Bari ( so, Bari, ar, ุจุงุฑู) is an administrative region ('' gobol'') in northeastern
Somalia
Somalia, , Osmanya script: ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐; ar, ุงูุตูู ุงู, aแนฃ-แนขลซmฤl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constituti ...
.โน
Overview
It is bordered by
Sool
Sool ( so, Sool, ar, ุตูู) is an administrative region ('' gobol'') in south eastern Somaliland/north western Somalia. It borders Togdheer to the west, Sanaag to the north, Ethiopia to the south and Nugal, Bari to the east. Its capital city ...
and
Sanaag
Sanag ( so, Sanaag, ar, ุณูููุงุฌ) is an administrative region (''Administrative divisions of Somaliland, gobol'') in north eastern Somaliland.Nugal to the south, the
Gulf of Aden
The Gulf of Aden ( ar, ุฎููุฌ ุนุฏู, so, Gacanka Cadmeed ๐ ๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐) is a deepwater gulf of the Indian Ocean between Yemen to the north, the Arabian Sea to the east, Djibouti to the west, and the Guardafui Channe ...
to the north and the
Guardafui Channel
The Guardafui Channel ( so, Marinka Gardafuul) is an oceanic strait off the tip of the Horn of Africa that lies between the Puntland region of Somalia and Socotra to the west of the Arabian Sea. It connects the Gulf of Aden to the north with the ...
to the east. It is located the tip of the
Horn of Africa
The Horn of Africa (HoA), also known as the Somali Peninsula, is a large peninsula and geopolitical region in East Africa.Robert Stock, ''Africa South of the Sahara, Second Edition: A Geographical Interpretation'', (The Guilford Press; 2004), ...
. Its name, Bari, literally means ''East'' in Somali.
In terms of landmass, Bari is the largest province in the Federal Republic of Somalia. The highest point in this region is Mount Bahaya, the third tallest mountain in Somalia with an elevation of 2120 meters; other notable peaks include
Karkaar
Karkaar is a mountain range which ranges from Somalia's northwestern border with Ethiopia, until Cape Guardafui.The State of the Environment in Somalia: A Desk Study, page 10, 2005 It is also an administrative region defined by the autonomous Punt ...
and
Cal Miskaad
Cal Miskaad (also Calmiskaad, Al Miskad; so, Buuraha Cal Miskaad; ar, ุงูู ุณูุงุฏ, สฟAlamiskad) is a mountain range in Somalia. It stretches across an area between the east of Karin, Somalia, to the tip of the Horn of Africa. Its peak sits ...
mountains.
Demographics
Most of the inhabitants of the Bari region belong to the Somali ethnic group; in particular the Deshiishe, majority of
Majeerteen
The Majeerteen ( so, Majeerteen, ar, ู ุงุฌุฑุชูู; also spelled Majerteen, Macherten, Majertain, or Mijurtin) is a sub-clan. It is one of the major Somali groups, with a vast traditional territory spanning 3 major regions of Somalia: Bari, ...
clans and also some of
Leelkase
The Leelkase or LailkaseUnited Nations Security CouncilLetter dated 21 November 2006 from the Chairman of the Security Council Committee... p. 20 or Lelkase ( so, Laylkase, ar, ููููุณุฉ) (''Hussein bin Abdirahman bin Is'mail bin Ibrahim al J ...
Madhiban
The Madhiban ('), also known as Gaboye,
They are also referred to as Midgaan, an appellation which is sometimes used pejoratively. The Madhiban have been one of the low status castes among the Somalis, along with Tumal and others.
Distribution a ...
According to the 2015 Population Estimation Survey, the population was 1,887,568 inhabitants. This figure combines both the rural and urban populations of Bari as well all IDPs (internally displaced persons).
Administrative divisions
In the official
administrative divisions of Somalia
Somalia is officially divided into 18 administrative regions (''gobollo'', singular ''gobol'') . These are in turn subdivided into seventy-two districts (plural ''degmooyin''; singular ''degmo'')
On a ''de facto'' basis, northern Somalia is no ...
, the Bari region consists of the following seven districts:
* Ufayn District
*
Alula District
Alula District ( so, Caluula District) is a district in the northeastern Bari region of Somalia. Its capital lies at Alula. This district contains Cape Guardafui, the very northeastern tip of the Horn of Africa. In the northeast, it faces the Gu ...
Iskushuban District
Iskushuban District ( so, Degmada Iskushuban) is a district in the northeastern Bari region of Somalia. Its capital lies at Iskushuban
Iskushuban ( so, Iskushubaan) is a small town in the northeastern Bari province of Somalia on the Horn of Af ...
*
Qandala District
Qandala District ( so, Degmada Qandala), also spelled Candala District is a district in the northeastern Bari region of Somalia. Its capital lies at Qandala
Qandala (also known as Candala, Andala, Bender Chor, Bandar Kor, Bender Kor or Taba Te ...
*
Qardho District
Qardho District ( so, Degmada Qardho) is a district in the region in Puntland, Somalia. The district had previously been in the northeastern Bari region before this was split into two. Its capital lies at Qardho
Qardho ( so, Qardho, ar, ูุฑ ...
In 1998, Bari became a part of
Puntland
Puntland ( so, Puntland, ar, ุฃุฑุถ ุงูุจูุท, it, Terra di Punt or ''Paese di Punt''), officially the Puntland State of Somalia ( so, Dowlad Goboleedka Puntland ee Soomaaliya, ar, ููุงูุฉ ุฃุฑุถ ุงูุจูุท ุงูุตูู ุงููุฉ), is a F ...
, an autonomous region in northeastern Somalia. In the ''Transitional Constitution of the Puntland Regional Government'' of 2001, Puntland's territory is defined in terms of Somalia's official regions, Bari being one of them.
In the years thereafter, Puntland changed its internal administrative division, and the Bari region was split in two: the southern half, roughly coinciding with the
Qardho
Qardho ( so, Qardho, ar, ูุฑุถู), also known as Gardo, is a city in the northeastern Bari region of Somalia, a district within the autonomous state of Puntland.
History Until Somalia's Independence
Qardho is one of a series of ancient settleme ...
and Bandarbayla Districts, became the new region of
Karkaar
Karkaar is a mountain range which ranges from Somalia's northwestern border with Ethiopia, until Cape Guardafui.The State of the Environment in Somalia: A Desk Study, page 10, 2005 It is also an administrative region defined by the autonomous Punt ...
(also spelled as Karkar). It was subdivided into five new districts: Qardho, Bandarbayla,
Waiye
Waiye ( so, Waaciye) is a town in the Bari province of the autonomous Puntland region in northeastern Somalia. Waiye was proposed as a district by the Somali government in 1990, but because the town didn't go through the entire process, its desig ...
, Rako and Hafun Armo District. The northern half continued to be known as Bari and was split into seven districts: five of them keeping their original names (
Bosaso
Bosaso ( so, Boosaaso, ar, ุจูุตุงุตู), historically known as Bender Cassim is a city in the northeastern Bari province ('' gobol'') of Somalia. It is the seat of the Bosaso District. Located on the southern coast of the Gulf of Aden, the mun ...
,
Iskushuban
Iskushuban ( so, Iskushubaan) is a small town in the northeastern Bari province of Somalia on the Horn of Africa. A historical settlement, it is situated in the autonomous Puntland state. It lies along the 50th meridian east.
Overview
Iskushub ...
Qandala
Qandala (also known as Candala, Andala, Bender Chor, Bandar Kor, Bender Kor or Taba Tege) is an ancient port town in the northeastern Bari province of Somalia.
Overview
Qandala sits on a wadi estuary, which forms a natural protective harbor fo ...
and
Alula
The alula , or bastard wing, (plural ''alulae'') is a small projection on the anterior edge of the wing of modern birds and a few non-avian dinosaurs. The word is Latin and means "winglet"; it is the diminutive of ''ala'', meaning "wing". The al ...
), as well as three new ones: Carmo, District, Tisjiic, District, and
Bargal
Bargal ( so, Baargaal, ar, ุจุงุฑุฌุงู) is a town in the northeastern Bari region of Puntland, Somalia.
Location
Bargal is situated in the mountainous Bari province of the autonomous Puntland state. It serves as the center of the Bargal Dis ...
.
Radio Galkacyo reported on 19 April 2011 that a new administration, called Raas Asayr, had been declared in parts of Bari Region. Farah Mahmud Yusuf was reported to have been elected as its president. Later, Barre Fatah Said there were possibilities of starting negotiation between Puntland Government and the founders of Raas Assayr state. The leaders of this prospective polity retracted their claims a few months later in June 2012, indicating that they now supported Puntland and were satisfied with the Puntland authorities' new development projects in the region.
On 8 April 2013, the Puntland government announced the creation of a new region named
Gardafuul
Gardafuul is a region in north-west Puntland, Somalia. It is an administrative province of Puntland created in 2013 that was carved out of the Bari Province. It is named after Marinka Gardafuul (Guardafui Channel). Most locals work as fisherman ...
. Carved out of the Bari region, it consists of three districts and has its capital at
Alula
The alula , or bastard wing, (plural ''alulae'') is a small projection on the anterior edge of the wing of modern birds and a few non-avian dinosaurs. The word is Latin and means "winglet"; it is the diminutive of ''ala'', meaning "wing". The al ...