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Baker's Dozen is a 
patience
(or forbearance) is the ability to endure difficult circumstances. Patience may involve perseverance in the face of delay; tolerance of provocation without responding in disrespect/anger; or forbearance when under strain, especially when face ...
or card solitaire
Patience (Europe), card solitaire or solitaire (US/Canada), is a genre of card games whose common feature is that the aim is to arrange the cards in some systematic order or, in a few cases, to pair them off in order to discard them. Most are inte ...
using a single pack of fifty-two playing card
A playing card is a piece of specially prepared card stock, heavy paper, thin cardboard, plastic-coated paper, cotton-paper blend, or thin plastic that is marked with distinguishing motifs. Often the front (face) and back of each card has a f ...
s. The game is so called because of the 13 columns in the game, the number in a baker's dozen
A dozen (commonly abbreviated doz or dz) is a grouping of twelve.
The dozen may be one of the earliest primitive integer groupings, perhaps because there are approximately a dozen cycles of the Moon, or months, in a cycle of the Sun, or yea ...
.
History
First published by Dick in 1883 as The Baker's Dozen, the rules have changed little since. The only exception is that, in Dick's description, the thirteen packets are dealt face down and only the top card is turned. Only when the exposed top cards are moved to the foundations or other depots, may the next card be turned over. However, in later versions, thirteen columns are dealt face up and overlapping so that all the cards are visible, making the game easier.Dick (1883), pp. 98–99.Rules
First, the cards are dealt into thirteen packets of four cards each to form the tableau, resulting in 13 columns. Anyking
King is the title given to a male monarch in a variety of contexts. The female equivalent is queen, which title is also given to the consort of a king.
*In the context of prehistory, antiquity and contemporary indigenous peoples, the tit ...
that is in the top or middle of each column must be placed on the bottom before the game starts. Two kings that are mixed into one column are placed on the bottom without changing their order.
The objective of the game is to build all the cards onto the four foundations by moving cards around to release others. The player must first free up the four aces and if one of them is found, it is placed on the foundation. Building on the foundation is up by suit, each from ace to king.
Only the top cards of each column are available. Cards on the tableau, if they cannot be placed on the foundations yet, can be built down regardless of suit. Furthermore, once all cards are taken out of a column, the column can never be filled.
The game is won when all cards end up in the foundations.
Related games
Games that are related to Baker's Dozen include: * In Spanish Patience, any card can fill empty tableau spaces. (In some sources, the foundations are built up regardless of suit) * Castles in Spain is akin to Spanish Patience, but the cards in the tableau are built down by alternate color."Castles in Spain" (p.12) in ''Card Games'' by John Cornelius, Parragon, 1998. In some variations, the tableau is dealt face-down aside from the top cards of each column. * In Good Measure, two aces are taken out and placed on the foundations while the rest of the deck is shuffled and laid out in columns of five cards, resulting in 10 columns. Like in Baker's Dozen, Kings that are at the top or in the middle of their respective columns are placed at the bottom and the game proceeds in the process stated above. * Portuguese Solitaire is halfway between Baker's Dozen and Spanish Patience because empty columns can only be filled with Kings. * Bisley builds foundations upwards from Ace and downwards from King simultaneously.See also
* Bisley *List of patiences and solitaires
This is a list of patiences, which are card games that are also referred to as solitaires or as card solitaire.
This list is not intended to be exhaustive, but only includes games that have met the usual Wikipedia requirements (e.g. notability) ...
* Glossary of patience and solitaire terms
Games of patience, or (card) solitaires as they are usually called in North America, have their own 'language' of specialised terms such as "building down", "packing", "foundations", "talon" and "tableau". Once learnt they are helpful in des ...
References
Literature
* Dick, William Brisbane (1883). ''Dick's Games of Patience, Or, Solitaire with Cards''. 44 games. NY: Dick & Fitzgerald. {{DEFAULTSORT:Baker's Dozen (Solitaire) Open packers Single-deck patience card games American card games French deck card games