Bibbiena () is a town and ''
comune
The (; plural: ) is a local administrative division of Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality. It is the third-level administrative division of Italy, after regions ('' regioni'') and provinces (''province''). The can also ...
'' in the
province of Arezzo
The province of Arezzo ( it, provincia di Arezzo) is the easternmost province in the Tuscany region of central Italy. Its capital is the city of Arezzo. The province is bordered by the regions of Marche, Emilia-Romagna, Umbria, and the provinces ...
,
Tuscany
Tuscany ( ; it, Toscana ) is a Regions of Italy, region in central Italy with an area of about and a population of about 3.8 million inhabitants. The regional capital is Florence (''Firenze'').
Tuscany is known for its landscapes, history, art ...
(
Italy
Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical re ...
), the largest town in the valley of
Casentino
The Casentino is the valley in which the first tract of the river Arno flows to Subbiano, Italy.
It is one of the four valleys (alongside Valdarno, Valdichiana, and Valtiberina) in which the Province of Arezzo is divided. Mount Falterona, from ...
. It is located from
Florence
Florence ( ; it, Firenze ) is a city in Central Italy and the capital city of the Tuscany region. It is the most populated city in Tuscany, with 383,083 inhabitants in 2016, and over 1,520,000 in its metropolitan area.Bilancio demografico an ...
, from
Arezzo
Arezzo ( , , ) , also ; ett, đđđđđđ, Aritim. is a city and ''comune'' in Italy and the capital of the province of the same name located in Tuscany. Arezzo is about southeast of Florence at an elevation of above sea level. ...
, from
Siena
Siena ( , ; lat, Sena Iulia) is a city in Tuscany, Italy. It is the capital of the province of Siena.
The city is historically linked to commercial and banking activities, having been a major banking center until the 13th and 14th centuri ...
, and from the Sanctuary of
La Verna
La Verna ( la, Alverna is a locality on Mount Penna ( it, Monte Penna), an isolated mountain of situated in the centre of the Tuscan Apennines, rising above the valley of the Casentino, central Italy. The place is known especially for its ass ...
. There are approximately 11,833 inhabitants
The town is on top of a hill at an elevation of .
Physical Geography
The municipality of Bibbiena is located in the heart of the
Casentino
The Casentino is the valley in which the first tract of the river Arno flows to Subbiano, Italy.
It is one of the four valleys (alongside Valdarno, Valdichiana, and Valtiberina) in which the Province of Arezzo is divided. Mount Falterona, from ...
, the valley in which the first stretch of the
Arno
The Arno is a river in the Tuscany region of Italy. It is the most important river of central Italy after the Tiber.
Source and route
The river originates on Monte Falterona in the Casentino area of the Apennines, and initially takes a s ...
river flows which, after having crossed the
Valdarno
The Valdarno is the valley of the river Arno, although this name does not apply to the entire river basin. Usage of the term generally excludes Casentino and the valleys formed by major tributaries.
Some towns in the area:
*Rignano sull'Arno
*Fi ...
(Upper, Middle and Lower), flows into the
Tyrrhenian Sea
The Tyrrhenian Sea (; it, Mar Tirreno , french: Mer TyrrhĂŠnienne , sc, Mare Tirrenu, co, Mari Tirrenu, scn, Mari Tirrenu, nap, Mare Tirreno) is part of the Mediterranean Sea off the western coast of Italy. It is named for the Tyrrhenian pe ...
near
Pisa
Pisa ( , or ) is a city and ''comune'' in Tuscany, central Italy, straddling the Arno just before it empties into the Ligurian Sea. It is the capital city of the Province of Pisa. Although Pisa is known worldwide for its leaning tower, the cit ...
. Bibbiena occupies the northern part of the province of Arezzo, is located at an altitude of 425m above sea level and is about 30 km from the provincial capital.
Florence
Florence ( ; it, Firenze ) is a city in Central Italy and the capital city of the Tuscany region. It is the most populated city in Tuscany, with 383,083 inhabitants in 2016, and over 1,520,000 in its metropolitan area.Bilancio demografico an ...
, the regional capital, is 60 km further west. It borders to the north with
Emilia-Romagna
egl, Emiglià n (man) egl, Emiglièna (woman) rgn, Rumagnòl (man) rgn, Rumagnòla (woman) it, Emiliano (man) it, Emiliana (woman) or it, Romagnolo (man) it, Romagnola (woman)
, population_note =
, population_blank1_title ...
(
Province of ForlĂŹ-Cesena
The province of ForlĂŹ-Cesena ( it, provincia di ForlĂŹ-Cesena) is a Provinces of Italy, province in the EmiliaâRomagna region of Italy. Its capital is the city of ForlĂŹ. The province has a population of 394,273 as of 2016 over an area of . ...
, municipality of
Bagno di Romagna
Bagno di Romagna ( Bagnese: ; rgn, Bagn d'RumĂ gna) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of ForlĂŹ-Cesena in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about southeast of Bologna and about south of ForlĂŹ.
Bagno di Romagna borders the ...
), to the west with
Poppi
Poppi () is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Arezzo in the Italian region Tuscany, located about east of Florence and about northwest of Arezzo.
Poppi borders the following municipalities: Bibbiena, Castel Focognano, Castel San Ni ...
, to the east with
Chiusi
Chiusi (Etruscan: ''Clevsin''; Umbrian: ''Camars''; Ancient Greek: ''Klysion'', ''ÎÎťĎĎΚον''; Latin: ''Clusium'') is a town and ''comune'' in the province of Siena, Tuscany, Italy.
History
Clusium (''Clevsin'' in Etruscan) was one of t ...
della Verna, to the south with
Castel Focognano
Castel Focognano is ''comune'' in the province of Arezzo, Tuscany, central Italy.
The comune lies in the Casentino valley on the left bank of the River Arno. Although it is named after a village on the slopes of the Alpe di Catenaia, the m ...
, to the south-west with
Ortignano Raggiolo
Ortignano Raggiolo is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Arezzo in the Italian region Tuscany, located about southeast of Florence and about northwest of Arezzo.
Ortignano Raggiolo borders the following municipalities: Bibbiena, Ca ...
.
History
Already mentioned in the works of Dante and Ariosto, Bibbiena offers a wealth of artistic and cultural attractions that are little known. From the Middle Ages to the Renaissance, from the 8th century to the present day, Bibbiena has a series of historical monuments, of which only a few are mentioned here
* ''Palazzo Mazzoleni''
* ''Palazzo Niccolini'' seat of the city hall and of the
Archaeological Museum of Casentino "Piero Albertoni"
The Archaeological Museum of Casentino "Piero Albertoni" is a museum located in Bibbiena, Italy. It occupies the historic site of Palazzo Niccolini, which also represents the seat of the town hall. The museum houses, divided into five rooms (plus ...
* ''Palazzo Dovizi'', built by
Cardinal
Cardinal or The Cardinal may refer to:
Animals
* Cardinal (bird) or Cardinalidae, a family of North and South American birds
**''Cardinalis'', genus of cardinal in the family Cardinalidae
**''Cardinalis cardinalis'', or northern cardinal, the ...
Bernardo Dovizi
Bernardo Dovizi of Bibbiena (4 August 1470 – 9 November 1520) was an Italian cardinal and comedy writer, known best as Cardinal Bibbiena, for the town of Bibbiena, where he was born.
Biography
He received a substantial literary training, a ...
, who is usually known as "Bibbiena", He was born in Bibbiena and served as secretary to
Giovanni de' Medici (cardinal)
Giovanni di Cosimo I de' Medici (29 September 1543 â 20 November 1562), also known as Giovanni de' Medici the Younger, was an Italian cardinal.
Early years
He was born in Florence, the second son of Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany ...
(later
Pope Leo X
Pope Leo X ( it, Leone X; born Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici, 11 December 14751 December 1521) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 9 March 1513 to his death in December 1521.
Born into the prominent political an ...
).
The religious buildings include:
* The Church of ''San Lorenzo'', famous for the glazed terracotta reliefs by the
Della Robbia Della Robbia is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
*Luca della Robbia (1400â1481), Italian sculptor
* Andrea della Robbia (1435â1525), Italian sculptor, nephew of Luca
*Giovanni della Robbia (1469â1529), son of Andrea
*Girola ...
school
* The ''Pieve di SantâIppolito'' (Former Chapel of the Tarlati Castle)
* The Rococo ''Oratorio of
San Francesco ''
* The Sanctuary of ''
Santa Maria del Sasso
Santa Maria del Sasso, also known as the Sanctuary of Santa Maria del Sasso is a Renaissance church near Bibbiena in Tuscany, Italy.
The first church on the site was constructed in 1347 following a reported appearance of the Virgin Mary on 23 Jun ...
'', one of the most important
Renaissance
The Renaissance ( , ) , from , with the same meanings. is a period in European history marking the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and covering the 15th and 16th centuries, characterized by an effort to revive and surpass ideas ...
buildings in the Casentino area.
The Sanctuary of Santa Maria del Sasso, a unique example of Renaissance art, is just one kilometer from the residential area of ââBibbiena. In the central part of the upper church you can see the "Madonna del Sasso" by Bicci di Lorenzo, built on a small rock, the top of an enormous boulder: the "Sasso", from which the monastery takes its name. The ancient Marian cult surrounding the boulder prompted the architect to integrate the base of the rock into a small, lower-lying church, which houses the "Madonna del Buio" (Madonna of Darkness), a wooden sculpture from the school of Donatello. A valuable painting of Lappoli can be seen in the third church. In the upper church, on the other hand, there are works by Fra Paolino del Signoraccio, Ligozzi and Ludovico Buti. Finally, in the choir, the large painting of the Assunta by Fra Paolino and Fra Bartolomeo can be seen.
Society
Inhabitants surveyed
Ethnicities and foreign minorities
According to ISTAT data as of 31 December 2010, the foreign resident population was 2,104 people. The nationalities most represented on the basis of their percentage of the total resident population were:
*
Romania
Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, S ...
1,249 9.81%
*
India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
194 1.52%
*
Bangladesh
Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mos ...
193 1.52%
Traditions and Folklore
Every year, in Bibbiena, the historical carnival is celebrated, also known as "Carnevale della Mea" (Carnival of Mea),
which traces its roots back to 1337 and is linked to the medieval popular legend of the Mea.
On the last day of Carnival, Shrove Tuesday, the traditional propitiatory rite of the "beautiful apple" takes place, during which a juniper is burned by the oldest in the village in the center of the "piazzolina" (Piazza Roma) to reap the good wishes. for the year to come.
Culture
The town holds its yearly "Rievocazione della Mea"
festival
A festival is an event ordinarily celebrated by a community and centering on some characteristic aspect or aspects of that community and its religion or cultures. It is often marked as a local or national holiday, mela, or eid. A festival c ...
on the last Sunday of
Carnival
Carnival is a Catholic Christian festive season that occurs before the liturgical season of Lent. The main events typically occur during February or early March, during the period historically known as Shrovetide (or Pre-Lent). Carnival typi ...
and
Shrove Tuesday
Shrove Tuesday is the day before Ash Wednesday (the first day of Lent), observed in many Christian countries through participating in confession and absolution, the ritual burning of the previous year's Holy Week palms, finalizing one's Lenten s ...
as well as a similar celebration in the summer with parades in historical costume and a show in the main square.
Theater
The Dovizi Theater, established in the mid-19th century, is located in Bibbiena.
Events
The "Sagra delle Sagre" takes place every year in Bibbiena. In the historic center of the town many of the
Casentino
The Casentino is the valley in which the first tract of the river Arno flows to Subbiano, Italy.
It is one of the four valleys (alongside Valdarno, Valdichiana, and Valtiberina) in which the Province of Arezzo is divided. Mount Falterona, from ...
valley festivals gather for a day in June (Cetica,
Chiusi della Verna
Chiusi della Verna is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Arezzo in the Italian region Tuscany, located about east of Florence and about north of Arezzo. It is in the Casentino traditional region.
Chiusi della Verna borders the fol ...
, Corezzo, Faltona, Partina,
Pratovecchio Stia Pratovecchio Stia is a ''comune'' in the province of Arezzo, Tuscany. It was formed by the merger of the two former ''comuni'' of Pratovecchio and Stia in 2014.
History
Dono di Paolo, father of the Florentine artist Paolo Uccello, was a barber-sur ...
, Premilcuore, Rimbocchi, San Piero in Frassino, Subbiano).
Anthropogenic geography
Fractions
In the territory of Bibbiena, with the exception of the municipal capital, there are twenty-one hamlets
Other localities in the area
Other relevant localities within the municipal area are those of Casanova, Caselle, Contra, Molino di Gressa, Moscaio, Pianacci, Pollino, Santa Maria del Sasso, Tramoggiano.
Economy
In the past, the production of Casentino cloth played an important role in the local economy.
Infrastructure and Transport
The municipality is affected by the crossing of the Casentinese railway.
Administration
Below is a table relating to the successive administrations in this municipality.
Sister cities
*
Boulazac,
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
, since 1989
*
Ochsenfurt
Ochsenfurt () is a town in the district of WĂźrzburg, in Bavaria, Germany. Ochsenfurt is located on the left bank of the River Main and has around 11,000 inhabitants. This makes it the largest town in WĂźrzburg district.
Name
Like Oxford, the t ...
, since 2016
References
External links
Official WebsiteArchived Official Website (2005)
{{authority control
Cities and towns in Tuscany