''Beaumontia'' is a small genus of evergreen
woody vines in the
milkweed family. It is native to
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...
, the
Indian subcontinent
The Indian subcontinent is a list of the physiographic regions of the world, physiographical region in United Nations geoscheme for Asia#Southern Asia, Southern Asia. It is situated on the Indian Plate, projecting southwards into the Indian O ...
, and
Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, south-eastern region of Asia, consistin ...
.
[Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]
/ref>
Description
''Beaumontia'' plants are often rampant climbers and vine
A vine (Latin ''vīnea'' "grapevine", "vineyard", from ''vīnum'' "wine") is any plant with a growth habit of trailing or scandent (that is, climbing) stems, lianas or runners. The word ''vine'' can also refer to such stems or runners themselv ...
s. They are mostly evergreen, though in subtropical gardens '' Beaumontia grandiflora'' loses many leaves in winter. Leaves are large, smooth and opposite with sticky white sap from petiolar glands.
The large white fragrant flowers are borne in corymbs
Corymb is a botanical term for an inflorescence with the flowers growing in such a fashion that the outermost are borne on longer pedicels than the inner, bringing all flowers up to a common level. A corymb has a flattish top with a superficial re ...
terminal and in the leaf axils. The calyx is 5-lobed and the corolla is dark funnel-or bell-shaped with 5 lobes. Stamens are attached near the base of the corolla tube and have slender filaments with arrow-shaped anthers. They are very showy when in full bloom and are regarded as among the most outstanding vines of the world.
The fruits (seed capsules) comprises a pair of thick woody follicles. The seeds are compressed, apex gradually narrows with a silky coma (a tuft of hairs).
Taxonomy
The genus was circumscribed
In geometry, the circumscribed circle or circumcircle of a polygon is a circle that passes through all the vertices of the polygon. The center of this circle is called the circumcenter and its radius is called the circumradius.
Not every polyg ...
by Nathaniel Wallich
Nathaniel Wolff Wallich FRS FRSE (28 January 1786 – 28 April 1854) was a surgeon and botanist of Danish origin who worked in India, initially in the Danish settlement near Calcutta and later for the Danish East India Company and the British ...
in Tent. Fl. Napal. on page 14 in 1824.Thomas Richard Beaumont
Colonel Thomas Richard Beaumont (29 April 1758 – 31 July 1829) of Bretton Hall, Wakefield, Yorkshire, was a British Tory politician and soldier.
Origins
He was the son of Thomas Beaumont of The Oaks in Darton, Yorkshire, by his wife Anne Ays ...
(1758–1829) of Bretton Hall Bretton Hall may refer to:
*Bretton Hall, Flintshire, former fortified manor house on the England/Wales border
*Bretton Hall, West Yorkshire, country house in West Yorkshire, England
*Bretton Hall College
Bretton Hall College of Education was a h ...
, Wakefield
Wakefield is a cathedral city in West Yorkshire, England located on the River Calder. The city had a population of 99,251 in the 2011 census.https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011/ks101ew Census 2011 table KS101EW Usual resident population, ...
, Yorkshire. She had a estate with massive dome-shaped glasshouse for exotic plants at Bretton Hall.
Cultivation
The ''Beaumontia'' species are cultivated as ornamental plant
Ornamental plants or garden plants are plants that are primarily grown for their beauty but also for qualities such as scent or how they shape physical space. Many flowering plants and garden varieties tend to be specially bred cultivars that i ...
s, with ''Beaumontia grandiflora'' widely grown by the nursery trade. They prefer good soil, adequate water and hot moist conditions. They are found planted and trained as vines in subtropical climate
The subtropical zones or subtropics are geographical and climate zones to the north and south of the tropics. Geographically part of the temperate zones of both hemispheres, they cover the middle latitudes from to approximately 35° north and ...
gardens, such as in Southern California
Southern California (commonly shortened to SoCal) is a geographic and Cultural area, cultural region that generally comprises the southern portion of the U.S. state of California. It includes the Los Angeles metropolitan area, the second most po ...
.
They are propagated from seed or half-hardened cuttings taken with a heel, rooted in sandy soil under mist.[Ellison, Don (1999) Cultivated Plants of the World. London: New Holland (1st ed.: Brisbane: Flora Publications International, 1995)]
Species
As accepted by Kew;Beaumontia longituba
''Beaumontia'' is a small genus of evergreen woody vines in the milkweed family. It is native to China, the Indian subcontinent, and Southeast Asia.
Description
''Beaumontia'' plants are often rampant climbers and vines. They are mostly evergr ...
'' Craib - Nagaland
# ''Beaumontia macrantha
''Beaumontia'' is a small genus of evergreen woody vines in the milkweed family. It is native to China, the Indian subcontinent, and Southeast Asia.
Description
''Beaumontia'' plants are often rampant climbers and vines. They are mostly evergr ...
'' (Ridl.) Rudjiman - S Myanmar, S Thailand
# ''Beaumontia multiflora
''Beaumontia'' is a small genus of evergreen woody vines in the milkweed family. It is native to China, the Indian subcontinent, and Southeast Asia.
Description
''Beaumontia'' plants are often rampant climbers and vines. They are mostly evergr ...
'' Teijsm. & Binn. - Java, Bali, W Malaysia, Sumatra; naturalized in Thailand, Hawaii
# ''Beaumontia murtonii
''Beaumontia'' is a small genus of evergreen woody vines in the milkweed family. It is native to China, the Indian subcontinent, and Southeast Asia.
Description
''Beaumontia'' plants are often rampant climbers and vines. They are mostly evergr ...
'' Craib - Yunnan, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, W Malaysia
# ''Beaumontia pitardii
''Beaumontia'' is a small genus of evergreen woody vines in the milkweed family. It is native to China, the Indian subcontinent, and Southeast Asia.
Description
''Beaumontia'' plants are often rampant climbers and vines. They are mostly evergr ...
'' Tsiang - N Vietnam, Guangxi, Yunnan[
]
formerly included
* ''Beaumontia indecora'' Baill = ''Vallaris indecora
''Vallaris'' is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1768. It is native to China, the Indian Subcontinent, and Southeast Asia.
;Species
* ''Vallaris glabra'' (L.) Kuntze – bread flower, ''kesidang'' (Malay ...
'' (Baill.) Tsiang & P.T.Li
* ''Beaumontia wallichii'' (A.DC.) Walp. = ''Wrightia arborea
''Wrightia arborea'', the woolly dyeing rosebay, is a species of flowering plant in the family Apocynaceae. It is native to the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, and southern China. A tree reaching , local peoples use it for timber and as the ...
'' (Dennst.) Mabb.
''Beaumontia grandiflora'' gallery
File:หิรัญญิการ์ Beaumontia grandiflora Wall. FAMILY APOCYNACEAE (1).jpg, Beaumontia grandiflora
File:หิรัญญิการ์ Beaumontia grandiflora Wall. FAMILY APOCYNACEAE (2).jpg, Beaumontia grandiflora
File:หิรัญญิการ์ Beaumontia grandiflora Wall. FAMILY APOCYNACEAE (4).jpg, Beaumontia grandiflora
File:หิรัญญิการ์ Beaumontia grandiflora Wall. FAMILY APOCYNACEAE (7).jpg, Beaumontia grandiflora
References
External links
Horticulture: ''Beaumontia grandiflora''
{{Taxonbar, from=Q3311674
Apocyneae
Apocynaceae genera
Vines
Flora of China
Flora of tropical Asia
Flora of Malaya
Flora of Java
Flora of the Lesser Sunda Islands
Flora of Sumatra