The Barmaley (
Russian
Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including:
*Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries
*Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...
: Бармалей) is an informal name of a
fountain
A fountain, from the Latin "fons" (genitive "fontis"), meaning source or Spring (hydrology), spring, is a decorative reservoir used for discharging water. It is also a structure that jets water into the air for a decorative or dramatic effect. ...
in the city of
Volgograd
Volgograd ( rus, Волгогра́д, a=ru-Volgograd.ogg, p=vəɫɡɐˈɡrat), geographical renaming, formerly Tsaritsyn (russian: Цари́цын, Tsarítsyn, label=none; ) (1589–1925), and Stalingrad (russian: Сталингра́д, Stal ...
(formerly known as Stalingrad). Its official name is Children's Khorovod (Round Dance). The statue is of a
circle of six children dancing the
khorovod
The khorovod or horovod ( rus, хорово́д, p=xərɐˈvot, uk, хоровод, translit=khorovod or uk, коло, translit=kolo, label=none, be, карагод , bg, хоро, pl, korowód) is an East Slavs, East Slavic and pagan art ...
around a crocodile. While the original fountain was removed in the 1950s, two replicas were installed in 2013.
History
The original fountain is believed to have been installed in the 1930s, when the
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
was being adorned with various outdoor architectural works, including similar fountains designed by sculptor
Romuald Iodko, a co-author of the ''
Girl with an Oar
The ''Girl with an Oar'' (russian: Девушка с веслом) is an archetypal example of Socialist Realism in outdoors architecture of the Soviet Union, "an idiom of the Soviet kitsch". Numerous gypsum alabaster versions authored by Ivan ...
'', an archetype of the Soviet kitsch. The Barmaley Fountain was made widely known from several August 1942 photographs by
Emmanuil Evzerikhin that juxtaposed the carnage of the
Battle of Stalingrad
The Battle of Stalingrad (23 August 19422 February 1943) was a major battle on the Eastern Front of World War II where Nazi Germany and its allies unsuccessfully fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad (later re ...
with the image of children at play.
The fountain was restored after
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
and was removed in the 1950s. A replica was installed at the original site for the 23 August 2013, 71st anniversary of the Battle of Stalingrad.
Two replicas of the fountain were installed in 2013 at different locations in Volgograd, one of them nearby the very same railway station. A
terrorist attack in December 2013 once more placed the fountain against the scene of destruction, reminiscent of the wartime photo.
File:Открытие фонтана.jpeg
File:Бармалей фонтан.jpg
File:Реплика фонтана Бармалей.JPG,
Another replica was installed near the
Gergardt Mill.
The statue featured prominently in the films ''
Enemy at the Gates
''Enemy at the Gates'' (''Stalingrad'' in France and ''L'Ennemi aux portes'' in Canada) is a 2001 war film directed, co-written, and produced by Jean-Jacques Annaud, based on William Craig's 1973 nonfiction book '' Enemy at the Gates: The Batt ...
'', ''
Stalingrad
Volgograd ( rus, Волгогра́д, a=ru-Volgograd.ogg, p=vəɫɡɐˈɡrat), geographical renaming, formerly Tsaritsyn (russian: Цари́цын, Tsarítsyn, label=none; ) (1589–1925), and Stalingrad (russian: Сталингра́д, Stal ...
'' and a similar statue was seen in ''
V for Vendetta
''V for Vendetta'' is a British graphic novel written by Alan Moore and illustrated by David Lloyd (with additional art by Tony Weare). Initially published between 1982 and 1985 in black and white as an ongoing serial in the British antholog ...
''. It is also seen in the film ''
A Clockwork Orange
''A Clockwork Orange'' may refer to:
* ''A Clockwork Orange'' (novel), a 1962 novel by Anthony Burgess
** ''A Clockwork Orange'' (film), a 1971 film directed by Stanley Kubrick based on the novel
*** ''A Clockwork Orange'' (soundtrack), the film ...
'', in the documentary footage shown to the main character
Alex
Alex is a given name. It can refer to a shortened version of Alexander, Alexandra, Alexis.
People
Multiple
*Alex Brown (disambiguation), multiple people
* Alex Gordon (disambiguation), multiple people
*Alex Harris (disambiguation), multiple pe ...
as part of the sinister aversion therapy to "cure" him of "ultra-violence".
In December 1943,
Edith Segal
Edith Segal (November 11, 1902 – 1997) was a Jewish-American choreographer, dancer, poet and songwriter.
Early life
Born and raised in New York City to immigrant parents, Segal chose to pursue a professional career in dance against the wishes o ...
's choreographed work, ''The Magic Fountain'', inspired by the picture of the fountain was held at
Carnegie Hall
Carnegie Hall ( ) is a concert venue in Midtown Manhattan in New York City. It is at 881 Seventh Avenue (Manhattan), Seventh Avenue, occupying the east side of Seventh Avenue between West 56th Street (Manhattan), 56th and 57th Street (Manhatta ...
.
Name
The allegory of the monument was derived from the eponymous fairy tale poem ''
Barmaley'' written in 1925 by
Korney Chukovsky
Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky ( rus, Корне́й Ива́нович Чуко́вский, p=kɐrˈnʲej ɪˈvanəvʲɪtɕ tɕʊˈkofskʲɪj, a=Kornyey Ivanovich Chukovskiy.ru.vorb.oga; 31 March NS 1882 – 28 October 1969) was one of the most p ...
. Excerpt (literal translation):
While being burned in fire by Barmaley,
Doctor Aybolit
Doctor Aybolit (russian: Доктор Айболит, ''Doktor Aibolit'') is a fictional character from the children's poems ''Aybolit'' (1929) and ''Barmaley'' (1925) by Korney Chukovsky, as well as from the children's fantastic novella ''Doctor ...
asked a crocodile brought in by a gorilla to swallow up Barmaley, so that he could no longer harm little children. The crocodile did so, but Barmaley was later released after promising to change. Barmaley became nicer and proclaimed he would be kinder, that he now loved little children and would become a friendly baker.
References
External links
{{Coord, 48.712498, N, 44.513486, E, format=dms, region:RU-VGG_type:event_scale:50000, display=title
Monuments and memorials built in the Soviet Union
Fountains in Russia
Rebuilt buildings and structures in Russia
Monuments and memorials in Volgograd