...
in northwestern
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often known informally as Bosnia, is a country at the crossroads of south and southeast Europe, located in the Balkans. Bosnia and H ...
, in the
Bosanska Krajina
Bosanska Krajina ( sr-cyrl, Босанска Крајина, ) is a geographical region, a subregion of Bosnia, in western Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is enclosed by a number of rivers, namely the Sava (north), Glina (northwest), Vrbanja and Vrba ...
region. In 2013 its population was 56,261.
Settlements
*
Bajrići
*
Brekovica
Brekovica ( sr-cyrl, Брековица) is a village in the municipality of Bihać
Bihać ( cyrl, Бихаћ) is a city and the administrative centre of Una-Sana Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzeg ...
*
Bugar
*
Ćukovi
Ćukovi (Serbian Cyrillic: Ћукови) is a village in the municipality of Bihać, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Demographics
According to the 2013 census, its population was 221.
See also
* Kulen Vakuf massacre
The Kulen Vakuf massacre was c ...
*
Doljani
*
Donja Gata
Donja Gata ( sr-cyrl, Доња Гата) is a small village in the municipality of Bihać
Bihać ( cyrl, Бихаћ) is a city and the administrative centre of Una-Sana Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and ...
*
Dubovsko
*
Gorjevac
Gorjevac ( sr-cyrl, Горјевац) is a village in the Municipalities of Bosnia and Herzegovina, municipality of Bihać, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Demographics
According to the 2013 census, its population was four, all Serbs of Bosnia and Herze ...
*
Grabež
*
Grmuša
*
Hrgar
*
Izačić
*
Jezero
*
Kalati
Kalati ( sr-cyrl, Калати) is a village in the municipality of Bihać, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Demographics
According to the 2013 census, its population was one, down from 52 in 1991.
See also
* Kulen Vakuf massacre
The Kulen Vakuf ma ...
*
Kulen Vakuf
Kulen Vakuf (Serbian Cyrillic: Кулен Вакуф) is a village in the Municipalities of Bosnia and Herzegovina, municipality of Bihać, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Kulen Vakuf was the birthplace of Bosnian Ottoman nobleman Mehmed-beg Kulenović.
...
*
Lohovo
Lohovo (Serbian Cyrillic: Лохово) is a village in the municipality
A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional law ...
*
Lohovska Brda
*
Mala Peća
Mala Peća ( sr-cyrl, Мала Пећа) is a village in the municipality of Bihać, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often known informally a ...
*
Mali Skočaj
*
Međudražje
*
Muslići
*
Ostrovica
*
Papari
*
Praščijak
*
Pritoka
*
Račić
*
Rajinovci
*
Ripač
Ripač ( sr-cyrl, Рипач) is a village in the municipality of Bihać, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Ripač is the location of a border crossing with Croatia
, image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg
, image_coat = Coat of arms ...
*
Spahići
*
Srbljani
*
Velika Gata
*
Veliki Skočaj
*
Veliki Stjenjani
Veliki Stjenjani ( sr-cyrl, Велики Стјењани) is a village in the municipality of Bihać, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often ...
*
Vikići
*
Vrsta
Vrsta ( sr-cyrl, Врста) is a village in the Municipalities of Bosnia and Herzegovina, municipality of Bihać, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Demographics
According to the 2013 census, its population was 458.
References
Populated places ...
*
Zavalje i Zlopoljac
Zavalje ( sr-cyrl, Заваље) is a village in the Municipalities of Bosnia and Herzegovina, municipality of Bihać, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Before World War I, Zavalje was part of the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia of Austria-Hungary. It became pa ...
History
According to documents and historical sources, the first medieval urban settlements and towns around the
Una river, began to appear in the middle of the 13th century. Bihać, as the centre of , was first mentioned on 26 February 1260, in the charter of Hungarian King
Bela IV
Bela may refer to:
Places Asia
*Bela Pratapgarh, a town in Pratapgarh District, Uttar Pradesh, India
*Bela, a small village near Bhandara, Maharashtra, India
*Bela, another name for the biblical city Zoara
* Bela, Dang, in Nepal
* Bela, Janakpur ...
, and was described as a town built on the river's Island of St. Ladislav, owned by the
Benedictine
, image = Medalla San Benito.PNG
, caption = Design on the obverse side of the Saint Benedict Medal
, abbreviation = OSB
, formation =
, motto = (English: 'Pray and Work')
, foun ...
abbey of
Topusko
Topusko is a municipality in Sisak-Moslavina County, Croatia. Topusko is an underdeveloped municipality which is statistically classified as the First Category Area of Special State Concern by the Government of Croatia.
Demographics
The populati ...
. Just two years later, in 1262, Bela proclaimed Bihać a ''
royal free city
Royal free city or free royal city (Latin: libera regia civitas) was the official term for the most important cities in the Kingdom of Hungary from the late 12th centuryBácskai Vera – Nagy Lajos: Piackörzetek, piacközpontok és városok Magy ...
'' and placed it under the direct authority of the Hungarian throne, with all rights and privileges pertaining thereto, which ensured its ability to develop completely independent from the political powers of local lords.
The following mention in the charter of 1271 confirms that Bihać at that time enjoyed the status of a ''free city''. At the head of the municipality was the town elder or ''major villae'', who was often called a judge, and whose decision could only be changed by the king. Bihać also had a ''
curia
Curia (Latin plural curiae) in ancient Rome referred to one of the original groupings of the citizenry, eventually numbering 30, and later every Roman citizen was presumed to belong to one. While they originally likely had wider powers, they came ...
'' or ''
magistrates
The term magistrate is used in a variety of systems of governments and laws to refer to a civilian officer who administers the law. In ancient Rome, a '' magistratus'' was one of the highest ranking government officers, and possessed both judici ...
'', an assembly of local citizens who took the oath of office for this duty, and notaries who kept court and other civil records.
In 1530 Austrian committee provided troops to defend seven key strongholds in Croatia, one of them was Bihać and another the nearby Ripač. The Ottomans occupied Bihać in 1592 after a
siege
A siege is a military blockade of a city, or fortress, with the intent of conquering by attrition warfare, attrition, or a well-prepared assault. This derives from la, sedere, lit=to sit. Siege warfare is a form of constant, low-intensity con ...
and from that time Bihać was the most important forts in Bosnia until the 19th century.
Ottoman rule was briefly interrupted by
Auguste Marmont, general-governor of
Illyrian Provinces
The Illyrian Provinces sl, Ilirske province hr, Ilirske provincije sr, Илирске провинције it, Province illirichegerman: Illyrische Provinzen, group=note were an Autonomous administrative division, autonomous province of France d ...
on 5 May 1810. He sought to prevent Ottomans from raiding French Croatia and finishing the Ottoman occupation of
Cetin. After fulfilling these goals, he withdrew from Bihac. Ottoman rule in Bihac ended ''de facto'' after the
Congress of Berlin
The Congress of Berlin (13 June – 13 July 1878) was a diplomatic conference to reorganise the states in the Balkan Peninsula after the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78, which had been won by Russia against the Ottoman Empire. Represented at th ...
.
During
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
, the town was occupied by
Axis
An axis (plural ''axes'') is an imaginary line around which an object rotates or is symmetrical. Axis may also refer to:
Mathematics
* Axis of rotation: see rotation around a fixed axis
* Axis (mathematics), a designator for a Cartesian-coordinat ...
troops and was included into the
Pavelić's Independent State of Croatia
The Independent State of Croatia ( sh, Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, NDH; german: Unabhängiger Staat Kroatien; it, Stato indipendente di Croazia) was a World War II-era puppet state of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy (1922–1943), Fascist It ...
(NDH). The fascist
Ustashe regime committed the
Genocide of the Serbs and
the Holocaust
The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe; a ...
. From July to September 1941, some 15,000 Serbs were massacred along with some Jews and Roma victims at the
Garavice, an extermination location near Bihać. The town was the capital of a short-lived territory, the
Bihać Republic, for two months in late 1942 and early 1943, until it was recaptured by German forces. Bihać returned to Bosnian territory on March 28, 1945.
Bihać was
besieged
Besieged may refer to:
* the state of being under siege
* ''Besieged'' (film), a 1998 film by Bernardo Bertolucci
{{disambiguation ...
for three years from 1992 to 1995 during the
Bosnian War
The Bosnian War ( sh, Rat u Bosni i Hercegovini / Рат у Босни и Херцеговини) was an international armed conflict that took place in Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1992 and 1995. The war is commonly seen as having started ...
.
Pecat i grb Bihaca iz XIV st.jpg, The Seal and Armorial Bearings of Bihać town from the 14th century.
The siege of Bihać in 1592.jpg, Siege of Bihać
The siege of Bihać was a three-year-long siege of the northwestern Bosnian town of Bihać by the Army of the Republika Srpska, the Army of the Republic of Serbian Krajina and Bosniak dissenters led by the Bosniak politician Fikret Abdić d ...
in 1592
Bihac 1686.jpg, Bihac fortress (''Wihitsch''), 1686
Bihac_kavana_paviljon.png, Coffee pavilion in Bihac, ca. 1900
Bihac_Orthodox_Church_and_Medresa.jpg, Bihac Orthodox Church and Medresa, ca. 1910
Domky v Bihaći.jpg, Rural houses in Bihac, ca. 1930
Partisans in Bihać 1942.jpg, Partisans in Bihać, 1942
First session of the AVNOJ in Bihać.jpg, First session of the AVNOJ in Bihać, 1942
Demographics
![Bihac_Inner_City](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Biha%C4%87_%E2%80%93_Inner_City.jpg)
According to the
2013 census, the city of Bihać has a population of 56,261 inhabitants.
Ethnic groups
The ethnic composition of the municipality:
Religion
Majority religion in Bihać city is
Islam
Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism#Islam, monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God in Islam, God (or ...
followed by
Catholic
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
and then
Orthodox
Orthodox, Orthodoxy, or Orthodoxism may refer to:
Religion
* Orthodoxy, adherence to accepted norms, more specifically adherence to creeds, especially within Christianity and Judaism, but also less commonly in non-Abrahamic religions like Neo-pa ...
.
Geography
Climate
Economy
The agricultural sector is significant, due to the large and fertile soil.
Notable people
*
Mehmed Alajbegović
Mehmed Alajbegović (7 May 1906 – 7 June 1947) was a Bosnian Muslim politician, lawyer and a government minister of the Independent State of Croatia, an Axis puppet state. He was executed for war crimes by Yugoslav authorities following t ...
, politician and lawyer
*
Mersada Bećirspahić
Mersada Bećirspahić (born 8 December 1957) is a former basketball player who competed for Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia (; sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Jugoslavija, Југославија ; sl, Jugoslavija ; mk, Југославија ;; ...
, basketball player
*
Christopher Corvinus
Christopher Corvinus or Christopher Hunyadi (8 August 1499 in Bihać – 17 March, 1505) Prince of Hungary and the last male member of the Hungarian Royal House of Hunyadi.
Life
His father was John Corvinus, an illegitimate son of King Matthias ...
(Christopher Hunyadi, 1499–1505), Prince of Hungary and the last male member of the Hungarian Royal House of Hunyadi
*
Zlatko Dedić, Slovenian footballer
*
Ferid Džanić
Ferid Džanić (1918 – 17 September 1943) was a Bosniak soldier during World War II. A member of the SS ''Handschar'' Division, he was one of the leaders of an unsuccessful anti-German mutiny in Villefranche-de-Rouergue, in which he was kille ...
, World War II Axis soldier (SS Handschar Division)
*
Nihad Hasanović
Nihad Hasanović is a Bosnian writer and translator born in Bihać (Yugoslavia, now northwestern Bosnia and Herzegovina) in 1974.
His published works include the plays ''Podigni visoko baklju'' (''Raise high your torch'', 1996) and ''Zaista?'' ( ...
, writer and translator
*
Alen Islamović
Alija "Alen" Islamović (; born 17 August 1957) is a Bosnian rock vocalist. He is best known as the lead singer of Bosnian and Yugoslav rock bands Divlje jagode from 1979 to 1986 and Bijelo Dugme from 1986 to 1989.
Born Alija Islamović in Bih ...
, singer, lead vocalist of the bands
Divlje Jagode and
Bijelo Dugme
Bijelo Dugme (trans. ''White Button'') was a Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Yugoslav rock music, rock band, formed in Sarajevo, Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, SR Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1974. Bijelo Dugme is widely co ...
*
Azra Kolaković, singer
*
Zele Lipovača, musician, leading member of
Divlje Jagode
*
Irfan Ljubijankić
Irfan Ljubijankić (26 November 1952 – 28 May 1995) was a Bosnian facial surgeon, classical music composer, politician and diplomat. He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina from 30 October 1993 until ...
, facial surgeon, classical music composer, politician and diplomat of Bosnia and Herzegovina
*
Dejan Matić
Dejan Matić ( sr-cyr, Дејан Матић; born 26 April 1978) is a Serbian pop folk singer from Bosnia and Herzegovina. He is the twin brother of Saša Matić, also a popular singer.
Early life
Dejan Matić was born in Bihać, Bosnia and Herz ...
, singer
*
Saša Matić
Aleksandar Matić ( sr-cyr, Александар Матић; born 26 April 1978), better known as Saša Matić is a Bosnian Serb pop-folk singer.
Life and career Early life
Matić was born on 26 April 1978 in Bihać, SFR Yugoslavia. He has a twi ...
, pop singer
*
Džanan Musa
Džanan Musa (, born 8 May 1999) is a Bosnian professional basketball player for Real Madrid Baloncesto, Real Madrid of the Spanish Liga ACB and the EuroLeague. Standing at and weighing , Musa plays at the small forward position. He was selected ...
, basketball player, European U16 champion
*
Milan Muškatirović, water polo goalkeeper and professor of
organic chemistry
Organic chemistry is a subdiscipline within chemistry involving the scientific study of the structure, properties, and reactions of organic compounds and organic materials, i.e., matter in its various forms that contain carbon atoms.Clayden, J.; ...
*
Saša Radulović
Saša Radulović ( sr-Cyrl, Саша Радуловић, or ; born 7 June 1965) is a Serbian engineer, economist and politician. He is a former Minister of Economy of SerbiaBiografije novih ministara. Време. 5. септембар 2013. a ...
, Serbian engineer, politician and former Minister of Economy
*
Branka Raunig, archaeologist and museum curator
*Dr.
Amra Šabić-El-Rayess, professor and author
*
Faruk Šehić Faruk Šehić (born 1970) is a Bosnian poet, novelist and short story writer. He was born in Bihać and grew up in Bosanska Krupa. He studied veterinary medicine in Zagreb until the outbreak of the Bosnian war in which he was an active combatant. ...
, poet
*
Amir Smajić, folk singer
*
Borislav Stanković
),Boris (Борис)
, image = Borislav Bora Stanković.jpg
, imagesize =
, caption =
, order = 2nd
, office = Secretary General of FIBA
, term_start = 1 January 1976
, ter ...
, Serbian basketball player, coach and secretary General of
FIBA
The International Basketball Federation (FIBA ; French: ) is an association of national organizations which governs the sport of basketball worldwide. Originally known as the (hence FIBA), in 1989 it dropped the word ''amateur'' from its na ...
Twin towns – sister cities
Bihać is
twinned with:
*
Bondeno
Bondeno ( Bondenese: ) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Ferrara in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about north of Bologna and about northwest of Ferrara.
The municipality of Bondeno contains the ''frazioni'' (subdivi ...
, Italy
*
Kikinda
Kikinda ( sr-Cyrl, Кикинда, ; hu, Nagykikinda) is a city and the administrative center of the North Banat District in Serbia . The city urban area has 38,069 inhabitants, while the city administrative area has 59,453 inhabitants.
The c ...
, Serbia
*
Kuşadası
Kuşadası () is a large resort town on Turkey's Aegean Sea, Aegean coast, and the center of the seaside district of the same name within Aydın Province. Kuşadası is south of İzmir, and about from Aydın. The municipality's primary industry ...
, Turkey
*
Nagykanizsa
Nagykanizsa (; hr, Velika Kaniža/Velika Kanjiža, or just ''Kaniža/Kanjiža''; german: Großkirchen, Groß-Kanizsa; it, Canissa; sl, Velika Kaniža; tr, Kanije), known colloquially as Kanizsa, is a medium-sized city in Zala County in southw ...
, Hungary
*
Novo Mesto
Novo Mesto (; sl, Novo mesto; also known by other alternative names) is a city on a bend of the Krka River in the City Municipality of Novo Mesto in southeastern Slovenia, close to the border with Croatia. The town is traditionally considered t ...
, Slovenia
*
Reșița
Reșița (; german: link=no, Reschitz; hu, Resicabánya; hr, Ričica; cz, Rešice; sr, Решица/Rešica; tr, Reşçe) is a city in western Romania and the capital of Caraș-Severin County. It is located in the Banat region. The city had ...
, Romania
*
Villefranche-de-Rouergue
Villefranche-de-Rouergue (; oc, Vilafranca de Roergue ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France. Villefranche-de-Rouergue station has rail connections to Toulouse, Figeac and Aurillac.
History
At the end of the Albigens ...
, France
*
Dunaharaszti
Dunaharaszti (german: Harast) is a town in Pest County, Budapest metropolitan area, Hungary. It has a population of around 20,000 people.
Twin towns – sister cities
Dunaharaszti is twinned with:
* Altdorf bei Nürnberg, Germany
Sport
*Dunah ...
, Hungary
See also
*
Fethija mosque
*
Siege of Bihać
The siege of Bihać was a three-year-long siege of the northwestern Bosnian town of Bihać by the Army of the Republika Srpska, the Army of the Republic of Serbian Krajina and Bosniak dissenters led by the Bosniak politician Fikret Abdić d ...
*
University of Bihać
The University of Bihać ( Bosnian: ''Univerzitet u Bihaću'') is a public university located in Bihać, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was established on 28 July 1997.
History
The origins of higher education in this region go back to en earlier date ...
, opened in 1997
*
NK Jedinstvo Bihać
Nogometni klub Jedinstvo Bihać is a professional association football club based in the city of Bihać, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The club's stadium is called Pod Borićima Stadion and it has capacity for 7,500 spectators. The fans of NK Jedinstv ...
, local soccer club
*
Željava Air Base
Željava Air Base, situated on the border between Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina under the Plješevica mountain, near the city of Bihać, Bosnia, was the largest underground airport and military air base in Yugoslavia, and one of the largest ...
*
Bihać Republic
*
Una National Park
Una National Park ( sh-Cyrl-Latn, Национални парк Уна, Nacionalni park Una) was established on 29 May 2008 around the rivers Upper Una River, Krka and the Unac. It is Bosnia and Herzegovina's largest national park. The main p ...
*
Bihać Oblast
Notes
*Official results from the book: Ethnic composition of Bosnia-Herzegovina population, by municipalities and settlements, 1991. census, Zavod za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine - Bilten no.234, Sarajevo 1991.
References
External links
Official city presentationPreminger Brewery
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bihac
Populated places in Bihać
Bosnia and Herzegovina–Croatia border crossings
Cities and towns in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina