Barnes-Duluth Shipbuilding on:
[Wikipedia]
[Google]
[Amazon]
The McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding Company was a large-scale wartime ship manufacturing
In 1890 iron ore was discovered on the
*''Cedar Spring''
*''Ceralvo'' (wrecked 1941)
*''Cerosco''
*''Cerro Gordo''
*''Chamberino'' (wrecked 1952)
*''Chamblee'' (sunk by mine 1945)
*''Chaperel''
*''Chantier'' (sunk 1933)
*''Chappell'' (bombed and sunk 1943)
*''Chautauqua'' (wrecked 1948)
1919-1920 Cargo ships 4,145 DTW:
*''Lake Flagon''
*''Lake Flagstaff'' (torpedoed and sunk 1942)
*''Lake Flambeau'' (torpedoed and sunk 1942)
*''Lake Flanders'' (sunk 1930)
*''Lake Flatonia''
*''Lake Flattery'' (torpedoed sank 1942)
*''Lake Strymon''
*''La Crosse''
*''Fargo''
*''Sioux Falls''
*''Great Falls'' (wrecked 1942)
*''Lake Floravista'' (wrecked 1952)
*''Lake Florian'' (torpedoed and sunk 1942)
*''Lake Floris'' (torpedoed and sunk 1942)
*''Lake Flournoy'' (torpedoed and sunk 1942)
:Frederickstads type ship for private owners:
1920 Tanker 2417 DWT
*''Theodore F. Reynolds'' (sunk)
*''Julius Kessler''
*''Philip Publicker''
1920 Cargo 3,350 DWT:
*''Josefa''
*''Antonio'' (torpedoed and sunk 1942)
Canal motorship 1921 1,040 DWT, for New York State Barge Canal
* SS ''Day Peckinpaugh'' / I.L.I. 101, May 1921. now museum ship
*I.L.I. 102, May 1921.
*I.L.I. 103, May 1921.
*I.L.I. 104, May 1921.
*I.L.I. 105, July 1921 (Hull # 45, last McDougall Duluth ship)
Julius H. Barnes purchased the shipyard from McDougall in 1922 and renamed it Barnes-Duluth Shipbuilding. The shipyard continued to build private ships between the world wars. For World War II the yard built fully outfitted warships.
Some of Barnes-Duluth Shipbuilding ships:
Coastal tanker
In 1943 Barnes-Duluth built 12 T1-M-A1 tanker also called a small a Coastal tanker. The tanker was diesel-powered with: 800 hp, 10 knots max. Tonnage Deadweight: 1,600, Tonnage Full Load: 2,900, Dimensions: 221 feet long, Width 37 ft. The 12 ships were loaned to Britain under Lease/ Lend terms.
*''Tarentum'' (Hull # 1, May 1943)
*''Titusville''
*''Mannington''
*''Salt Creek''
*''Glen Pool''
*''Jennings''
*''Tonkawa''
*''Cromwell''
*''Benton Field''
*''Rio Bravo'' (torpedoed and sunk 1942)
*''Walnut Bend''
*''Loma Novia''
Lake tankers, 3,401 DWT built in 1943:
*''Carpito''
*''San Joaquin'' (wrecked 1960)
*''Temblador''
*''San Cristobal'' (sunk 1965)
*''Guarico''
*''Guiria''
*''Valera'' (torpedoed and sunk 1944)
Cargo ship type N3-S-A2 2,757 DWT, built in 1944:
*''David R. Le Craw'' (Sunk 1958)
*''James Miller''
*''Samuel Samuels'' (Sunk 1965)
*''Joseph Hamilton''
*''John D. Whidden''
*''George W. Brown''
*''George Crocker''
*''Frank Dale'' (June 1944, Hull # 27, last Barnes-Duluth ship)
Walter Butler purchased the shipyard from Barnes in 1943 and renamed it Walter Butler Shipbuilders.
For World War II Walter Butler Shipbuilders Duluth built under the Emergency Shipbuilding Program C1-M type ships. The Duluth yard closed in 1945, as all war contacts ended and there was a surplus of ships at the end of the war. Walter Butler also had a shipyard in Superior, Wisconsin from 1942 to 1945 for building warships. Walter Butler shipbuilding was a family company started in 1877 as the Butler Brothers Shipbuilders, then 
* (Hull # 328, August 1944)
*
* (wrecked 1946)
*
* ''Kenneth E. Gruennert'' (wrecked 1953)
*
* ''Joe P. Martinez''
*
*''Alexander R. Nininger, Jr.''
*''Roband Hitch''
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
* (Hull # 345, August 1945, last Walter Butler Duluth ship)
Symphony Boat Company, location
/ref>
*Riverside Company Town Band and Baseball team in 1918, workers of the McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding Company. , The band played noon lunchtime concerts during the workweek and played at the 1919 Minnesota State Fair. Riverside Company Town had two baseball teams: The ''Cubs of the shipyard'' and the ''Giants from the iron works'' from US steel.
*Map of Riverside company town in 1918 and the McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding shipyard:
Julius H. Barnes, owner of Barnes-Duluth Shipbuilding from 1922 to 1943
The McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding Company was a large-scale wartime ship manufacturing shipyard
A shipyard, also called a dockyard or boatyard, is a place where ships are built and repaired. These can be yachts, military vessels, cruise liners or other cargo or passenger ships. Dockyards are sometimes more associated with maintenance a ...
, located at the city of Riverside, near Duluth. McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding was at 110 Spring Street, Duluth, Minnesota, now the site of the West Duluth's Spirit Lake Marina. The shipyard was located on St. Louis River Estuary at western part of Lake Superior. McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding Company was found by Alexander McDougall (1845-1923) in 1917 to built ships for World War I. McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding Company and the Superior Shipbuilding Company
The Superior Shipbuilding Company was originally called the American Steel Barge Company, and based in Duluth, Minnesota. It was founded by Scottish Captain Alexander McDougall who founded it so he could produce his new whaleback ship, this was ...
(now Fraser Shipyards Fraser may refer to:
Places Antarctica
* Fraser Point, South Orkney Islands
Australia
* Fraser, Australian Capital Territory, a suburb in the Canberra district of Belconnen
* Division of Fraser (Australian Capital Territory), a former federal ele ...
) were called the Twin Ports shipbuilding industry of Minnesota and Wisconsin. Once built the ships can travel to the Atlantic Ocean through the Great Lakes and the Saint Lawrence Seaway.
History
In 1890 iron ore was discovered on the Mesabi Range
The Mesabi Iron Range is a mining district in northeastern Minnesota following an elongate trend containing large deposits of iron ore. It is the largest of four major iron ranges in the region collectively known as the Iron Range of Minnesota. ...
, this turned Duluth into a major shipping port. Duluth Works
The Duluth Works was an industrial steel and cement manufacturing complex located in Duluth, Minnesota, United States, in operation 1915 to 1987. The complex was operated by the United States Steel Corporation. Officially, the plant's purpose was t ...
and other steel plants opened. The supply of steel opened western Duluth to shipbuilding. Before McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding Company opened in 1917, Alexander McDougall built 7 whaleback barges of his own new design in Duluth starting in 1887. With the success of the whaleback barge, Alexander McDougall opened the first shipyard on Lake Superior, (were Fraser Shipyards is now) in December 1891, that built whalebacks, like the Model 101, and steamship
A steamship, often referred to as a steamer, is a type of steam-powered vessel, typically ocean-faring and seaworthy, that is propelled by one or more steam engines that typically move (turn) propellers or paddlewheels. The first steamships ...
s used for bulk cargo and passenger ship
A passenger ship is a merchant ship whose primary function is to carry passengers on the sea. The category does not include cargo vessels which have accommodations for limited numbers of passengers, such as the ubiquitous twelve-passenger freig ...
s on the Great Lakes. His company was the American Steel Barge Company, which he sold in 1900 and became the Superior Shipbuilding Company
The Superior Shipbuilding Company was originally called the American Steel Barge Company, and based in Duluth, Minnesota. It was founded by Scottish Captain Alexander McDougall who founded it so he could produce his new whaleback ship, this was ...
, later this became the Knudsen Brothers Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company and in 1955 the Fraser Shipyards.
Samples of Alexander McDougall whalebacks:
*
*
*
McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding Company
Alexander McDougall opened the McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding Company due to the demand for ships for World War I. The new McDougall Duluth Shipyard was 6 miles west of his former yard on Lake Superior. Due to the growing steel and ship industries, many immigrates came to Duluth. The West Duluth riverfront had two large companies and company towns: U.S. Steel Works's city of Morgan Park that opened in 1913 and McDougall's city of Riverside that opened in 1917, with 3,000 living there. Riverside had for its workers an 800-seat theater, hospital, clubhouse, general store, monthly newspaper ''Riverside Review'' and boathouse. The town's school open in 1920 and closed in 1982. Alexander McDougall's son, Alexander Miller McDougall (1884-1951), andJulius H. Barnes
Julius Howland Barnes (February 2, 1873 – April 17, 1959) was an American industrialist and government official who served as chairman and president of the United States Chamber of Commerce. He played a role in the United States Food Administra ...
did the day-to-day running of the town and shipyard. In 1922 Barnes also became the president of the U. S. Chamber of Commerce
The United States Chamber of Commerce (USCC) is the largest lobbying group in the United States, representing over three million businesses and organizations. The group was founded in April 1912 out of local chambers of commerce at the urging ...
.
Some of ships built at McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding Company:
1918 Oiler tanker
* 1917-1918
1918 Coal ships for World War I:
Private contracts:
*The USS ''Lakemoor'' or USS ''Lake Moor'' (Hull # 2 ID-215770) was torpedoed and sank on April 11, 1918, on maiden voyage as Navy coal ship (ID 2180), during World War I by U-boat in the Irish sea, off Corsewall Lighthouse
Corsewall Lighthouse is a lighthouse at Corsewall Point, Kirkcolm near Stranraer in the region of Dumfries and Galloway in Scotland. First lit in 1817, it overlooks the North Channel of the Irish Sea. The definition of the name Corsewall is t ...
, Scotland. Lost were 46 crew members. Ship named after Lakemoor, Illinois.
*The USS ''Lake Traverse'' (ID-2782) (Hull #3) (21615), Navy coal ship 1918–1919, In 1925 operated as private ship, took on water due steel plate failure and sank near Tortuga Island, Haiti
Haiti (; ht, Ayiti ; French: ), officially the Republic of Haiti (); ) and formerly known as Hayti, is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba and Jamaica, and ...
in the Caribbean
The Caribbean (, ) ( es, El Caribe; french: la Caraïbe; ht, Karayib; nl, De Caraïben) is a region of the Americas that consists of the Caribbean Sea, its islands (some surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and some bordering both the Caribbean Se ...
on July 6, 1955. Ordered as SS ''War Centaur'', name changed before delivery in April 1918. Named after Lake Traverse.
War contracts:
*
*
*
*The USS ''Lake Portage'' (Hull# 4) (216409) was torpedoed and sank on August 3, 1918, during World War I by just south of Audierne, France. Lost were three crew members and six with burns.
*The USS ''Lake Indian'' (ID-4215-A) (216990), no Navy service, took on water and sank on January 25, 1927, near Sand Key Light
Sand Key Light is a lighthouse southwest of Key West, Florida, between Sand Key Channel and Rock Key Channel, two of the channels into Key West, on a reef intermittently covered by sand. At times the key has been substantial enough to have trees, ...
, Florida.
* SS ''Lake Markham'' (Hull # 5 ID 216587, ID-4215-C) ordered as SS ''Allette'', no Navy service, SS ''Chicago'' in 1927, scrapped in 1937.
* SS ''Lake Helen'' (Hull # 8 ID 216892) ordered as, before delivery SS ''Macon''. Renamed SS ''York'' in 1926, SS ''Skogak'' in 1929, SS ''Kama'' in 1933, and scrapped in 1970
1919 Cargo ships 3,600 DTW: Emergency Fleet ship
*''Cedar Spring''
*''Ceralvo'' (wrecked 1941)
*''Cerosco''
*''Cerro Gordo''
*''Chamberino'' (wrecked 1952)
*''Chamblee'' (sunk by mine 1945)
*''Chaperel''
*''Chantier'' (sunk 1933)
*''Chappell'' (bombed and sunk 1943)
*''Chautauqua'' (wrecked 1948)
1919-1920 Cargo ships 4,145 DTW:
*''Lake Flagon''
*''Lake Flagstaff'' (torpedoed and sunk 1942)
*''Lake Flambeau'' (torpedoed and sunk 1942)
*''Lake Flanders'' (sunk 1930)
*''Lake Flatonia''
*''Lake Flattery'' (torpedoed sank 1942)
*''Lake Strymon''
*''La Crosse''
*''Fargo''
*''Sioux Falls''
*''Great Falls'' (wrecked 1942)
*''Lake Floravista'' (wrecked 1952)
*''Lake Florian'' (torpedoed and sunk 1942)
*''Lake Floris'' (torpedoed and sunk 1942)
*''Lake Flournoy'' (torpedoed and sunk 1942)
:Frederickstads type ship for private owners:
1920 Tanker 2417 DWT
*''Theodore F. Reynolds'' (sunk)
*''Julius Kessler''
*''Philip Publicker''
1920 Cargo 3,350 DWT:
*''Josefa''
*''Antonio'' (torpedoed and sunk 1942)
Canal motorship 1921 1,040 DWT, for New York State Barge Canal
* SS ''Day Peckinpaugh'' / I.L.I. 101, May 1921. now museum ship
*I.L.I. 102, May 1921.
*I.L.I. 103, May 1921.
*I.L.I. 104, May 1921.
*I.L.I. 105, July 1921 (Hull # 45, last McDougall Duluth ship)
Barnes-Duluth Shipbuilding
Julius H. Barnes purchased the shipyard from McDougall in 1922 and renamed it Barnes-Duluth Shipbuilding. The shipyard continued to build private ships between the world wars. For World War II the yard built fully outfitted warships.
Some of Barnes-Duluth Shipbuilding ships:
Coastal tanker
In 1943 Barnes-Duluth built 12 T1-M-A1 tanker also called a small a Coastal tanker. The tanker was diesel-powered with: 800 hp, 10 knots max. Tonnage Deadweight: 1,600, Tonnage Full Load: 2,900, Dimensions: 221 feet long, Width 37 ft. The 12 ships were loaned to Britain under Lease/ Lend terms.
*''Tarentum'' (Hull # 1, May 1943)
*''Titusville''
*''Mannington''
*''Salt Creek''
*''Glen Pool''
*''Jennings''
*''Tonkawa''
*''Cromwell''
*''Benton Field''
*''Rio Bravo'' (torpedoed and sunk 1942)
*''Walnut Bend''
*''Loma Novia''
Lake tankers, 3,401 DWT built in 1943:
*''Carpito''
*''San Joaquin'' (wrecked 1960)
*''Temblador''
*''San Cristobal'' (sunk 1965)
*''Guarico''
*''Guiria''
*''Valera'' (torpedoed and sunk 1944)
Cargo ship type N3-S-A2 2,757 DWT, built in 1944:
*''David R. Le Craw'' (Sunk 1958)
*''James Miller''
*''Samuel Samuels'' (Sunk 1965)
*''Joseph Hamilton''
*''John D. Whidden''
*''George W. Brown''
*''George Crocker''
*''Frank Dale'' (June 1944, Hull # 27, last Barnes-Duluth ship)
Walter Butler Shipbuilders
Walter Butler purchased the shipyard from Barnes in 1943 and renamed it Walter Butler Shipbuilders.
For World War II Walter Butler Shipbuilders Duluth built under the Emergency Shipbuilding Program C1-M type ships. The Duluth yard closed in 1945, as all war contacts ended and there was a surplus of ships at the end of the war. Walter Butler also had a shipyard in Superior, Wisconsin from 1942 to 1945 for building warships. Walter Butler shipbuilding was a family company started in 1877 as the Butler Brothers Shipbuilders, then Walter Butler Shipbuilders Inc.
Walter Butler Shipbuilders Inc. was a large-scale World War II ship manufacturing shipyard, located at Superior, Wisconsin. Walter Butler purchased the shipyard from Lake Superior Shipbuilding in 1942. Walter Butler Shipbuilders Inc. was at E ...
the brother pass the yard to Robert Butler (1897-1955).
Some of Walter Butler Shipbuilders Duluth ships:
C1-M-AV1 cargo ships, 2239 tons, 3,805 DWT:
* (Hull # 328, August 1944)
*
* (wrecked 1946)
*
* ''Kenneth E. Gruennert'' (wrecked 1953)
*
* ''Joe P. Martinez''
*
*''Alexander R. Nininger, Jr.''
*''Roband Hitch''
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
* (Hull # 345, August 1945, last Walter Butler Duluth ship)
Spirit Lake Marina
The current site is the Spirit Lake Marina, also called West Duluth Marina, which has docks and berths for recreational boats on the river and lake. Today there are only two buildings left standing from the original shipyard campus of over two dozen buildings.Symphony Boat Company
In 2014, commercial boat building started again, Symphony Boat Company is building recreational boats at the marina. The shipyard is active for the first time since 1945./ref>
Gallery
*Panel photos of McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding Company in 1918:
*Riverside Company Town Band and Baseball team in 1918, workers of the McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding Company. , The band played noon lunchtime concerts during the workweek and played at the 1919 Minnesota State Fair. Riverside Company Town had two baseball teams: The ''Cubs of the shipyard'' and the ''Giants from the iron works'' from US steel.
*Map of Riverside company town in 1918 and the McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding shipyard:
Julius H. Barnes, owner of Barnes-Duluth Shipbuilding from 1922 to 1943
See also
*Great Lakes Engineering Works
The Great Lakes Engineering Works (GLEW) was a leading shipbuilding company with a shipyard in Ecorse, Michigan, that operated between 1902 and 1960. Within three years of its formation, it was building fifty percent of the tonnage of all ships ...
* Collingwood Shipbuilding Company
* Defoe Shipbuilding Company
*Manitowoc Shipbuilding Company
Manitowoc Shipbuilding Company, located in Manitowoc, Wisconsin, was a major shipbuilder for the Great Lakes. It was founded in 1902, and made mainly steel ferry, ferries and ore haulers. During World War II, it built submarines, Landing Craft Ta ...
*American Ship Building Company
The American Ship Building Company was the dominant shipbuilder on the Great Lakes before the World War II, Second World War. It started as Cleveland Shipbuilding in Cleveland, Ohio in 1888 and opened the yard in Lorain, Ohio in 1898. It changed ...
* Attack on Pearl Harbor
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding Great Lakes Lake Superior United States home front during World War II Defunct shipbuilding companies of the United States McDougall Duluth Shipbuilding