Bayram Pasha (died 26 August 1638) was an Ottoman

grand vizier Grand vizier ( fa, وزيرِ اعظم, vazîr-i aʾzam; ota, صدر اعظم, sadr-ı aʾzam; tr, sadrazam) was the title of the effective head of government of many sovereign states in the Islamic world. The office of Grand Vizier was first ...

from 1637 to 1638 and the Ottoman governor of

Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediter ...

from 1626 to 1628.

Life

Bayram, was from Ladik, near the

Anatolia Anatolia, tr, Anadolu Yarımadası), and the Anatolian plateau, also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula in Western Asia and the westernmost protrusion of the Asian continent. It constitutes the major part of modern-day Turkey. The re ...

n city of

Amasya Amasya () is a city in northern Turkey and is the capital of Amasya Province, in the Black Sea Region. It was called Amaseia or Amasia in antiquity."Amasya" in ''The New Encyclopædia Britannica''. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 15th e ...

. He was Turkish origin and was a member of the

Janissary A Janissary ( ota, یڭیچری, yeŋiçeri, , ) was a member of the elite infantry units that formed the Ottoman Sultan's household troops and the first modern standing army in Europe. The corps was most likely established under sultan Orhan ( ...

corps, which recruited heavily from Christian families of Greek, Georgian and Armenian origin from different parts of Anatolia. Although the Janissary corps was originally based on the ''

devshirme Devshirme ( ota, دوشیرمه, devşirme, collecting, usually translated as "child levy"; hy, Մանկահավաք, Mankahavak′. or "blood tax"; hbs-Latn-Cyrl, Danak u krvi, Данак у крви, mk, Данок во крв, Danok vo krv ...

'' system, beginning in the reign of

Murat III Murad III ( ota, مراد ثالث, Murād-i sālis; tr, III. Murad; 4 July 1546 – 16 January 1595) was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1574 until his death in 1595. His rule saw battles with the Habsburgs and exhausting wars with the Saf ...

(1574–1595),

Turks Turk or Turks may refer to: Communities and ethnic groups * Turkic peoples, a collection of ethnic groups who speak Turkic languages * Turkish people, or the Turks, a Turkic ethnic group and nation * Turkish citizen, a citizen of the Republic o ...

were also admitted into the corps. In 1622, his title was ''turnacıbaşı'' (chief of recruiting teams), and in 1623, the ''

kethüda ( ota, كدخدا), often corrupted to or in daily speech, was an Ottoman Turkish title meaning "steward, deputy, lieutenant". It derives from the Persian word ("master of a household", later "chieftain, headman"). The term originated in med ...

'' (chamberlain). In 1625, he was appointed to

(then an Ottoman territory) as the ''

beylerbey ''Beylerbey'' ( ota, بكلربكی, beylerbeyi, lit=bey of beys, meaning the 'commander of commanders' or 'lord of lords') was a high rank in the western Islamic world in the late Middle Ages and early modern period, from the Anatolian Seljuks ...

'' (governor-general). In 1628, he was promoted to the rank of

vizier A vizier (; ar, وزير, wazīr; fa, وزیر, vazīr), or wazir, is a high-ranking political advisor or minister in the near east. The Abbasid caliphs gave the title ''wazir'' to a minister formerly called ''katib'' (secretary), who was a ...

. In 1635, Bayram Pasha was the ''

kaymakam Kaymakam, also known by many other romanizations, was a title used by various officials of the Ottoman Empire, including acting grand viziers, governors of provincial sanjaks, and administrators of district kazas. The title has been retained an ...

'' (a title almost equivalent to modern mayor) of the Ottoman capital,

Constantinople la, Constantinopolis ota, قسطنطينيه , alternate_name = Byzantion (earlier Greek name), Nova Roma ("New Rome"), Miklagard/Miklagarth (Old Norse), Tsargrad ( Slavic), Qustantiniya (Arabic), Basileuousa ("Queen of Cities"), Megalopolis (" ...

. In 1637, during the reign of

Murat IV Murad IV ( ota, مراد رابع, ''Murād-ı Rābiʿ''; tr, IV. Murad, was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1623 to 1640, known both for restoring the authority of the state and for the brutality of his methods. Murad IV was born in Cons ...

(1623–1640), he was promoted to the rank of

, the highest office in the empire next to that of the sultan. Bayram Pasha participated in the

Baghdad Baghdad (; ar, بَغْدَاد , ) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab world after Cairo. It is located on the Tigris near the ruins of the ancient city of Babylon and the Sassanid Persian capital of Ctesiphon ...

campaign led by the sultan. He died (of natural causes) near

Urfa Urfa, officially known as Şanlıurfa () and in ancient times as Edessa, is a city in southeastern Turkey and the capital of Şanlıurfa Province. Urfa is situated on a plain about 80 km east of the Euphrates River. Its climate features e ...

.On line history

As a groom

Bayram was also a ''

damat Damat ( tr, damat, from fa, {{nq, داماد (dâmâd) "bridegroom") was an official Ottoman title describing men that entered the imperial House of Osman by means of marriage, literally becoming the bridegroom to the Ottoman sultan and the d ...

'' (groom) of the palace. In Ottoman tradition, the daughters and sisters of the sultans usually married viziers. But Bayram's case was an exception, because Bayram was married to

Hanzade Sultan Hanzade Sultan may refer to: * Hanzade Sultan (daughter of Ahmed I) Hanzade Sultan ( ota, خانزادہ سلطان, "''descendent of the Khan''"; 1609 - 21 September 1650) was an Ottoman princess, the daughter of Sultan Ahmed I (r. 1603–1 ...

, the daughter of

Ahmet I Ahmed I ( ota, احمد اول '; tr, I. Ahmed; 18 April 1590 – 22 November 1617) was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1603 until his death in 1617. Ahmed's reign is noteworthy for marking the first breach in the Ottoman tradition of royal ...

(1603–1617) in 1623 while he was still a ''turnacıbaşı''. .

As a governor and a vizier

Bayram Pasha was reputed both in Egypt and in Anatolia for his efforts in construction of public works. He repaired the

city walls A defensive wall is a fortification usually used to protect a city, town or other settlement from potential aggressors. The walls can range from simple palisades or earthworks to extensive military fortifications with towers, bastions and gates ...

of Constantinople and commissioned a mosque and a ''

külliye A külliye ( ota, كلية) is a complex of buildings associated with Turkish architecture centered on a mosque and managed within a single institution, often based on a waqf (charitable foundation) and composed of a madrasa, a Dar al-Shifa ("c ...

'' (religious complex) in the city. Today, the district of

Bayrampaşa Bayrampaşa (pronounced ) is a suburban district of Istanbul, Turkey on the European side of the city. The mayor is Atila Aydıner (AK Party). History Up to 1936, Bayrampaşa was part of Fatih district. It was then part of Eyüp district betwe ...

bears his name. He commissioned an irrigation facility and a caravansarai in Amasya. Bayram Pasha is also known as the commissioner of various inns in Anatolian towns. As grand vizier, Bayram Pasha executed two princes by the order of the sultan. He is also known as the name behind the execution of the famous poet

Nef'i Nefʿī (نفعى) was the pen name (Ottoman Turkish: مخلص ''maḫlaṣ'') of an Ottoman Turkish poet and satirist whose real name was ʿÖmer (عمر) (c. 1572, Hasankale, Erzurum – 1635, Istanbul). Biography Nefʿī came to the Ottoman ...

for writing satirical poems. Nef'i had earlier promised not to compose any more satire, but when he broke this promise, he was executed at the request of Bayram Pasha.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bayram Pasha 1638 deaths Pashas 17th-century Grand Viziers of the Ottoman Empire 17th-century Ottoman governors of Egypt Year of birth unknown People from Lâdik Ottoman governors of Egypt Damats Ottoman people of the Ottoman–Persian Wars

Life

As a groom

As a governor and a vizier

See also

References