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The Battle of Khotyn or Battle of Chocim or Hotin War was a battle on 11 November 1673, where the forces of the
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, formally known as the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and, after 1791, as the Commonwealth of Poland, was a bi- confederal state, sometimes called a federation, of Poland and Lithuania ...
under the Grand Hetman of the Polish Crown John Sobieski defeated
Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
forces, with Moldavian and Wallachian regiments, led by Hussain Pasha. It reversed the fortunes of the previous year, when Commonwealth weakness led to the signing of the Treaty of Buchach, and allowed John Sobieski to win the upcoming
royal election Royal may refer to: People * Royal (name), a list of people with either the surname or given name * A member of a royal family Places United States * Royal, Arkansas, an unincorporated community * Royal, Illinois, a village * Royal, Iowa, a ...
and become the
king of Poland Poland was ruled at various times either by dukes and princes (10th to 14th centuries) or by kings (11th to 18th centuries). During the latter period, a tradition of free election of monarchs made it a uniquely electable position in Europe (16t ...
.


Description

Polish-Lithuanian forces were 30,000 strong. The Ottomans commanded 35,000 troops and 120 guns. Rockets made by Kazimierz Siemienowicz were used successfully. The victory allowed the Commonwealth to revoke the unfavourable Peace of Buchach and set the stage for the role Sobieski was to play in the
Battle of Vienna The Battle of Vienna; pl, odsiecz wiedeńska, lit=Relief of Vienna or ''bitwa pod Wiedniem''; ota, Beç Ḳalʿası Muḥāṣarası, lit=siege of Beç; tr, İkinci Viyana Kuşatması, lit=second siege of Vienna took place at Kahlenberg Mo ...
in 1683.


Name

Khotyn ( pl, Chocim; ro, Hotin; tr, Hotin; ua, Хоти́н, Khotyn) was conquered and controlled by many states, resulting in many name changes. Other name variations include ''Chotyn'', or ''Choczim'' (especially in
Polish Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Poles, people from Poland or of Polish descent * Polish chicken *Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin screenwr ...
).


Aftermath

The Turkish forces withdrew from
Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, , is a country in Central Europe. Poland is divided into Voivodeships of Poland, sixteen voivodeships and is the fifth most populous member state of the European Union (EU), with over 38 mill ...
after their supplies and most of their artillery were captured but they retained most of western
Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian invas ...
. Sobieski and the nobles returned to Warsaw for elections following the death of Michael Wisniowiecki, King of Poland, the day before the battle.


Bibliography

*Alan Palmer, ''The Decline and Fall of the Ottoman Empire'', Published by Barnes & Noble Publishing, 1992. .
''Winged Hussars''
Radoslaw Sikora, Bartosz Musialowicz, ''BUM Magazine'', 2016.


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Battle Of Khotyn 1673 Conflicts in 1673 1673 in Europe Khotyn 1673 Khotyn 1673 Khotyn 1673 Khotyn 1673 Khotyn 1673 Military history of Ukraine History of Chernivtsi Oblast Khotyn