The Bihar Police Department is the law enforcement agency for the state of

Bihar Bihar (; ) is a state in eastern India. It is the 2nd largest state by population in 2019, 12th largest by area of , and 14th largest by GDP in 2021. Bihar borders Uttar Pradesh to its west, Nepal to the north, the northern part of West Be ...

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...

, with its headquarters in

Patna Patna ( ), historically known as Pataliputra, is the capital and largest city of the state of Bihar in India. According to the United Nations, as of 2018, Patna had a population of 2.35 million, making it the 19th largest city in India. ...

. It has a sanctioned strength of 111,000 personnel, and as of 2017, employs 77,000 personnel. The annual Budgeted Estimate (BE) for Bihar Police for the year 2020-21 is , of which has been allocated to Police Modernization. The present DGP of Bihar Police is R. S. Bhatti, an IPS officer of 1990 batch.

History

There is historical evidence of the adoption of intensive policing practices in the Magadh empire more than 2,000 years ago, where the head of police was known as Dandapala. His main role was to maintain law and order in the society while implementing harsh injunctions of ''

Arthashastra The ''Arthashastra'' ( sa, अर्थशास्त्रम्, ) is an Ancient Indian Sanskrit treatise on statecraft, political science, economic policy and military strategy. Kautilya, also identified as Vishnugupta and Chanakya, is ...

'' to collect taxes and suppress rebellions. Modern policing in Bihar started in 1862 under the provisions of the ''

Indian Police Act 1861 Indian or Indians may refer to: Peoples South Asia * Indian people, people of Indian nationality, or people who have an Indian ancestor ** Non-resident Indian, a citizen of India who has temporarily emigrated to another country * South Asia ...

''. After Bihar was carved out as an independent province in 1912 from Bengal, the basic structure of Police was created as it exists today. It's major reorganization Several pre-eminent police officers adorned pre-independent Bihar Police Force. These include Mr. Walter Swain of Swain Beat system fame, Shri AK Sinha, the first Indian to become an IGP of any province, Shri BN Mullick, the second director of the Intelligence Bureau (IB), Khan Bahadur Azizul Haque, credited with the primary development of the famous ‘ 1024 pigeon holes’ cabinet system eventually named after his supervisor, Sir Edward Richard Henry. Post independence, Bihar Police led innovative policing measures, such as the creation of a Police Welfare fund, Police Hospitals and Police Information Room (PIR) in 1952. Bihar Policemen's Association, which looks after the interests of policemen, was one of the first police welfare associations in all of India in 1967. A Police Commission was also set up in 1958, whose mandate was to bring the police closer to the people.

Patna Police ''Patna Police'' (Hindi: पटना पुलिस) is the police service responsible for law enforcement within Patna district, including the capital city of Patna in an Indian state of Bihar. Patna Police is the largest police service in th ...

got its new headquarter Sardar Patel Bhavan, Bailey Road in 2018. The seven storied building with a helipad at the top is spread over almost 53,000 sqft area. Prior to this, police headquarter of Bihar Police was located at the old secretariat building since 1917.

Organizational structure

Bihar Police comes under the direct control of the Department of Home Affairs,

Government of Bihar The Government of Bihar, known locally as the State Government, is the supreme governing authority of the Indian state of Bihar and its 9 divisions which consist of 38 districts . It consists of an executive, led by the Governor of Bihar, a jud ...

. It has six divisions under the organizational structure, namely, Human Resource Development and Training Division (TRG), Law & Order Division (L & O), Establishment and Legal Division, Personnel and Welfare Division, Headquarter (DGP Office) and Budget Division (HQRT), and Modernization, Crime Records and Provision Division (SCRB &Mod). These are headed by four Additional Director General (ADGP), where ADGP (HQRT) has an additional charge of Welfare division, and ADGP (L & O) with that of Establishment and Legal Division. The Training division is headed by DGP (Training), while the latter five are headed by Director General (DGP). For geographic workload distribution, the state is divided into 12 ranges, each range consisting of three to six districts. The central range (Patna and Nalanda), Gaya range (Gaya, Aurangabad, Nawada, Jehanabad and Arwal), Tirhut range (Muzaffarpur, Vaishali, Sheohar and Sitamarhi), Mithila range (Darbhanga, Madhubani and Samsatipur), and Purnia range (Purnia, Kishanganj, Katihar and Araria) are headed by IG rank officers, while other ranges are headed by DIG rank officers. Each district is commanded by a Superintendent of Police (SP), where as Patna is under a Senior Superintendent of Police. Earlier, the state also had a zonal division into four police zones. Introduced in 1982, each zone consisted of two to four ranges, and was headed by an IG level officer. This system was abolished in 2019, and only rail police zone continues to exist.

Hierarchy

Officers * Director General of Police (DGP) * Additional Director General of Police (ADGP) * Inspector General of Police (IG) * Deputy Inspector General of Police (DIG) * Senior Superintendent of Police (SSP) * Superintendent of Police (SP) * Additional Superintendent of Police (ASP) * Assistant Superintendent of Police (ASP) or Deputy Superintendent of Police (DSP) Sub-ordinates * Inspector of Police * Sub-Inspector of Police * Assistant Sub-Inspector of Police * Head Constable * Senior Constable * Constable

Notable Initiatives

Ladli Cops

An initiative in

Community Policing Community policing, or community-oriented policing (COP), is a strategy of policing that focuses on developing relationships with community members. It is a philosophy of full-service policing that is highly personal, where an officer patrols ...

for the safety of Women. The CID Branch of Bihar Police under the Leadership of Alok Raj (IPS) ADG in association with Mr. Roushan Kumar and Dr. Suman Lal founders Ladli Foundation came up with the concept of having Women Community Police to provide a safe and secure atmosphere to the inhabitants. Also to make women become familiar with Police and deeply understand the police system to invoke their taboo to interact with police station/ policemen. For this initiative, volunteer from girls studying in different colleges of Patna were identified and trained. Each of these girls were provided with ID Cards authorised by

Police and are called Ladli Cops.

Equipment

All the equipment of the Bihar Police are manufactured indigenously by the

Indian Ordnance Factories Ordnance Factory Board (OFB), consisting of the Indian Ordnance Factories, now known as Directorate of Ordnance (Coordination & Services) was an organisation, under the Department of Defence Production (DDP) of Ministry of Defence (MoD), Gover ...

controlled by the

Ordnance Factories Board Ordnance Factory Board (OFB), consisting of the Indian Ordnance Factories, now known as Directorate of Ordnance (Coordination & Services) was an organisation, under the Department of Defence Production (DDP) of Ministry of Defence (MoD), Gove ...

, Ministry of Defence, Government of India. * Wooden Baton *

Pistol Auto 9mm 1A The Pistol Auto 9mm 1A, also known as IOF 9mm pistol, is a semi-automatic pistol manufactured by Rifle Factory Ishapore. It's a licensed copy of the Browning Hi-Power, made using tooling acquired from John Inglis and Company. It is the main se ...

* 9mm SAF Carbine 1A1 * 7.62 mm Ishapore 2A1 Rifle * RFI

L1A1 Self-Loading Rifle The L1A1 Self-Loading Rifle, officially "Rifle, 7.62mm, L1A1", also known just as the SLR (Self-Loading Rifle), by the Canadian Army designation C1A1 (C1) or in the US as the "inch pattern" FAL,Especially on the American surplus market. is a Br ...

* AK 47/

AKM The AKM () is an assault rifle designed by Soviet small arms designer Mikhail Kalashnikov in 1959. It is the most ubiquitous rifle of the Kalashnikov rifles. It was developed as a replacement to the AK-47 introduced a decade prior. Introduc ...

INSAS INSAS or Indian Small Arms System is a family of infantry arms consisting of an assault rifle and a light machine gun (LMG). It was designed by the Armament Research and Development Establishment and manufactured by the Ordnance Factories Boa ...

Rifle * Heckler and Koch MP5 (CM Security)

References

{{Law enforcement in India State law enforcement agencies of India 1935 establishments in India Government agencies established in 1935