Banovac, banski denar or banica is the name of a coin struck and used in

Croatia , image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg , anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland") , image_map = , map_caption = , capit ...

between 1235 and 1384. The Latin name was derived from the words '' ban'' and ''

denarius The denarius (, dēnāriī ) was the standard Roman silver coin from its introduction in the Second Punic War to the reign of Gordian III (AD 238–244), when it was gradually replaced by the antoninianus. It continued to be minted in very ...

''. The word ''ban'' is a title of nobility used in Croatia, and roughly translates as "viceroy", whereas ''denarius'' is Latin for coins minted by the

Roman Empire The Roman Empire ( la, Imperium Romanum ; grc-gre, Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, Basileía tôn Rhōmaíōn) was the post-Republican period of ancient Rome. As a polity, it included large territorial holdings around the Mediterr ...

. Banovac included the image of a

marten A marten is a weasel-like mammal in the genus ''Martes'' within the subfamily Guloninae, in the family Mustelidae. They have bushy tails and large paws with partially retractile claws. The fur varies from yellowish to dark brown, depending on t ...

( hr, kuna) - due to the fact that marten pelts were highly valued goods used as a form of payment in

Slavonia Slavonia (; hr, Slavonija) is, with Dalmatia, Croatia proper, and Istria, one of the four historical regions of Croatia. Taking up the east of the country, it roughly corresponds with five Croatian counties: Brod-Posavina, Osijek-Baranja ...

, the

Croatian Littoral Croatian Littoral ( hr, Hrvatsko primorje) is a historical name for the region of Croatia comprising mostly the coastal areas between traditional Dalmatia to the south, Mountainous Croatia to the north, Istria and the Kvarner Gulf of the Adriat ...

, and

Dalmatia Dalmatia (; hr, Dalmacija ; it, Dalmazia; see #Name, names in other languages) is one of the four historical region, historical regions of Croatia, alongside Croatia proper, Slavonia, and Istria. Dalmatia is a narrow belt of the east shore of ...

. This was one of the reasons for naming the current currency of the

Republic of Croatia , image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg , anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland") , image_map = , map_caption = , capit ...

the

kuna Kuna may refer to: Places * Kuna, Idaho, a town in the United States ** Kuna Caves, a lava tube in Idaho * Kuna Peak, a mountain in California * , a village in the Orebić municipality, Croatia * , a village in the Konavle municipality, Croatia ...

. The coins were first minted in

Pakrac Pakrac is a town in western Slavonia, Croatia, population 4,842, total municipality population 8,460 (census 2011). Pakrac is located on the road and railroad connecting the regions of Posavina and Podravina. Name In Croatian the town is known a ...

, and from 1260 in

Zagreb Zagreb ( , , , ) is the capital (political), capital and List of cities and towns in Croatia#List of cities and towns, largest city of Croatia. It is in the Northern Croatia, northwest of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slop ...

. The legends are: * MONETA REGIS P SCLAVONIA (common) * MONETA B REGIS P SCLAVONIA (moneta Belae regis pro sclavonia, scarce) * MONETA DVCIS P SCLAVONIA (scarce) * MONETA REGIS P VNGARIA (rare) Initials on the Árpád Dynasty coins are: * King

Bela IV Bela may refer to: Places Asia *Bela Pratapgarh, a town in Pratapgarh District, Uttar Pradesh, India *Bela, a small village near Bhandara, Maharashtra, India *Bela, another name for the biblical city Zoara * Bela, Dang, in Nepal * Bela, Janakpur, ...

(1235–1270): ** o - o, ** lily - lily, ** bird - bird, ** h - R (Ban Henricus Nemetujvari, 1267–1270) * King

Stephen V Stephen V may refer to: *Pope Stephen IV, aka Stephen V, Pope from 816 to 817 *Pope Stephen V (885–891) *Stephen V of Hungary (born before 1239 – 1272), King of Hungary and Croatia, Duke of Styria *Stephen V Báthory Stephen Báthory of Ecs ...

(1270–1272) ** S - R (Stephanus Rex), ** R - S (Rex Stephanus) * King Ladislaus IV (1272–1290) ** R - L (Rex Ladislaus), ** L - R (Ladislaus Rex), ** S - L (Ban Stephanus Babonich - Rex Ladislaus, 1280-1282?), ** R - R - L (Ban Radoszlav - Rex Ladislaus, 1286–1288) * King

Andrew III Andrew III the Venetian ( hu, III. Velencei András, hr, Andrija III. Mlečanin, sk, Ondrej III.; 1265 – 14 January 1301) was King of Hungary and Croatia between 1290 and 1301. His father, Stephen the Posthumous, was the posthumous son of ...

(1290–1301) ** R - A (Rex Andreas), ** A - R (Andreas Rex), ** S - A (Ban Stephanus Babonich - Rex Andreas, 1300–1301), ** R - bird (Rex Andreas - Ban Stephanus Babonich, 1300–1301), ** A - bird (Rex Andreas - Ban Stephanus Babonich, 1300–1301)

External links

* http://www.hr/croatia/economy/money/history * https://web.archive.org/web/20061022035043/http://www.hnb.hr/novcan/povijest/h-nastavak-3.htm 13th century in Croatia Coins Medieval currencies 14th century in Croatia {{Croatia-stub

See also

External links