''Banksia arctotidis'' is a species of prostrate shrub that is

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsew ...

to the southwest of Western Australia. It has leaves that are

pinnately Pinnation (also called pennation) is the arrangement of feather-like or multi-divided features arising from both sides of a common axis. Pinnation occurs in biological morphology, in crystals, such as some forms of ice or metal crystals, and in ...

divided to the midrib, cream-coloured flowers and hairy, egg-shaped fruit.

Description

''Banksia arctotidis'' is a prostrate shrub that typically grows to a height of , width of and has a short underground stem. The leaves are linear, long and wide, pinnately divided to the midrib with between 25 and 45 sharply pointed lobes on each side. The flower spikes are surrounded by hairy thread-like, egg-shaped and oblong

bract In botany, a bract is a modified or specialized leaf, especially one associated with a reproductive structure such as a flower, inflorescence axis or cone scale. Bracts are usually different from foliage leaves. They may be smaller, larger, or of ...

s and are composed of between 75 and 100 individual flowers. The

perianth The perianth (perigonium, perigon or perigone in monocots) is the non-reproductive part of the flower, and structure that forms an envelope surrounding the sexual organs, consisting of the calyx (sepals) and the corolla (petals) or tepals when ...

is long and yellow cream-coloured or yellowish brown. Flowering occurs between September and October and the fruit is a partly hairy, egg-shaped follicle long.

Taxonomy and naming

This banksia was first formally described in 1830 by Robert Brown who gave it the name ''Dryandra arctotidis'' and published the description in ''

Supplementum primum Prodromi florae Novae Hollandiae ''Supplementum primum Prodromi florae Novae Hollandiae'' ("First supplement to the Prodromus of the flora of New Holland") is an 1830 supplement to Robert Brown's ''Prodromus florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen''. It may be referred to ...

''. In 2007,

Austin Mast Austin R. Mast is a research botanist. Born in 1972, he obtained a Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 2000. He is currently a professor within the Department of Biological Science at Florida State University (FSU), and has been dire ...

and

Kevin Thiele Kevin R. Thiele is currently an adjunct associate professor at the University of Western Australia and the director of Taxonomy Australia. He was the curator of the Western Australian Herbarium from 2006 to 2015. His research interests include ...

changed the name to ''Banksia arctotidis''. The

specific epithet In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called nomenclature ("two-name naming system") or binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, bot ...

(''arctotidis'') is a reference to the genus ''

Arctotis ''Arctotis'' is a genus of annual and perennial plants in the family Asteraceae. ''Arctotis'' is native to dry stony slopes in southern Africa. Some of the plants are alternatively placed in the genus ''Venidium''. The common name is "African ...

''.

Distribution and habitat

''Banksia arctotidis'' grows on sandy soil in

kwongan Kwongan is plant community found in south-western Western Australia. The name is a Bibbelmun (Noongar) Aboriginal term of wide geographical use defined by Beard (1976) as Kwongan has replaced other terms applied by European botanists such as ...

south from Kojonup and Ongerup through the

Stirling Range National Park Stirling Range National Park is a national park in the Great Southern (Western Australia), Great Southern region of Western Australia, approximately south-east of Perth. Description It protects the Stirling Ranges, or Koikyennuruff, a range o ...

to near Albany.

Ecology

An assessment of the potential impact of

climate change In common usage, climate change describes global warming—the ongoing increase in global average temperature—and its effects on Earth's climate system. Climate change in a broader sense also includes previous long-term changes to E ...

on this species found that its range is likely to contract by between 50% and 80% by 2080, depending on the severity of the change.

Conservation status

This banksia is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government

Department of Parks and Wildlife The Department of Parks and Wildlife (DPaW) was the department of the Government of Western Australia responsible for managing lands described in the ''Conservation and Land Management Act 1984'' and implementing the state's conservation and e ...

References

* * {{Taxonbar, from1=Q51042840, from2=Q4856550 arctotidis Plants described in 1830 Endemic flora of Western Australia Eudicots of Western Australia Taxa named by Robert Brown (botanist, born 1773) Taxa named by Kevin Thiele