Bihari Literature
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Bihar has produced a number of poets and writers in its languages like
Bhojpuri Bhojpuri (;Bhojpuri entry, Oxford Dictionaries
, Oxford U ...
Maithili language Maithili () is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in parts of Languages of India, India and Languages of Nepal, Nepal. It is native to the Mithila region, which encompasses parts of the Indian states of Bihar and Jharkhand as well as Nepal's easte ...
, Magahi language, Angika and
Bajjika Bajjika is an Indo-Aryan language variety spoken in parts of eastern India and Nepal. It is closely related to Maithili (of which it is often considered a dialect). Territory and speakers Bajjika is spoken in the north-western part of Bihar, ...
including Bhikhari Thakur,
Heera Dom Heera Dom was a Bhojpuri poet who contributed to Dalit Literature. He is credited with creating the first poem about the Dalits. The poem was Acchut Kee Shiqayat, which was printed in the "Saraswati" published in Allahabad in 1914. Life He ...
,
Viveki Rai Viveki Rai (19 November 1924 – 22 November 2016) was an Indian writer who penned over fifty books. He was a famous literary figure of Hindi and Bhojpuri literature. He belonged to Bhumihar Brahmin community of Sonwani village in Ghazipur. He ...
,Satishwar Sahay Verma, Pandey Kapil etc are writers of Bhojpuri,
Vidyapati Vidyapati ( – 1460), also known by the sobriquet ''Maithil Kavi Kokil'' (the poet cuckoo of Maithili), was a Maithili and Sanskrit polymath-poet-saint, playwright, composer, biographer, philosopher, law-theorist, writer, courtier and ...
in Maithili. Besides its regional languages, Bihar has also produced writers in English such as
Raj Kamal Jha Raj Kamal Jha (born 1966) is an Indian newspaper editor and novelist writing in English. He currently serves as the Editor-in-Chief of ''The Indian Express''. He has written five novels that have been translated into more than 12 languages. His ...
,
Amitava Kumar Amitava Kumar (born 17 March 1963) is an Indian writer and journalist who is Professor of English on the Helen D. Lockwood Chair at Vassar College. Early life Kumar was born in the city of Arrah in the Indian state of Bihar on 17 March 1963. He ...
, Tabish Khair, Gunjesh Bond, Abhay K,
Kumar Vikram A coin, around 200 Yaudheyas.html" ;"title="BCE, of the Yaudheyas">BCE, of the Yaudheyas with depiction of Kumāra Karttikeya Kumar (; Sanskrit language, Sanskrit: wikt:कुमार, कुमार ''kumārá'') is a title, given name, m ...
, Siddhartha Chowdhury; and Hindi including Raja Radhika Raman Prasad Sinha, Kumar vansi, Acharya Ramlochan Saran,
Acharya Shivpujan Sahay Acharya Shivpujan Sahay (9 August 1893 – 21 January 1963) was a noted Hindi and Bhojpuri novelist, editor and prose writer. He contributed in pioneering modern trends in, as well as in fiction. His texts ''"Mata ka Anchal"'' also printed in ...
, Divakar Prasad Vidyarthy,
Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar' Ramdhari Singh (23 September 1908 – 24 April 1974), known by his pen name Dinkar, was an Indian Hindi and Maithili language poet, essayist, freedom fighter, patriot and academic. He emerged as a poet of rebellion as a consequence of his ...
,
Ram Briksh Benipuri Ramavriksha Benipuri (, 23 December 1899 – 9 September 1968) was a freedom fighter, Socialist Leader editor and Hindi writer. He was born in a small village named Benipur in Muzaffarpur district in a Bhumihar Brahmin family in the Indian sta ...
, Phanishwar Nath 'Renu', Gopal Singh "Nepali",
Ramesh Chandra Jha Ramesh Chandra Jha (8 May 1928 – 7 April 1994) was an Indian poet, novelist and freedom fighter. Son of a senior gandhian and freedom fighter Lakshmi Narayan Jha, who was offered to become the first chief minister of Bihar but refused as he ...
and Baba
Nagarjun Vaidyanath Mishra (30 June 1911 – 5 November 1998), better known by his pen name Nagarjun, was a Hindi and Maithili poet who has also penned a number of novels, short stories, literary biographies and travelogues, and was known as ''Janakav ...
. Writer and
Buddhist Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and ...
scholar
Mahapandit Rahul Sankrityayan Rahul Sankrityayan (born Kedarnath Pandey; 9 April 1893 – 14 April 1963) was an Indian writer and a polyglot who wrote in Hindi. He played a pivotal role in giving travelogue a 'literary form'. He was one of the most widely travelled scholars ...
was born in
Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh (; , 'Northern Province') is a state in northern India. With over 200 million inhabitants, it is the most populated state in India as well as the most populous country subdivision in the world. It was established in 1950 ...
but spent his life in the land of
Buddha Siddhartha Gautama, most commonly referred to as the Buddha, was a śramaṇa, wandering ascetic and religious teacher who lived in South Asia during the 6th or 5th century BCE and founded Buddhism. According to Buddhist tradition, he was ...
, i.e., Bihar. Hrishikesh Sulabh is a short story writer, playwright and theatre critic. Arun Kamal and Aalok Dhanwa are poets.


Languages


Magadhi

*Surendra Prasad 'Tarun' *Mathura Prasad 'Navin' *Shesh Anand Madhukar *R. Ishari 'Arshad'


Bhojpuri

Bhikhari Thakur was a
Bhojpuri Bhojpuri (;Bhojpuri entry, Oxford Dictionaries
, Oxford U ...
writer who has written several plays, poems and essays on social issues like women empowerment, poverty, migration, caste system etc.
Bidesiya Bidesiya may refer to: * Bidesiya (play), a 1912 play by Bhikhari Thakur * Bidesiya (film) ''Bidesiya'' is a Bhojpuri film based on the Play of same name written by Bhikhari Thakur. The film was released in 1963 and was directed by S. N. Tri ...
and Gabarghichor are one of the most famous plays written by him.
Heera Dom Heera Dom was a Bhojpuri poet who contributed to Dalit Literature. He is credited with creating the first poem about the Dalits. The poem was Acchut Kee Shiqayat, which was printed in the "Saraswati" published in Allahabad in 1914. Life He ...
, a Bhojpuri poet is credited for creating first poem on dalits. Rameshwar Singh Kashyap wrote the famous play Loha Singh.
Raghuveer Narayan Raghuveer Narayan (31 October 1884 – 1 January 1955) or Raghubir Narayan was a Bhojpuri and English poet and a freedom fighter. His Bhojpuri poem ''Batohiya'' gained popularity equivalent to Vande Mataram and is considered as National Song o ...
wrote the famous poem '' Batohiya''.


Maithiili

* Vidyapati Thakur is the most renowned poet of Maithili. (c. 14–15th century). * Usha Kiran Khan is a renowned Maithili writer.


Hindi

*
Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar' Ramdhari Singh (23 September 1908 – 24 April 1974), known by his pen name Dinkar, was an Indian Hindi and Maithili language poet, essayist, freedom fighter, patriot and academic. He emerged as a poet of rebellion as a consequence of his ...
*
Ram Briksh Benipuri Ramavriksha Benipuri (, 23 December 1899 – 9 September 1968) was a freedom fighter, Socialist Leader editor and Hindi writer. He was born in a small village named Benipur in Muzaffarpur district in a Bhumihar Brahmin family in the Indian sta ...
* Phanishwar Nath 'Renu' * Gopal Singh "Nepali" *
Ramesh Chandra Jha Ramesh Chandra Jha (8 May 1928 – 7 April 1994) was an Indian poet, novelist and freedom fighter. Son of a senior gandhian and freedom fighter Lakshmi Narayan Jha, who was offered to become the first chief minister of Bihar but refused as he ...
* Baba
Nagarjun Vaidyanath Mishra (30 June 1911 – 5 November 1998), better known by his pen name Nagarjun, was a Hindi and Maithili poet who has also penned a number of novels, short stories, literary biographies and travelogues, and was known as ''Janakav ...
* Raja Radhika Raman Prasad Sinha *Kumar vansi * Acharya Ramlochan Saran *
Acharya Shivpujan Sahay Acharya Shivpujan Sahay (9 August 1893 – 21 January 1963) was a noted Hindi and Bhojpuri novelist, editor and prose writer. He contributed in pioneering modern trends in, as well as in fiction. His texts ''"Mata ka Anchal"'' also printed in ...
*Divakar Prasad Vidyarthy * Hrishikesh Sulabh is a short story writer, playwright and theatre critic. *
Anamika (poet) Anamika (born 17 August 1961) is a contemporary Indian poet, social worker and novelist writing in Hindi, and a critic writing in English. ''My Typewriter Is My Piano'' is her collection of poems translated into English. She is known for her femi ...
* Arun Kamal * Aalok Dhanwa * Savita Singh * Neelakshi Singh *
Nagarjun Vaidyanath Mishra (30 June 1911 – 5 November 1998), better known by his pen name Nagarjun, was a Hindi and Maithili poet who has also penned a number of novels, short stories, literary biographies and travelogues, and was known as ''Janakav ...


Urdu

Different regional languages also have produced some prominent poets and authors.Sheen Muzaffarpuri is famous urdu writer Or Jurnalist Of Bihar.
Raza Naqvi Wahi Raza Naqvi Wahi (born Syed Mohammad Raza Naqvi; 19 January 1914 – 5 January 2002) was an Indian Urdu-language poet during his time. He used the ''takhallus'' (pen name) of Wahi. Creative Journey And Evolution * The creation of first Shair ...
was the preeminent
India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
n
Urdu Urdu (;"Urdu"
''
poet A poet is a person who studies and creates poetry. Poets may describe themselves as such or be described as such by others. A poet may simply be the creator ( thinker, songwriter, writer, or author) who creates (composes) poems (oral or writte ...
during his time, was born in Khujwan, Siwan, Bihar, and wrote many
Urdu Poetry Urdu poetry ( ur, ) is a tradition of poetry and has many different forms. Today, it is an important part of the cultures of South Asia. According to Naseer Turabi there are five major poets of Urdu which are Mir Taqi Mir (d.1810), Mirza Ghalib ...
and also awarded as
Ghalib Mirza Beg Asadullah Khan (Urdu, fa, مرزا بیگ اسد اللہ خان; 27 December 1797 – 15 February 1869) also known as Mirza Ghalib (Urdu, fa}) was an Urdu and Persian language, Persian shayar (poet), poet of the 19th century Mughal Em ...
Award.


English

* Abhay K- poet, editor, translator and Ambassador, born in Nalanda district of Bihar. He has penned a memoir and nine collections of poetry. He is the first Indian poet to be invited at the Library of Congress to record his poems. *
Amitava Kumar Amitava Kumar (born 17 March 1963) is an Indian writer and journalist who is Professor of English on the Helen D. Lockwood Chair at Vassar College. Early life Kumar was born in the city of Arrah in the Indian state of Bihar on 17 March 1963. He ...
- author, journalist, and professor of English at
Vassar College Vassar College ( ) is a private liberal arts college in Poughkeepsie, New York, United States. Founded in 1861 by Matthew Vassar, it was the second degree-granting institution of higher education for women in the United States, closely follo ...
. He was born in Arrah district in Bihar. Author of ''Husband of a Fanatic'', ''Bombay-London-New York'', and ''Passport Photos'' *
Raj Kamal Jha Raj Kamal Jha (born 1966) is an Indian newspaper editor and novelist writing in English. He currently serves as the Editor-in-Chief of ''The Indian Express''. He has written five novels that have been translated into more than 12 languages. His ...
- novelist and news editor. His five novels have been translated into several languages. * Siddhartha Chowdhury " Patna Roughcut", Diksha at St. Martin's, Day Scholar, Patna Manual of Style, Ritwik & Hriday * Tabish Khair - poet and novelist, born in Gaya district of Bihar *
R. K. Sinha Radha Krishna Sinha (1 January 1917 – 27 August 2003) was an Indian scholar of English literature. He came from a family of elite intellectuals and academics. He was a Doctor of Philosophy, DPhil from the University of Oxford and the head of ...
- died in 2003. He was born in Munger district of Bihar. He was a gold medalist for his master of arts degree. He was awarded a D Phil from Oxford University in 1950 *
Satyapal Chandra Satyapal Chandra is an Indian author and entrepreneur. He is founder of MagTapp Technologies. He has penned novels of various genres. Early life and education He hails from a remote village, Malhari, situated in the Gaya district of Bihar. He ...
has broken traditional stereotype in English literature by writing a number of English bestsellers of various genres *Uday Sahay "Making News, Media in Contemporary India (edited)" published by Oxford University Press, "Delhi, India in One City" published by Academic Foundation, and "Raj Bhavan of the Rising Arunachal Pradesh" published by SAUV Publication *Kunal Bhardwaj - Best selling author of English fiction “Love was Never Mine”. Probably the first English fiction author from the younger generation of Siwan. He was ranked as one of the top 5 romance novel debut author by Rediff.com. *
Kumar Vikram A coin, around 200 Yaudheyas.html" ;"title="BCE, of the Yaudheyas">BCE, of the Yaudheyas with depiction of Kumāra Karttikeya Kumar (; Sanskrit language, Sanskrit: wikt:कुमार, कुमार ''kumārá'') is a title, given name, m ...
—author of three books, poet and a book diplomat. His latest work is a collection of essays titled “”Men’s Lib and Other Literary, Cultural and Personal Essays (2023). Born at Samastipur and brought up at Muzaffarpur, he has traveled all over the world and participated in various literary and publishing events at Frankfurt, Paris, London, Guadalajara (Mexico), Seoul, Beijing etc.


Women Writers

* Rasheed-Un-Nisa - First Women Novelist of Bihar who does not have named as an Author in the book. She was the writer of book, Islaah-Un-Nisa in Urdu language. *
Anamika (poet) Anamika (born 17 August 1961) is a contemporary Indian poet, social worker and novelist writing in Hindi, and a critic writing in English. ''My Typewriter Is My Piano'' is her collection of poems translated into English. She is known for her femi ...
- Poet, author of several poetry collections *
Nikita Singh Nikita Singh (born 6 October 1991) is an Indian writer. She has written twelve books including ''The Reason is You'', ''Every Time It Rains'', ''Like a Love Song'', ''The Promise'' and ''After All This Time''. She has also edited and contribute ...
*Manna Bahadur ''The Dance of Death'' published by Penguin India March 2012 *Mallika Nawal ''The Eleventh Commandment - An Introduction to Religio-Marketing'' and ''Religictionary - The A-Z of Religion'' are international books. Her ''Business Communication'', published by
Cengage Learning Cengage Group is an American educational content, technology, and services company for the higher education, K-12, professional, and library markets. It operates in more than 20 countries around the world.(Jun 27, 2014Global Publishing Leaders ...
is a leading management textbook that is prescribed at several universities including Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad. Her debut novel ''I'm a Woman & I'm on SALE'' was released on 16 December 2013 and has been dedicated to
Nirbhaya The 2012 Delhi gang rape and murder, commonly known as the Nirbhaya case, involved a rape and fatal assault that occurred on 16 December 2012 in Munirka, a neighbourhood in South West Delhi. The incident took place when Jyoti Singh, a 22-year ...
.


Writers Born in Bihar

Sharat Chandra Chattopadhyay Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay, alternatively spelt as Sarat Chandra Chatterjee ( bn, শরৎচন্দ্র চট্টোপাধ্যায়; 15 September 1876 or ৩১ শে ভাদ্র ১২৮৩ বঙ্গাব্দ ...
, writer in
Bengali Bengali or Bengalee, or Bengalese may refer to: *something of, from, or related to Bengal, a large region in South Asia * Bengalis, an ethnic and linguistic group of the region * Bengali language, the language they speak ** Bengali alphabet, the w ...
, resided for some time in Bihar. Indian writer in English
Upamanyu Chatterjee Upamanyu Chatterjee (born 1959) is an author and a retired Indian civil servant. His works include the novel '' English, August: An Indian story'', '' The Last Burden'', '' The Mammaries of the Welfare State'' and ''Weight Loss''. In 2008, he was ...
also hails from Patna in Bihar. Devaki Nandan Khatri, who at the beginning of the 20th century wrote novels including '' Chandrakanta'' and ''Chandrakanta Santati'', was born in
Muzaffarpur Muzaffarpur () is a city located in Muzaffarpur district in the Tirhut region of the Indian state of Bihar. It serves as the headquarters of the Tirhut division, the Muzaffarpur district and the Muzaffarpur Railway District. It is the fourth m ...
, Bihar. Thriller writer Gunjesh Bond was born in Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar. Writer and
Buddhist Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and ...
scholar
Mahapandit Rahul Sankrityayan Rahul Sankrityayan (born Kedarnath Pandey; 9 April 1893 – 14 April 1963) was an Indian writer and a polyglot who wrote in Hindi. He played a pivotal role in giving travelogue a 'literary form'. He was one of the most widely travelled scholars ...
was born in
Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh (; , 'Northern Province') is a state in northern India. With over 200 million inhabitants, it is the most populated state in India as well as the most populous country subdivision in the world. It was established in 1950 ...
but spent his life in the land of
Buddha Siddhartha Gautama, most commonly referred to as the Buddha, was a śramaṇa, wandering ascetic and religious teacher who lived in South Asia during the 6th or 5th century BCE and founded Buddhism. According to Buddhist tradition, he was ...
, i.e., Bihar. well known writer
George Orwell Eric Arthur Blair (25 June 1903 – 21 January 1950), better known by his pen name George Orwell, was an English novelist, essayist, journalist, and critic. His work is characterised by lucid prose, social criticism, opposition to totalitar ...
was also born in Bihar.


References

{{reflist Culture of Bihar Indian literature by ethnic background