The Battle of Mesothen took place from 26-30 September to 1 October 1812, between the Russian Corps of Finland and the French-allied Prussian Auxiliary Corps. It was fought near the Latvian town of
Mežotne (german: Mesothen), then part of the
Courland Governorate.
Background
In September 1812, Russian troops of General
Steinheil entered
Mitau
Jelgava (; german: Mitau, ; see also other names) is a state city in central Latvia about southwest of Riga with 55,972 inhabitants (2019). It is the largest town in the region of Zemgale (Semigalia). Jelgava was the capital of the united ...
,
Gross Eckau and
Bauska
Bauska () is a town in Bauska Municipality, in the Zemgale region of southern Latvia.
Bauska is located from the Latvian capital Riga, 62 km (38.5 mi) from Jelgava and from the Lithuanian border on the busy European route E67. The to ...
without a fight. However, they were spread out and vulnerable to enemy counterattacks. The Prussian command deployed its forces to defend the artillery stationed at the
Bauska Castle and sent small squads to the ford across the river
Lielupe
The Lielupe ( in Latvian literally: ''Large River'', lt, Lielupė, german: Kurländische Aa) is a river in central Latvia. Its length is (the length would reach if the Mēmele River were counted as part of the Lielupe). The surface area o ...
.
Battle
![Ludwig Yorck von Wartenburg](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Ludwig_Yorck_von_Wartenburg.jpg)
On September 29, the Prussians launched a counterattack against the advancing Russian forces and attacked their vanguard at 5 pm. The struggle lasted until late at night and pushed the Russian troops back. On the same night, Ludwig von Yorck sent forces under the command of
Friedrich Kleist against the troops of
Alexander Belgard, which were chasing a retreating Prussian squad on the left bank of the Lielupe. The resulting battle was fought in darkness and involved only infantry units. Vastly outnumbering the enemy, the Prussians forced the Russian troops back and, after having received substantial reinforcements, went on the offensive.
Aftermath
![Fabian F](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Fabian_F._von_Steinheil.jpg)
As a result of the battle, Steinheil called off the advance and returned to
Riga. Although a defeat, the battle eased some of the pressure on the Russian army of
Peter Wittgenstein
, title = 1st Prince of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Ludwigsburg-Berleburg
, image = Pjotr-christianowitsch-wittgenstein.jpg
, image_size =
, caption = Portrait by George Dawe
, birth_date =
, birth_place = Pereias ...
, helping it to eventually capture the city of
Polotsk
Polotsk (russian: По́лоцк; be, По́лацк, translit=Polatsk (BGN/PCGN), Polack (official transliteration); lt, Polockas; pl, Połock) is a historical city in Belarus, situated on the Dvina River. It is the center of the Polotsk Dist ...
on October 20.
[Отечественная война 1812 года (2004), p. 615.]
See also
*
List of battles of the French invasion of Russia
__NOTOC__
This is a list of sieges, land and naval battles of the French invasion of Russia (24 June – 14 December 1812).
See also
* Attrition warfare against Napoleon
* Lists of battles of the French Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars ...
Notes
References
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*
External links
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mesothen, Battle of
Battles of the French invasion of Russia
Battles of the Napoleonic Wars
Battles involving Russia
Battles involving Prussia
Conflicts in 1812
September 1812 events
1812 in Prussia
1812 in the Russian Empire