''Bathymophila callomphala'' is a

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

sea snail Sea snail is a common name for slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the ...

, a

marine Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean. Marine or marines may refer to: Ocean * Maritime (disambiguation) * Marine art * Marine biology * Marine debris * Marine habitats * Marine life * Marine pollution Military * ...

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...

in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

Solariellidae Solariellidae is a family of small sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Trochoidea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).Gofas, S. (2011). Solariellidae. Accessed through: World Register of ...

.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Bathymophila callomphala'' (Schepman, 1908). Accessed through:

World Register of Marine Species The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive list of names of marine organisms. Content The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scientific specialist ...

at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=547333 on 2012-12-03

Description

(Original description by M. Schepman) The polished, nacreous shell has a depressed-conical, shape. It has a thin, pellucid, white, external layer and often a yellow line below the suture. It contains 4 to 5

whorl A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs). Whorls in nature File:Photograph and axial plane floral ...

s. The nucleus is smooth, the subsequent 2 whorls are microscopically spirally striate, crossed by weaker growth-striae. The last 2½ whorls are smooth, with only very faint, traces of growth-striae and spiral striae, but with a row of oval beads, just below the conspicuous suture. The periphery is rounded. The base of the shell is nearly flat, impressed near the centre, which is more or less filled by a thick callus, which is white, with radiating striae on its external margin, granular near the columellar margin, and is ornamented there, with 4 or 5 granules. The base of the shell round the callus, is likewise provided with radiating grooves. The

aperture In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane. An opt ...

is subtriangularly rounded, very oblique. The outer margin is thin, slightly thickened interiorly. The columellar margin is thickened, its upper end pressed to the

body whorl The body whorl is part of the morphology of the shell in those gastropod mollusks that possess a coiled shell. The term is also sometimes used in a similar way to describe the shell of a cephalopod mollusk. In gastropods In gastropods, the b ...

, with a thin layer connecting the margins. The yellow operculum is externally concave. The shell varies in altitude, in the presence or absence of the yellow subsutural line and especially in the characters of the umbilicus, which is either closed, or more or less open. This is not dependent on age. Bathymophila callomphala 002

The

radula The radula (, ; plural radulae or radulas) is an anatomical structure used by molluscs for feeding, sometimes compared to a tongue. It is a minutely toothed, chitinous ribbon, which is typically used for scraping or cutting food before the food ...

is short, with a rather restricted number of uncini, and the shape of the teeth agrees with that of the known species. The rhachidian tooth has a subquadrate body, narrower in front, with concave upper and convex basal margin. Its cusp is large, longer than the base, with about 4 to 6 denticles on each side of the median denticle. The first lateral has a subquadrate body. Its cusp has very small denticles, at its proximal, more conspicuous ones at its distal margin. The second lateral has a similar body, with larger cusp and more numerous denticles at its distal margin. The body of the third lateral is elongate, with a moderate cusp and only a few denticles. The fourth has a very large cusp, with about 10 small denticles and a rhombic body. Moreover, I see a fifth lateral without cusp. Perhaps this tooth exists in many or in all the species, but it is so much covered by the other teeth in their normal position, that it may be easily overlooked. The uncini are not very numerous, and as far as I can see, they have simple cusps.Schepman 1908-1913, The Prosobranchia of the Siboga Expedition; Leyden,E. J. Brill,1908-13
(described as ''Solariella (Ethaliopsis) callomphala'')

Distribution

This marine species occurs off

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...

References

* Marshall, B.A. (1999). ''A revision of the recent Solariellinae (Gastropoda: Trochoidea) of the New Zealand Region'' . The Nautilus. 113 (1): 4-42 * Poppe G.T., Tagaro S.P. & Dekker H. (2006) T''he Seguenziidae, Chilodontidae, Trochidae, Calliostomatidae and Solariellidae of the Philippine Islands''. Visaya Supplement 2: 1-228. page(s): 128

External links

To Encyclopedia of Life

To World Register of Marine Species
{{Taxonbar, from=Q4869191 callomphala Gastropods described in 1908