The Eretnids ( tr, Eretna Beyliği) were an
Anatolian beylik
Anatolian beyliks ( tr, Anadolu beylikleri, Ottoman Turkish: ''Tavâif-i mülûk'', ''Beylik'' ) were small principalities (or petty kingdoms) in Anatolia governed by beys, the first of which were founded at the end of the 11th century. A secon ...
that succeeded the
Ilkhanid governors in
Anatolia and that ruled in a large region extending between Caesarea (
Kayseri
Kayseri (; el, Καισάρεια) is a large Industrialisation, industrialised List of cities in Turkey, city in Central Anatolia, Turkey, and the capital of Kayseri Province, Kayseri province. The Kayseri Metropolitan Municipality area is comp ...
), Sebastea (
Sivas) and Amaseia (
Amasya) in
Central Anatolia between 1328 and 1381. The dynasty was founded by
Eretna, an officer of
Uyghur origin in the service of Ilkhanid governors of Anatolia. Although short-lived, the Beylik of Eretna left important works of architecture. The name of Eretna may be derived from
Sanskrit word ''Ratna'' "Jewel" or
Tuvan (Turkic) "Ertine" (эртине) "treasure, jewel, value, esteem, appreciate, dignify, treasure, cherish".
The dynasty's founder, Eretna, was a Mongol officer of Uyghur origin in the service of
Timurtash, the Ilkhanid governor of Anatolia. After his master unsuccessfully revolted in 1327 to ally with the Mamluks in response to the fate of his father
Chupan
Amir Chūpān ( fa, امیر چوپان; died November 1327), also spelt Choban or Coban, was a Chupanid noble of the Ilkhanate, and nominal general of the Mongol Empire. He was ennobled by Emperor Taiding of Yuan as Duke of Yi (翊國公).
Bac ...
,
Ilkhan
The Ilkhanate, also spelled Il-khanate ( fa, ایل خانان, ''Ilxānān''), known to the Mongols as ''Hülegü Ulus'' (, ''Qulug-un Ulus''), was a khanate established from the southwestern sector of the Mongol Empire. The Ilkhanid realm, ...
Abu Said
Abu or ABU may refer to:
Places
* Abu (volcano), a volcano on the island of Honshū in Japan
* Abu, Yamaguchi, a town in Japan
* Ahmadu Bello University, a university located in Zaria, Nigeria
* Atlantic Baptist University, a Christian universi ...
appointed Eretna a governor of
Anatolia. Eretna, who established his own beylik with the title of Sultan under the protection of the
Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo),
[''Encyclopedia of Mongolia and Mongol Empire'', ''see:'' Turkey and Mongol Empire] also knew
Arabic and was considered a scholar.
After Eretna's death, his lands were nibbled away by the
Ottomans
The Ottoman Turks ( tr, Osmanlı Türkleri), were the Turkic founding and sociopolitically the most dominant ethnic group of the Ottoman Empire ( 1299/1302–1922).
Reliable information about the early history of Ottoman Turks remains scarce, ...
in the west and the
Aq Qoyunlu
The Aq Qoyunlu ( az, Ağqoyunlular , ) was a culturally Persianate,Kaushik Roy, ''Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400–1750'', (Bloomsbury, 2014), 38; "Post-Mongol Persia and Iraq were ruled by two tribal confederations: Akkoyunlu (Wh ...
in the east due to internal disputes between the Eretnids. The Beylik's last ruler, Muhammad II, was replaced by his
vizier Kadi Burhan al-Din who reigned in the same region for another eighteen years, a period some sources consider as a continuation of the same institutional structure, while other sources treat as being separate.
List of Eretna rulers
*
Ala al-Din Eretna ibn Jafar 1336–1352
*
Giyath al-Din Muhammad 1352–1366
*'Ali 1366–1380
*Muhammad Çelebi 1380
*
Kadi Burhan al-Din
See also
*
List of Shia Muslim dynasties
References
External links
*
{{Medieval states in Anatolia
Anatolian beyliks
History of Kayseri Province
History of Sivas Province
History of Amasya Province
States in medieval Anatolia
State may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Literature
* ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State
* ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States
* ''Our S ...
States and territories established in 1335
States and territories established in 1381