Bernard Henri Maris (; 23 September 19467 January 2015), also known as "Oncle Bernard", was a French economist, writer and journalist who was also a shareholder in ''
Charlie Hebdo'' magazine. He was murdered on 7 January 2015, during the
shooting at the headquarters of the magazine in Paris.
Biography
Studies and academic career
After graduating from
Sciences Po Toulouse in 1968, Bernard Maris earned a doctorate in economics at the
University of Toulouse I in 1975 with a thesis entitled ''La distribution personnelle des revenus: une approche théorique dans le cadre de la croissance équilibrée'' ("The personal distribution of income: A theoretical approach to balanced growth"), prepared under the direction of Jean Vincens. He taught as an assistant professor then from 1984 on as a senior lecturer at the University of Toulouse I. In September 1994 he earned his full professorship (Professeur des Universités) through the Agrégation d'Économie Générale (a competitive examination on the subject of General Economic Science) at the Institut d'Études Politiques
nstitute of Political Sciencein Toulouse.
At the time of his death, he was a professor at the Institute of European studies of the
University of Paris-VIII. He also taught microeconomics at the
University of Iowa
The University of Iowa (UI, U of I, UIowa, or simply Iowa) is a public research university in Iowa City, Iowa, United States. Founded in 1847, it is the oldest and largest university in the state. The University of Iowa is organized into 12 col ...
in the United States and the Central Bank of
Peru
, image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg
, image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg
, other_symbol = Great Seal of the State
, other_symbol_type = National seal
, national_motto = "Firm and Happy f ...
.
Journalism
Bernard Maris wrote for various journals: ''
Marianne
Marianne () has been the national personification of the French Republic since the French Revolution, as a personification of liberty, equality, fraternity and reason, as well as a portrayal of the Goddess of Liberty.
Marianne is displayed in ...
'', ''
Le Nouvel Observateur
(), previously known as (1964–2014), is a weekly French news magazine. Based in the 2nd arrondissement of Paris, it is the most prominent French general information magazine in terms of audience and circulation. Its current editor is Cécil ...
'',
''Le Figaro Magazine'', ''
Le Monde
''Le Monde'' (; ) is a French daily afternoon newspaper. It is the main publication of Le Monde Group and reported an average circulation of 323,039 copies per issue in 2009, about 40,000 of which were sold abroad. It has had its own website si ...
'' and ''
Charlie Hebdo'', in which he used the pen name "Oncle Bernard". At ''Charlie Hebdo'', he was the Deputy Editorial Director until 2008. As its founder, during the rebirth of the title in 1992, he was an 11% shareholder.
On the radio, Bernard Maris had a weekly column entitled ''J'ai tout compris à l'économie'', each Saturday on
France Inter
France Inter () is a major French public radio channel and part of Radio France. It is a " generalist" station, aiming to provide a wide national audience with a full service of news and spoken-word programming, both serious and entertaining, li ...
, and took part each Friday in a debate on topical economic issues with the economic journalist of
''Les Échos'', Dominique Seux, from 7:50.
He also presented on television, on the
i-Télé channel, where he participated as a columnist in ''Y'a pas que le CAC''. There he commented with another professor of Economics,
Philippe Chalmin (close to the
neoclassical school), on the economic news until June 2009. He also regularly appeared on the programme ''
C dans l'air'' on
France 5
France 5 () is a French free-to-air public television channel, part of the France Télévisions group. Principally featuring educational programming, the channel's motto is ''la chaîne de la connaissance et du savoir'' (the knowledge network). ...
.
Associations and political life
Bernard Maris was often presented as
alter-globalization
Alter-globalization (also known as alternative globalization or alter-mundialization—from the French alter- mondialisation—and overlapping with the global justice movement) is a social movement whose proponents support global cooperation an ...
, because of his earlier participation with the Scientific Council of ATTAC
.
He lived in the
16th arrondissement of Paris, and was a candidate in 2002 at the city-council elections of the
10th arrondissement of Paris for
The Greens The Greens or Greens may refer to:
Current political parties
*Australian Greens, also known as ''The Greens''
*Greens of Andorra
* Greens of Bosnia and Herzegovina
*Greens of Burkina
* Greens (Greece)
* Greens of Montenegro
*Greens of Serbia
*Gree ...
. He was also a candidate for the
CFDT
The French Democratic Confederation of Labour (french: link=no, Confédération française démocratique du travail, CFDT) is a national trade union center, one of the five major French confederations of trade unions, led since 2012 by Laurent B ...
in the 2009 elections for the ''
Commission de la carte d'identité des journalistes professionnels''.
Novelist
Bernard Maris published several novels including ''L'enfant qui voulait être muet'', and was awarded the Leclerc's booksellers award in 2003.
Family
He was married to
Sylvie Genevoix, a journalist and a former member of the
CSA
CSA may refer to:
Arts and media
* Canadian Screen Awards, annual awards given by the Academy of Canadian Cinema & Television
* Commission on Superhuman Activities, a fictional American government agency in Marvel Comics
* Crime Syndicate of Amer ...
, who died on 20 September 2012. She was
Maurice Genevoix's daughter.
Freemasonry
Bernard Maris was initiated at Roger Leray lodge in Paris (
Grand Orient de France) in 2008.
Death
Maris was killed, along with seven of his colleagues, two police officers, and two others on 7 January 2015 in the
''Charlie Hebdo'' shooting when armed gunmen stormed the ''
Charlie Hebdo'' newspaper offices in Paris.
Work in economics
Maris was a great admirer of
John Maynard Keynes
John Maynard Keynes, 1st Baron Keynes, ( ; 5 June 1883 – 21 April 1946), was an English economist whose ideas fundamentally changed the theory and practice of macroeconomics and the economic policies of governments. Originally trained in ...
, to whom he dedicated a book, ''Keynes ou l'économiste citoyen'', and has published many popular economic books. He is known, amongst others, by titles such as ''Ah Dieu! Que la guerre économique est jolie!'' (1998), ''Lettre ouverte aux gourous de l'économie qui nous prennent pour des imbéciles'' (1999) and ''La Bourse ou la vie'' (2000).
With incisive style, he tried to explain the nature and the interests of the real economy, unveiling its negative aspects, but also highlighting concepts and alternatives such as the
gratuity, the
gift economy and
basic income
Universal basic income (UBI) is a social welfare proposal in which all citizens of a given population regularly receive an unconditional transfer payment, that is, without a means test or need to work. It would be received independently of a ...
, which were, in his eyes, of significance.
''
Le Nouvel Économiste
''Le Nouvel Économiste'' (French: ''The New Economist'') is a French language weekly financial and business magazine published in Paris, France.
History and profile
''Le Nouvel Économiste'' was established in 1975. The magazine was owned by th ...
'' magazine assigned him the title of "Best Economist of the Year", in 1995.
Bank of France
On 21 December 2011,
Jean-Pierre Bel
Jean-Pierre Bel (born 30 December 1951) is a French retired politician who served as President of the Senate from 2011 to 2014. From the Ariège department, Bel is a member of the Socialist Party; he was elected to the Senate in September 1998 ...
, president of the Senate, appointed him a member of the General Council of the
Banque de France
The Bank of France ( French: ''Banque de France''), headquartered in Paris, is the central bank of France. Founded in 1800, it began as a private institution for managing state debts and issuing notes. It is responsible for the accounts of the ...
.
Publications
Economics
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Analyses
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Novels
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Filmography
*2008:
''Encirclement'' by
Richard Brouillette
*2010: ''
Film Socialisme'' by
Jean-Luc Godard
See also
*
List of journalists killed in Europe
This is a list of journalists killed in Europe (as a continent), divided by country.
While journalists in the European Union (EU) generally work in good conditions, there are cases of murdered journalists, and many of them remain unpunished. Thi ...
References
External links
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Maris, Bernard
1946 births
2015 deaths
Assassinated French journalists
Terrorism deaths in France
20th-century French novelists
21st-century French novelists
University of Toulouse alumni
Academic staff of Paris 8 University Vincennes-Saint-Denis
Academic staff of the University of Paris
University of Iowa faculty
20th-century French economists
21st-century French economists
Academic staff of the University of Toulouse
Victims of the Charlie Hebdo shooting
French Freemasons
Charlie Hebdo people
French male novelists