William Ernest Bush (1861–1903) aka the Baron de Bush, was the only Freiherr von Bush of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. He was husband of the opera singer

Pauline Joran Pauline Joran (3 August 1870 – 13 August 1954) was an American-born opera singer, whose career took place mostly in the UK. She was the wife of William Ernest Bush, the first and last Baron de Bush, and mother of Paulise de Bush, the "Baby Baro ...

, and father of Paulise de Bush, who became the "Baby Baroness" following his death in a railway accident in 1903.

Early life

William Ernest Bush was born in 1861 is monument at Kensal Green says born 29 October 1860 in

Hackney, London Hackney is a district in East London, England, forming around two-thirds of the area of the modern London Borough of Hackney, to which it gives its name. It is 4 miles (6.4 km) northeast of Charing Cross and includes part of the Queen E ...

, the eldest son of William John Bush, the founder of ''W J Bush & Co Ltd'', a London-based manufacturer of scents and flavourings, some for the pharmaceutical industry, founded in 1851 at

Bishopsgate Bishopsgate was one of the eastern gates in London's former defensive wall. The gate gave its name to the Bishopsgate Ward of the City of London. The ward is traditionally divided into ''Bishopsgate Within'', inside the line wall, and ''Bishop ...

. After William John Bush died in 1889, he was succeeded by his son as head of the company.Richmond, Lesley, Stevenson, Julie, & Torton, Alison, ''The pharmaceutical industry: a guide to historical records'' (Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. 2002) William Ernest Bush was a fellow of the Chemical Society of London. In his professional capacity he acted as the British Juror for Chemicals at the

Antwerp Antwerp (; nl, Antwerpen ; french: Anvers ; es, Amberes) is the largest city in Belgium by area at and the capital of Antwerp Province in the Flemish Region. With a population of 520,504,

International Exhibition in 1885. In 1888 he stood as the President of Chemical Section and was the British Representative on the Supreme Jury of the Brussels Exhibition in 1888. This led to his being granted the title of Freiherr (Baron) von Bush by Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in ducal

letters patent Letters patent ( la, litterae patentes) ( always in the plural) are a type of legal instrument in the form of a published written order issued by a monarch, president or other head of state, generally granting an office, right, monopoly, titl ...

dated 25 December 1889. The Baron de Bush was granted a Royal

license A license (or licence) is an official permission or permit to do, use, or own something (as well as the document of that permission or permit). A license is granted by a party (licensor) to another party (licensee) as an element of an agreeme ...

to use his title in the United Kingdom on 29 July 1896.

Marriage & death

On 6 December 1899, de Bush married Clara Pauline Joran (1870–1954), an American opera singer, daughter of Austrian-born Alois Anton Josef Albin Joran (1830-1901) later known in the USA as Louis Grund Joran of Freeport, Illinois, USA. They had one child, a daughter called Paulise Marie Louise. On 24 July 1903, de Bush died after falling in front of an express train near

Northampton Northampton () is a market town and civil parish in the East Midlands of England, on the River Nene, north-west of London and south-east of Birmingham. The county town of Northamptonshire, Northampton is one of the largest towns in England; ...

while he and his wife were travelling up to Scotland. The title was declared to be extinct in 1910.Melville Henry Massue, Marquis of Ruvigny et Raineval, ''The Nobilities of Europe'' (London, 1910) (for the facsimile reprint (2000)) However, Bush's daughter Paulise (1900–1975) became the Baroness de Bush, and was called "The Baby Baroness" due to being the youngest Baroness in England.Exhibition Catalogue of the 1905 Fiftieth Annual Exhibition of the Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain, page 42 As a Freiin, (the daughter of a Freiherr) Paulise had the right to be addressed as "Baroness", although this could not be passed to her descendants. Control of ''W J Bush & Co Ltd'' passed on to a younger brother, James Mortimer Bush.(1863-1941).

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bush, William Ernest 1861 births 1903 deaths British chemists Railway accident deaths in England People from Hackney Central Barons of Germany