Bergen Auf Rügen Abbey
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Bergen auf Rügen Abbey (german: Kloster Bergen auf Rügen) was a
monastery A monastery is a building or complex of buildings comprising the domestic quarters and workplaces of monastics, monks or nuns, whether living in communities or alone (hermits). A monastery generally includes a place reserved for prayer which ...
for Cistercian nuns established on the
Baltic Sea The Baltic Sea is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that is enclosed by Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden and the North and Central European Plain. The sea stretches from 53°N to 66°N latitude and from ...
island of
Rügen Rügen (; la, Rugia, ) is Germany's largest island. It is located off the Pomeranian coast in the Baltic Sea and belongs to the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. The "gateway" to Rügen island is the Hanseatic city of Stralsund, where ...
. It lasted from the end of the 12th century to the early 16th century as a
Roman-Catholic The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwide . It is am ...
monastery and then, until 1945, as a
Protestant Protestantism is a Christian denomination, branch of Christianity that follows the theological tenets of the Reformation, Protestant Reformation, a movement that began seeking to reform the Catholic Church from within in the 16th century agai ...
aristocratic nunnery.


History

The Principality of Rügen belonged to the Bishopric of
Roskilde Roskilde ( , ) is a city west of Copenhagen on the Danish island of Zealand. With a population of 51,916 (), the city is a business and educational centre for the region and the 10th largest city in Denmark. It is governed by the administrative ...
since its conquest by the Danes in 1168, Bishop
Absalon of Lund Absalon (21 March 1201) was a Danish statesman and prelate of the Catholic Church who served as the bishop of Roskilde from 1158 to 1192 and archbishop of Lund from 1178 until his death. He was the foremost politician and church father of Denma ...
being responsible for introducing the territory to
Christianity Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth. It is the world's largest and most widespread religion with roughly 2.38 billion followers representing one-third of the global pop ...
. In 1193, Prince
Jaromar I Jaromar is a masculine given name. It is the Polabian form of the West Slavic name, Jaromir. It may refer to: People: Jaromar, also Jaromar of Rügen, is the name of several members of Rügen's princely house: *Jaromar I (1141–1218), Prince of ...
of Rügen founded a nunnery near the fort (''Burgwall'') on the
Rugard The Rugard, at , is the highest elevation in the central region of the German Baltic Sea island of Rügen. This push end moraine was formed in the last ice age and lies on the northeastern perimeter of the town of Bergen auf Rügen. There was p ...
, and had it consecrated as St. Mary's Church which had originally been planned as a palace church (''Pfalzkirche''). The monastery was a branch of St. Mary's Abbey, Roskilde, from which the first
Benedictine , image = Medalla San Benito.PNG , caption = Design on the obverse side of the Saint Benedict Medal , abbreviation = OSB , formation = , motto = (English: 'Pray and Work') , foun ...
sisters came. When the two monasteries transferred to the
Cistercian order The Cistercians, () officially the Order of Cistercians ( la, (Sacer) Ordo Cisterciensis, abbreviated as OCist or SOCist), are a Catholic religious order of monks and nuns that branched off from the Benedictines and follow the Rule of Saint B ...
is not known. A confirmation of the Cistercian ordinances and possessions was made by Pope Innocent IV in 1250. On its foundation, Jaromar I granted the monastery with extensive, but scattered, estates, which were mostly on the island of Rügen. Until the mid-14th century are only a few donations by his followers or internal documents of the monastery known. After that it was increasingly involved in the purchase of whole parishes, such as in 1344, which consisted of 14 villages, and in 1357 the estates of Arnold Pape, the goods of John of Kiel in Wieck,
Dranske Dranske is a municipality in the Vorpommern-Rügen district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe af ...
and Goos.


Literature

* Stadt Bergen auf Rügen, GSOM mbH (pub.): ''Der Klosterhof und die Kirche St. Marien in Bergen auf Rügen.''
Brochure
PDF Portable Document Format (PDF), standardized as ISO 32000, is a file format developed by Adobe in 1992 to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems. ...
, 5.5 MB) Bergen, 2005. * Johann Jakob Grümbke: ''Gesammelte Nachrichten zur Geschichte des ehemaligen Cisterzienser Nonnenklosters St. Maria in Bergen auf der Insel Rügen.'' Löffler, Stralsund, 1833
digitalised
. * Hermann Hoogeweg: ''Die Stifter und Klöster der Provinz Pommern.'' Vol. 1, Leon Saunier, Stettin, 1924, pp. 92–163. * Axel Attula: ''Dekorationen für Damen, Evangelische Damenstifte Norddeutschlands und ihre Orden'', Thomas Helms Verlag, Schwerin, 2011. ()


External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bergen auf Rugen Abbey Lutheran women's convents Cistercian nunneries in Germany Monasteries in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania History of Pomerania Rügen Bergen auf Rügen Principality of Rügen