The Biggin Church Ruins are the ruins of a church in
Berkeley County, South Carolina
Berkeley County is a county in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 229,861. Its county seat is Moncks Corner. After two previous incarnations of Berkeley County, the current county was created in 1882. Be ...
. Biggin Church is its name in the
USGS
The United States Geological Survey (USGS), formerly simply known as the Geological Survey, is a scientific agency of the United States government. The scientists of the USGS study the landscape of the United States, its natural resources, a ...
Geographic Names Information System
The Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) is a database of name and locative information about more than two million physical and cultural features throughout the United States and its territories, Antarctica, and the associated states of ...
.
The ruins are about from
Moncks Corner, South Carolina
Moncks Corner is a town in and the county seat of Berkeley County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 7,885 at the 2010 census. As defined by the U.S. Census Bureau, Moncks Corner is included within the Charleston-North Charleston-S ...
, near the intersection of South Carolina Highway 402 and State Highway 8-376.
The church has been burned three times since it was first constructed in about 1711. It was the church of the parish of St. John's, Berkeley (Strawberry Chapel.) The ruins are from the church built in 1761 and its reconstruction in 1781. It was included in the
National Register of Historic Places
The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the United States federal government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures and objects deemed worthy of preservation for their historical significance or "great artistic v ...
on December 13, 1977.
[
]
UPDATE 11/2019: Biggin Church Ruins remain part of Strawberry Chapel’s land.
History
The site for the church, Biggin Hill, is probably named for Biggin Hill
Biggin Hill is a settlement on the south-eastern outskirts of Greater London, England, within the London Borough of Bromley. Within the boundaries of the historic county of Kent, prior to 1965 it was also in the administrative county of Kent. I ...
in the London Borough of Bromley
The London Borough of Bromley () is the southeasternmost of the London boroughs that make up Greater London, bordering the ceremonial county of Kent, which most of Bromley was part of before 1965. The borough's population is an estimated 332,336 ...
. The Parish of St. John's, Berkeley was created in the South Carolina Assembly Act of 1704 and the Church Act of 1706. St. John's, Berkeley had the largest area of the original ten parishes of the Province. These parishes served both religious and civil functions in the colony. The land for the church was donated by the Landgrave
Landgrave (german: Landgraf, nl, landgraaf, sv, lantgreve, french: landgrave; la, comes magnus, ', ', ', ', ') was a noble title used in the Holy Roman Empire, and later on in its former territories. The German titles of ', ' ("margrave"), a ...
John Colleton
Sir John Colleton, 1st Baronet (1608–1666) served King Charles I of England, Charles I during the English Civil War. He rose through the Royalist ranks during the conflict, but later had his land-holdings seized when the Cavaliers were finally d ...
.
The first church was built around 1711 to replace a wooden building that had been used for religious services. This church burned in a forest fire around 1755.
The church was replaced with a new building in 1761. In this period, parishioners included Henry Laurens
Henry Laurens (December 8, 1792) was an American Founding Father, merchant, slave trader, and rice planter from South Carolina who became a political leader during the Revolutionary War. A delegate to the Second Continental Congress, Laure ...
and William Moultrie
William Moultrie (; November 23, 1730 – September 27, 1805) was an American planter and politician who became a general in the American Revolutionary War. As colonel leading a state militia, in 1776 he prevented the British from taking Charle ...
. During the Revolutionary War, British troops used the church as a depot. As they retreated, the church and stores were burned in 1781.[ The church was rebuilt.]
The church was used up to the Civil War
A civil war or intrastate war is a war between organized groups within the same state (or country).
The aim of one side may be to take control of the country or a region, to achieve independence for a region, or to change government policies ...
. During the war, the furniture was removed and the church building was damaged.[ The church was neglected. Around 1886,] 1890,[ or the 1890s.][ the church was burned in a forest fire. After the fire, its bricks were scavenged for other construction projects.][
]
Architecture
The church was a rectangular brick building about by . It was originally done in English bond
Brickwork is masonry produced by a bricklayer, using bricks and mortar. Typically, rows of bricks called '' courses'' are laid on top of one another to build up a structure such as a brick wall.
Bricks may be differentiated from blocks by si ...
. Currently, only two walls remain. One wall was probably the main entrance. It has a large portal with Gibbs surround
A Gibbs surround or Gibbs Surround is a type of architectural frame surrounding a door, window or niche in the tradition of classical architecture otherwise known as a rusticated doorway or window. The formula is not fixed, but several of the ...
that is flanked by two windows on the left and on the right. The windows are arched with brick voussoir
A voussoir () is a wedge-shaped element, typically a stone, which is used in building an arch or vault.
Although each unit in an arch or vault is a voussoir, two units are of distinct functional importance: the keystone and the springer. The ...
s. The other wall is the end of the church with a door flanked by windows on the left and right. There are quoin
Quoins ( or ) are masonry blocks at the corner of a wall. Some are structural, providing strength for a wall made with inferior stone or rubble, while others merely add aesthetic detail to a corner. According to one 19th century encyclopedia, t ...
s at the corner and a water table
The water table is the upper surface of the zone of saturation. The zone of saturation is where the pores and fractures of the ground are saturated with water. It can also be simply explained as the depth below which the ground is saturated.
T ...
, which is horizontal projecting band, made with rounded bricks near the base of the wall.[
A mural tablet in memory of an early rector of the parish was moved from Biggin Church to its former ]chapel of ease
A chapel of ease (or chapel-of-ease) is a church architecture, church building other than the parish church, built within the bounds of a parish for the attendance of those who cannot reach the parish church conveniently.
Often a chapel of ea ...
, Strawberry Chapel, which is about away.[ The silver Communion service from Biggin Church, which had been hidden at the end of the ]Civil War
A civil war or intrastate war is a war between organized groups within the same state (or country).
The aim of one side may be to take control of the country or a region, to achieve independence for a region, or to change government policies ...
, was found buried in a barn at the Combahee Plantation in 1947. The silver was returned to Strawberry Chapel's vestry and is currently (2019) on display at the Charleston Museum.[
There is a cemetery nearby that is still used.] It includes the grave of Sir John Colleton III, the great grandson of the Lord Proprietor
A lord proprietor is a person granted a royal charter for the establishment and government of an English colony in the 17th century. The plural of the term is "lords proprietors" or "lords proprietary".
Origin
In the beginning of the European ...
.
Additional photographs of the ruins are available.
References
{{National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Historic American Buildings Survey in South Carolina
Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Churches in Berkeley County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Berkeley County, South Carolina