Banū Tamīm ( ar, بَنُو تَمِيم) is an Arab tribe that originated in

Najd Najd ( ar, نَجْدٌ, ), or the Nejd, forms the geographic center of Saudi Arabia, accounting for about a third of the country's modern population and, since the Emirate of Diriyah, acting as the base for all unification campaigns by the H ...

in the

Arabian Peninsula The Arabian Peninsula, (; ar, شِبْهُ الْجَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّة, , "Arabian Peninsula" or , , "Island of the Arabs") or Arabia, is a peninsula of Western Asia, situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian Plate ...

. It is mainly present in Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, Jordan, Algeria, and has a strong presence in Morocco,

Palestine __NOTOC__ Palestine may refer to: * State of Palestine, a state in Western Asia * Palestine (region), a geographic region in Western Asia * Palestinian territories, territories occupied by Israel since 1967, namely the West Bank (including East ...

, Tunisia, and Libya. It is also present in many other parts of the Arab world such as Egypt and

Khuzestan Khuzestan Province (also spelled Xuzestan; fa, استان خوزستان ''Ostān-e Xūzestān'') is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the southwest of the country, bordering Iraq and the Persian Gulf. Its capital is Ahvaz and it covers ...

in Iran. The word ''Tamim'' in Arabic means strong and solid. It can also mean those who strive for perfection.

History and origin

The traditional family tree of Banu Tamim is as follows: Tamim bin Murr bin 'Id bin Amr bin Ilyas bin Mudar bin Nizar bin Ma'ad bin Adnan - a distant descendant of Isma'il bin

Ibrahim Ibrahim ( ar, إبراهيم, links=no ') is the Arabic name for Abraham, a Biblical patriarch and prophet in Islam. For the Islamic view of Ibrahim, see Abraham in Islam. Ibrahim may also refer to: * Ibrahim (name), a name (and list of people ...

(

Ishmael Ishmael ''Ismaḗl''; Classical/Qur'anic Arabic: إِسْمَٰعِيْل; Modern Standard Arabic: إِسْمَاعِيْل ''ʾIsmāʿīl''; la, Ismael was the first son of Abraham, the common patriarch of the Abrahamic religions; and is cons ...

, son of Abraham). Banu Tamim is one of the largest tribes of Arabia. The tribe occupied numerous Wadis and villages in

central Central is an adjective usually referring to being in the center of some place or (mathematical) object. Central may also refer to: Directions and generalised locations * Central Africa, a region in the centre of Africa continent, also known as ...

and eastern Arabia in the 6th century before playing an important role with the revelation of Islam. They came into contact with Muhammad in the 8th year of Hijrah, but they did not immediately convert to

Islam Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism#Islam, monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God in Islam, God (or ...

. There are '' hadiths'' which praise virtually all of the major Arab tribal groups, and to indicate the extent of this praise, a few examples are listed here: In Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 18, Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib says: "Remember that Bani Tamim is such a clan that their star has not set as yet, amongst them if one great man dies there is another to take his place. Remember that after embracing Islam and even during pre-Islamic days these people were never regarded as mean, jealous or covetous. On the contrary, they had a very high status. Besides they have claims of kinship and friendship with us. If we behave kindly, patiently and sympathetically towards them Allah will reward us. But if we ill treat them we shall be sinning."

Lineage and branches

Banu Tamim is an Adnanite tribe, descended from Adnan. In the genealogical tradition of the tribe, it is argued that there is a direct line that can be drawn from

to Tamim: *

* Adnan * Ma'ad * Nizar * Mudar * Ilyas * Amr (Tabikhah) * 'Ud * Murr * Tamim The tribe is mainly divided into four main branches, namely: * Amr *

Banu Hanzala Banu Hanzala ibn Malik () is a historical Arab tribe that inhabited al-Yamama in the Arabian Peninsula. It is a branch of the larger Banu Tamim tribe. Ancestry According to Arabic genealogical works, the Banu Hanzala tribe is recorded as descen ...

* Banu Sa'd * Al-Rabbab The tribe was mainly concentrated in the central and northern parts of

before the spread of Islam, but had spread across the Arabian Peninsula after the Islamic conquest of the region, then had spread to areas ruled by subsequent caliphates. Banu Tamim is a branch of Banu Mudar. The tribe extends west to Morocco and east to

. After the Islamic conquests, the tribe migrated to modern-day Tunisia, Iraq, Morocco, the

and

Khorasan Khorasan may refer to: * Greater Khorasan, a historical region which lies mostly in modern-day northern/northwestern Afghanistan, northeastern Iran, southern Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan * Khorasan Province, a pre-2004 province of Ira ...

regions of Iran, and other parts of the Arab world. Banu Tamim held significant power for centuries in these areas, in the form of the

Aghlabids The Aghlabids ( ar, الأغالبة) were an Arab dynasty of emirs from the Najdi tribe of Banu Tamim, who ruled Ifriqiya and parts of Southern Italy, Sicily, and possibly Sardinia, nominally on behalf of the Abbasid Caliph, for about a cen ...

and other minor dynasties.

Dynasties

– ruling dynasty of

Ifriqiya Ifriqiya ( '), also known as al-Maghrib al-Adna ( ar, المغرب الأدنى), was a medieval historical region comprising today's Tunisia and eastern Algeria, and Tripolitania (today's western Libya). It included all of what had previously ...

(modern-day Tunisia, Algeria, and Libya) from 800 to 909 which also controlled parts of

southern Italy Southern Italy ( it, Sud Italia or ) also known as ''Meridione'' or ''Mezzogiorno'' (), is a macroregion of the Italian Republic consisting of its southern half. The term ''Mezzogiorno'' today refers to regions that are associated with the peop ...

and Sicily. * Al Thani – ruling dynasty of Qatar since 1847. *

Al ash-Sheikh The Al ash-Sheikh ( ar, آل الشيخ, '),Using the term ''the Al ash-Sheikh family'' is a pleonasm as the word ''Al'' already means ''family''. See Etymology. It would, in theory, be correct to use the term ''Family of the Sheikh'', but, unlik ...

– family of the Grand Muftis of the Emirate of Diriyah, then the

Emirate of Najd The Emirate of Nejd or Imamate of Nejd was the Second Saudi State, existing between 1824 and 1891 in Nejd, the regions of Riyadh and Ha'il of what is now Saudi Arabia. Saudi rule was restored to central and eastern Arabia after the Emirate of D ...

and now modern-day Saudi Arabia for religious matters. * Al Khater – family of the Middle East based primarily in Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and Bahrain. * Al Majali – family based in Al-Karak in modern-day Jordan since the 1770s. * Al Mu'ammar – ruling dynasty of

based in Al-'Uyaynah from the seventeenth to the eighteenth century, their lineage goes back to the Anaqir of Banu Tamim.

Notable people

Among the tribe's members are: * Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab. * Muhammad Ibn al 'Uthaymīn (d. 2001 C.E.) – Saudi

Salafi The Salafi movement or Salafism () is a reform branch movement within Sunni Islam that originated during the nineteenth century. The name refers to advocacy of a return to the traditions of the "pious predecessors" (), the first three generat ...

preacher *

Khabbab ibn al-Aratt ( ar, خبّاب بن الأرتّ), , was a Companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad whom Islamic tradition regards as one of the ten earliest converts to Islam.. Born as a slave in Mecca, he later became a swordsmith and was able to build u ...

– a companion of Muhammad * Ahnaf ibn Qais, companion of Umar ibn al-Khattab * Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Sa'id al-Tamimi – physician in

during the 10th century CE *

Abu Al Fazal Abdul Wahid Yemeni Tamimi Abū al-Faḍl al-Tamīmī (952–1020 CE/341–410 AH) Abd al-Wāḥid b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. al-Ḥārith b. Asad al-Tamīmī or Abū al-Faḍl al-Tamīmī ( ar, ابوالفضل عبد الواحد تمیمی) was a 10th century Muslim sai ...

– Muslim saint Of the Junaidia order * Abd-Allah ibn Ibadh al-Tamimi p.46 – Founder of the Ibadi sect *

Al-Farazdaq Hammam ibn Ghalib ( ar, همام بن غالب; born c. 641; died 728–730), most commonly known as Al-Farazdaq () or Abu Firas, was an Arab poet. He was born in, Kazma. He was a member of Darim, one of the most respected divisions of the Bani T ...

- Umayyad Classical poet *

Al-Hurr ibn Yazid al Tamimi Al-Hurr ibn Yazid ibn Najiyah Al-Tamimi Al-Yarbuʿi Ar-Riyahi ( ar, حر بن یزید بن الناجیة التمیمي الیربوعي الریاحي) was the general of the Umayyad army dispatched from Kufa, Iraq to intercept al-Husayn ibn ...

- A general of the Umayyads who defected to

Husayn ibn Ali Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib ( ar, أبو عبد الله الحسين بن علي بن أبي طالب; 10 January 626 – 10 October 680) was a grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a son of Ali ibn Abi ...

Al-Qa'qa'a ibn Amr at-Tamimi Al-Qaʿqāʿ ibn ʿAmr ibn Mālik al-Tamīmī ( ar, القعقاع بن عمرو بن مالك التميمي) was an Arab Muslim commander and general in the Rashidun army, he belonged to the tribe of Banu Tamim. He and his tribe converted to I ...

– A general who commanded an army from his tribe and helped conquer Persia under Caliph Umar * Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi – Shafi'i scholar and mathematician from Baghdad * Musa ibn Ka'b al-Tamimi Provincial Abbasid Governor in mid 8th century. *

Muhammed ibn Umail al-Tamimi Muḥammad ibn Umayl al-Tamīmī ( ar, محمد بن أميل التميمي), known in Latin as Senior Zadith, was an early Muslim alchemist who lived from to Very little is known about his life. A Vatican Library catalogue lists one manusc ...

– tenth century alchemist from Al-Andalus * Ibn Ishaq al-Tamimi al-Tunisi – 13th century Tunisian astronomer and the author of an important ''zij'' * Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di *

Ubayd Allah al-Anbari Ubaydallāh ibn al-Hasan ibn al-Huṣayn al-ʿAnbarī (), simply known as Ubaydallah al-Anbari (died 168 AH/784–5 AD) was an Arabs, Arab jurist, Arabic poetry, poet, Lexicography, lexicographer, Genealogy, genealogist and a governor under the Abba ...

* Ibrahim I ibn al-Aghlab – Founder of the

' vassal, the emirs of

and Sicily from 800 to 909. *

Abdallah ibn Ibrahim Abu al-Abbas Abdallah I ibn Ibrahim I ibn al-Aghlabi () was the second Aghlabid emir of Ifriqiya, ruling from October/November 812 to his death on 25 June 817. He was known for his beauty, but also for his arbitrary rule, as he introduced a tax ...

, the Emir of

from 812 to his death on 25 June 817. * Jarīr – classical Arab poet *

Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani Sheikh Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani ( ar, جاسم بن محمد آل ثاني; c. 1825 – 17 July 1913), also known as "The Founder", was the founder of the State of Qatar. He had a total of 56 children, 19 sons and 37 daughters. Early life ...

– founder of the State of Qatar. *

Munzir ibn Sawa Al Tamimi Munzir ibn Sawa ( ar, ٱلْمُنْذِر ٱبْن سَاوَىٰ, al-Munzir-bn-Sāwá) was the governor of the Persian Sasanian Empire of historical Bahrain, the eastern coast of the Arabian peninsula opposite of Tihamah. Munzir was a prominen ...

– ruler of eastern parts of archaic Arabian peninsula who converted to Islam * Sheikh Edebali - Sufi Master who served in the foundation of the Ottoman Empire and father-in-law of its founder Osman I * Qatari ibn al-Fuja'a - Kharjite leader and poet who led an uprising against the Umayyads from Persia *

Munzir ibn Sawa Al-Tamimi Munzir ibn Sawa ( ar, ٱلْمُنْذِر ٱبْن سَاوَىٰ, al-Munzir-bn-Sāwá) was the governor of the Persian Sasanian Empire of historical Bahrain, the eastern coast of the Arabian peninsula opposite of Tihamah. Munzir was a prominen ...

* Ishaq ibn Rahwayh *

Aktham ibn Sayfi Aktham ibn Sayfi al-Tamimi () (d.44 AH) was a notable pre-Islamic Arab orator, judge, sage and poet, mostly famous for his proverbs. He was also known as ''Qadi al-Arab'' (lit. Judge of the Arabs) Little is known about his life with certainty. He ...

References

External links

Royal Ancestry File

The life of Mahomet
by William Muir {{DEFAULTSORT:Tamim Mudar Arab groups Tribes of Arabia Tribes of Saudi Arabia Demographics of Libya Yemeni tribes Tribes of Iraq Tribes of Syria Arab tribes in Morocco Tribes of Jordan Arab tribes in Algeria Tribes of the State of Palestine