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The dark nebula Barnard 203 or Lynds 1448 is located about one
The source IRS 1 is a class I young stellar object and a binary. IRS 1 is more evolved than most of the protostars in this region and less well-studied.
The source IRS 2 is a binary that is very young (class 0 young stellar object), surrounded by a rotating disk and the system shows a bipolar outflow signature. The system has an hourglass shaped
degree
Degree may refer to:
As a unit of measurement
* Degree (angle), a unit of angle measurement
** Degree of geographical latitude
** Degree of geographical longitude
* Degree symbol (°), a notation used in science, engineering, and mathematics
...
southwest of NGC 1333
NGC 1333 is a reflection nebula located in the northern constellation Perseus, positioned next to the southern constellation border with Taurus and Aries. It was first discovered by German astronomer Eduard Schönfeld in 1855. The nebula is visib ...
in the Perseus molecular cloud
The Perseus molecular cloud (Per MCld) is a nearby (~1000 ly) giant molecular cloud in the constellation of Perseus and contains over 10,000 solar masses of gas and dust covering an area of 6 by 2 degrees. Unlike the Orion molecular cloud it is a ...
, at a distance of about 800 light-years. Three infrared sources were observed in this region by IRAS, called IRS 1, IRS 2 and IRS 3.
The region also contains multiple Herbig-Haro objects, including HH 193–197, which are driven by the protostars in this region.
The young stellar object population
The source IRS 1 is a class I young stellar object and a binary. IRS 1 is more evolved than most of the protostars in this region and less well-studied.
The source IRS 2 is a binary that is very young (class 0 young stellar object), surrounded by a rotating disk and the system shows a bipolar outflow signature. The system has an hourglass shaped magnetic field
A magnetic field is a vector field that describes the magnetic influence on moving electric charges, electric currents, and magnetic materials. A moving charge in a magnetic field experiences a force perpendicular to its own velocity and to ...
that is aligned with the bipolar outflow. Towards the east is the source IRS 2E, a source between a pre-stellar core and a protostar.
The source IRS 3B was studied the most and ALMA
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showed that it is a triple
Triple is used in several contexts to mean "threefold" or a "treble":
Sports
* Triple (baseball), a three-base hit
* A basketball three-point field goal
* A figure skating jump with three rotations
* In bowling terms, three strikes in a row
* In ...
protostar system with one star forming via disk fragmentation. The two outer stars are separated by 61 and 183 astronomical units from the central star and all three stars are surrounded by a circumstellar disk that shows spiral arms. IRS 3B is a class 0 young stellar object and might be younger than 150,000 years. The two protostellar objects in the center have a mass of about 1 and the protostar further from the center has a mass of about 0.085 . The disk that surrounds the three protostars has an estimated mass of about 0.30 . The sources IRS 3A, B and C show molecular outflows. IRS 3 is also called L1448N.
Another well-studied source in this region is called L1448-mm or L1448C. It is a class 0 young stellar object that drives a highly collimated flow, detected in carbon monoxide, Silicon monoxide and water.
References
Dark nebulae Nebulae Barnard objects Star-forming regions Perseus (constellation) {{Nebula-stub