Baja () is a
city with county rights
A city with county rights (or urban county, Hungarian: ''megyei jogú város'', MJV) is a level of administrative subdivision in Hungary. Since 1994 all county seats are automatically awarded this status, and since 2012 this is the only way a new ...
in
, southern
Hungary
Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia a ...
. It is the second largest city in the county, after the county seat at
Kecskemét
Kecskemét ( , sk, Kečkemét) is a city with county rights central part Hungary. It is the eighth-largest city in the country, and the county seat of Bács-Kiskun.
Kecskemét lies halfway between the capital Budapest and the country's third ...
, and is home to some 35,000 people. Baja is the seat of the
Baja municipality
Baja or Bája may refer to:
Places and jurisdictions In the Americas
* Baja California Peninsula, in northwestern Mexico
* Baja California state in the northern part of the above peninsula
* Baja California Sur state in the southern part of ...
.
The environs of Baja have been continuously inhabited since the end of the
Iron Age
The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three-age division of the prehistory and protohistory of humanity. It was preceded by the Stone Age (Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic) and the Bronze Age (Chalcolithic). The concept has been mostly appl ...
, but there is evidence of human presence since
prehistoric times
Prehistory, also known as pre-literary history, is the period of human history between the use of the first stone tools by hominins 3.3 million years ago and the beginning of recorded history with the invention of writing systems. The use of ...
. The settlement itself was most likely established in the 14th century. After the
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
had conquered Hungary, it grew to prominence more than the other nearby settlements, and was granted town rights in 1696.
Today, Baja plays an important role in the life of
Northern Bácska as a local commercial centre and the provider of public services such as education and healthcare. It has several roads and a railway connection to other parts of the country, and also offers local Public transport for its residents. Being close to the
Danube
The Danube ( ; ) is a river that was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire and today connects 10 European countries, running through their territories or being a border. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , pa ...
and the forest of
Gemenc
Gemenc is a unique forest that is found between Szekszárd and Baja, in Hungary. This is the only remaining tidal area of the Danube in Hungary. The wood's fauna include stags, boars, storks, grey herons, gyrfalcons, white-tailed eagles, and k ...
, as well as having its own cultural sights, makes it a candidate for tourism, but this is not well established yet.
Etymology
The city's Hungarian name is probably derived from a
Turkic language
The Turkic languages are a language family of over 35 documented languages, spoken by the Turkic peoples of Eurasia from Eastern Europe and Southern Europe to Central Asia, East Asia, North Asia (Siberia), and Western Asia. The Turkic languag ...
. The commonly known "bull" name is likely not its real origin, but may have gotten its title from the first owner of the city, Baja. The
Latin
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...
name of the town is ''Francillo''. Baja also used to have a German name: ''Frankenstadt''.
The South Slavs,
Bunjevci
Bunjevci ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Bunjevci, Буњевци, ; sh-Latn-Cyrl, label=, separator=" / ", Bunjevac, Буњевац, sh-Latn-Cyrl, label=, separator=" / ", Bunjevka, Буњевка) are a South Slavic sub-ethnic group living ...
and
Serbs
The Serbs ( sr-Cyr, Срби, Srbi, ) are the most numerous South Slavic ethnic group native to the Balkans in Southeastern Europe, who share a common Serbian ancestry, culture, history and language.
The majority of Serbs live in their na ...
, who live in the city call Baja by the same name as Magyars do, but with a slightly different pronunciation ( instead of ). Its spelling in Serbian
Cyrillic
, bg, кирилица , mk, кирилица , russian: кириллица , sr, ћирилица, uk, кирилиця
, fam1 = Egyptian hieroglyphs
, fam2 = Proto-Sinaitic
, fam3 = Phoenician
, fam4 = G ...
writing is Баја.
History
The city was first mentioned in 1308. The Bajai family was the first known owner of the town. In 1474 the settlement was given to the Czobor family by
Matthias Corvinus
Matthias Corvinus, also called Matthias I ( hu, Hunyadi Mátyás, ro, Matia/Matei Corvin, hr, Matija/Matijaš Korvin, sk, Matej Korvín, cz, Matyáš Korvín; ), was King of Hungary and Croatia from 1458 to 1490. After conducting several mi ...
.
During the
Turkish Conquest in the 16th and 17th centuries it was the official center for the region and it possessed a
fortification
A fortification is a military construction or building designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is also used to establish rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from Latin ''fortis'' ("strong") and ''facere'' ...
. This era saw the immigration of
Bunjevci
Bunjevci ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Bunjevci, Буњевци, ; sh-Latn-Cyrl, label=, separator=" / ", Bunjevac, Буњевац, sh-Latn-Cyrl, label=, separator=" / ", Bunjevka, Буњевка) are a South Slavic sub-ethnic group living ...
and
Serbs
The Serbs ( sr-Cyr, Срби, Srbi, ) are the most numerous South Slavic ethnic group native to the Balkans in Southeastern Europe, who share a common Serbian ancestry, culture, history and language.
The majority of Serbs live in their na ...
into the town. There was also an active
Franciscan
The Franciscans are a group of related Mendicant orders, mendicant Christianity, Christian Catholic religious order, religious orders within the Catholic Church. Founded in 1209 by Italian Catholic friar Francis of Assisi, these orders include t ...
mission with monks from
Bosnia
Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often known informally as Bosnia, is a country at the crossroads of south and southeast Europe, located in the Balkans. Bosnia and He ...
.
![Toth Kalman Baja](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Toth_Kalman_Baja.jpg)
In the 18th century, Hungary with its regained territories was a part of the
Habsburg Empire
The Habsburg monarchy (german: Habsburgermonarchie, ), also known as the Danubian monarchy (german: Donaumonarchie, ), or Habsburg Empire (german: Habsburgerreich, ), was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities ...
.
Germans
, native_name_lang = de
, region1 =
, pop1 = 72,650,269
, region2 =
, pop2 = 534,000
, region3 =
, pop3 = 157,000
3,322,405
, region4 =
, pop4 = ...
,
Hungarians
Hungarians, also known as Magyars ( ; hu, magyarok ), are a nation and ethnic group native to Hungary () and historical Hungarian lands who share a common culture, history, ancestry, and language. The Hungarian language belongs to the Urali ...
and Jews migrated into the town. Due to its location on the
Danube
The Danube ( ; ) is a river that was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire and today connects 10 European countries, running through their territories or being a border. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , pa ...
, it became a transportation and commercial hub for the region. This was the place where grain and wine were loaded onto boats to be transported upriver to
Austria
Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...
and Germany. In 1727 the Czobor family regained its ownership. Until 1765, the inhabitants belonged to three nations;
Bunjevac
Bunjevci ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Bunjevci, Буњевци, ; sh-Latn-Cyrl, label=, separator=" / ", Bunjevac, Буњевац, sh-Latn-Cyrl, label=, separator=" / ", Bunjevka, Буњевка) are a South Slavic sub-ethnic group living ...
(under name of ''
Dalmatia
Dalmatia (; hr, Dalmacija ; it, Dalmazia; see #Name, names in other languages) is one of the four historical region, historical regions of Croatia, alongside Croatia proper, Slavonia, and Istria. Dalmatia is a narrow belt of the east shore of ...
ns''), the
Germans
, native_name_lang = de
, region1 =
, pop1 = 72,650,269
, region2 =
, pop2 = 534,000
, region3 =
, pop3 = 157,000
3,322,405
, region4 =
, pop4 = ...
and the
Serbs
The Serbs ( sr-Cyr, Срби, Srbi, ) are the most numerous South Slavic ethnic group native to the Balkans in Southeastern Europe, who share a common Serbian ancestry, culture, history and language.
The majority of Serbs live in their na ...
. Following this, according to a government decree the ''Natio Dalmatica'' was changed into the ''Natio Hungarica'', but even in 1768, the elected mayor swore the oath in the
Bunjevac language
The Bunjevac dialect (), also known as Bunjevac speech (), is the Danubian branch of Shtokavian– Younger Ikavian dialect of the Serbo-Croatian pluricentric language, preserved among members of the Bunjevac community. Their accent is purely I ...
in the
Franciscan
The Franciscans are a group of related Mendicant orders, mendicant Christianity, Christian Catholic religious order, religious orders within the Catholic Church. Founded in 1209 by Italian Catholic friar Francis of Assisi, these orders include t ...
Church.
In 1699, Baja was
Bács-Bodrog county's most "industrialized" city.
In the 19th century Baja became a minor railway hub, but its importance declined as the railway to
Fiume
Rijeka ( , , ; also known as Fiume hu, Fiume, it, Fiume ; local Chakavian: ''Reka''; german: Sankt Veit am Flaum; sl, Reka) is the principal seaport and the third-largest city in Croatia (after Zagreb and Split). It is located in Primor ...
(Rijeka) was built in order to get Hungarian grain seaborne. The city was still a commercial and service center for the region.
In 1918, after World War I, the ceasefire line placed the city under administration of the newly formed
Kingdom of Yugoslavia
The Kingdom of Yugoslavia ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Kraljevina Jugoslavija, Краљевина Југославија; sl, Kraljevina Jugoslavija) was a state in Southeast Europe, Southeast and Central Europe that existed from 1918 unt ...
. By the
Treaty of Trianon
The Treaty of Trianon (french: Traité de Trianon, hu, Trianoni békeszerződés, it, Trattato del Trianon) was prepared at the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), Paris Peace Conference and was signed in the Grand Trianon château in ...
from 1920, the city was assigned to Hungary, and became the capital of the reduced county of .
After World War II the city became known for its
textile mill
Textile Manufacturing or Textile Engineering is a major industry. It is largely based on the conversion of fibre into yarn, then yarn into fabric. These are then dyed or printed, fabricated into cloth which is then converted into useful goods ...
and because of its important bridge crossing the
Danube
The Danube ( ; ) is a river that was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire and today connects 10 European countries, running through their territories or being a border. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , pa ...
. Its importance is still evident as people from the
Bácska region (Serbian:
Bačka
Bačka ( sr-cyrl, Бачка, ) or Bácska () is a geographical and historical area within the Pannonian Plain bordered by the river Danube to the west and south, and by the river Tisza to the east. It is divided between Serbia and Hungary ...
) of Hungary come for higher education, government and business services.
Historical population
![Population of Baja, Hungary](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Population_of_Baja%2C_Hungary.svg)
The city's population was growing rapidly in the 20th century (especially in the
interwar period
In the history of the 20th century, the interwar period lasted from 11 November 1918 to 1 September 1939 (20 years, 9 months, 21 days), the end of the World War I, First World War to the beginning of the World War II, Second World War. The in ...
and during the
socialist era), but in the last decade its population declined significantly.
The demographic evolution of Baja is the following:
See also
*
Serbian-Hungarian Baranya-Baja Republic
Demographics
The city has 34,495 residents as of 1 January 2019. In the 2001 Census, the 11% larger population of 38,360 reported its ethnicity thus:
*93.5%
Hungarians
Hungarians, also known as Magyars ( ; hu, magyarok ), are a nation and ethnic group native to Hungary () and historical Hungarian lands who share a common culture, history, ancestry, and language. The Hungarian language belongs to the Urali ...
;
* 2.7%
Germans
, native_name_lang = de
, region1 =
, pop1 = 72,650,269
, region2 =
, pop2 = 534,000
, region3 =
, pop3 = 157,000
3,322,405
, region4 =
, pop4 = ...
;
* 1.3%
Croats
The Croats (; hr, Hrvati ) are a South Slavic ethnic group who share a common Croatian ancestry, culture, history and language. They are also a recognized minority in a number of neighboring countries, namely Austria, the Czech Republic, G ...
;
* 0.4%
Serb
The Serbs ( sr-Cyr, Срби, Srbi, ) are the most numerous South Slavic ethnic group native to the Balkans in Southeastern Europe, who share a common Serbian ancestry, culture, history and language.
The majority of Serbs live in their na ...
s;
* 0.1%
Slovaks
The Slovaks ( sk, Slováci, singular: ''Slovák'', feminine: ''Slovenka'', plural: ''Slovenky'') are a West Slavic ethnic group and nation native to Slovakia who share a common ancestry, culture, history and speak Slovak.
In Slovakia, 4.4 mi ...
;
* 0.5%
Romani people
The Romani (also spelled Romany or Rromani , ), colloquially known as the Roma, are an Indo-Aryan ethnic group, traditionally nomadic itinerants. They live in Europe and Anatolia, and have diaspora populations located worldwide, with sig ...
;
* 6.1% unknown or did not say.
[ 3522 Bajaat the ]Hungarian Central Statistical Office
The Hungarian Central Statistical Office (HSCO; hu, Központi Statisztikai Hivatal (KSH), ) is a quango responsible for collecting, processing and publishing statistics about Hungary, its economy, and its inhabitants. The office provides details ...
. 1 January 2009.
As of 1 January 2019, there are 17 149 houses.
Geography
Location
Baja is located about south of
Budapest
Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population ...
and southwest of Kecskemét, at the crossing of Road 55 and Road 51, on the river
Danube
The Danube ( ; ) is a river that was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire and today connects 10 European countries, running through their territories or being a border. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , pa ...
. Baja's main river is
Sugovica (also called ''Kamarás-Duna'').
Baja is at the meeting point of two large regions: the
Great Hungarian Plain
The Great Hungarian Plain (also known as Alföld or Great Alföld, hu, Alföld or ) is a plain occupying the majority of the modern territory of Hungary. It is the largest part of the wider Pannonian Plain. (However, the Great Hungarian plain ...
(Alföld) and
Transdanubia
Transdanubia ( hu, Dunántúl; german: Transdanubien, hr, Prekodunavlje or ', sk, Zadunajsko :sk:Zadunajsko) is a traditional region of Hungary. It is also referred to as Hungarian Pannonia, or Pannonian Hungary.
Administrative divisions Trad ...
(Dunántúl). The River
Danube
The Danube ( ; ) is a river that was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire and today connects 10 European countries, running through their territories or being a border. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , pa ...
separates the two regions. The occidental part of the city is where the
Gemenc
Gemenc is a unique forest that is found between Szekszárd and Baja, in Hungary. This is the only remaining tidal area of the Danube in Hungary. The wood's fauna include stags, boars, storks, grey herons, gyrfalcons, white-tailed eagles, and k ...
forest starts to spread out next to the ''
István Türr
István Türr ( it, Stefano Türr, french: Étienne Türr), (10 August 1825 in Baja, Hungary – 3 May 1908 in Budapest) was a Hungarian soldier, revolutionary, canal architect and engineer, remembered in Italy for his role in that country's ...
Bridge''. Gemenc is part of the
Danube-Drava National Park
Danube-Drava National Park was founded in 1996 and is located in the south west of Hungary. The current area is 490 square kilometres and the majority of the national park sites are located within the Danube and Drava floodland areas, of which 190 ...
. It can be discovered from Baja via a
narrow gauge railway
A narrow-gauge railway (narrow-gauge railroad in the US) is a railway with a track gauge narrower than standard . Most narrow-gauge railways are between and .
Since narrow-gauge railways are usually built with tighter curves, smaller structur ...
.
Baja is located on the left bank of the river, on the Great Hungarian Plain. However, Baja is more similar to the cities of
Transdanubia
Transdanubia ( hu, Dunántúl; german: Transdanubien, hr, Prekodunavlje or ', sk, Zadunajsko :sk:Zadunajsko) is a traditional region of Hungary. It is also referred to as Hungarian Pannonia, or Pannonian Hungary.
Administrative divisions Trad ...
. To the east, arable crops such as maize, wheat and
barley
Barley (''Hordeum vulgare''), a member of the grass family, is a major cereal grain grown in temperate climates globally. It was one of the first cultivated grains, particularly in Eurasia as early as 10,000 years ago. Globally 70% of barley pr ...
are grown.
Climate
Baja is at the meeting of the continental and mediterranean region of Hungary. The summers are hot (the temperature sometimes goes up to 36–37 °C) and stifling, while the winters are cold and snowy. It often rains in the spring. At summertime extreme torrential rains are getting common every now and then in the region.
Economy
The city plays an important role in the country's
water transport
Maritime transport (or ocean transport) and hydraulic effluvial transport, or more generally waterborne transport, is the transport of people (passengers) or goods (cargo) via waterways. Freight transport by sea has been widely used throu ...
on the river Danube with its second biggest port in Hungary. Baja gives home to an extensive corporation: to AXIÁL Co. Axiál sells agricultural machines all over eastern Europe with great success. Gemenc Forest and Game Co. Ltd. is managing the nearby
nature reserve
A nature reserve (also known as a wildlife refuge, wildlife sanctuary, biosphere reserve or bioreserve, natural or nature preserve, or nature conservation area) is a protected area of importance for flora, fauna, or features of geological or ...
,
Gemenc
Gemenc is a unique forest that is found between Szekszárd and Baja, in Hungary. This is the only remaining tidal area of the Danube in Hungary. The wood's fauna include stags, boars, storks, grey herons, gyrfalcons, white-tailed eagles, and k ...
. There are numerous commercial structures in the city, which prove important to the people living in and around Baja. Roughly 10 years ago a
TESCO
Tesco plc () is a British multinational groceries and general merchandise retailer headquartered in Welwyn Garden City, England. In 2011 it was the third-largest retailer in the world measured by gross revenues and the ninth-largest in th ...
supermarket opened along with a shopping centre next to it.
Culture, education, and life
The city has some museums and
art galleries
An art gallery is a room or a building in which visual art is displayed. In Western cultures from the mid-15th century, a gallery was any long, narrow covered passage along a wall, first used in the sense of a place for art in the 1590s. The lon ...
, most of them with permanent exhibitions. These include the ''
István Türr
István Türr ( it, Stefano Türr, french: Étienne Türr), (10 August 1825 in Baja, Hungary – 3 May 1908 in Budapest) was a Hungarian soldier, revolutionary, canal architect and engineer, remembered in Italy for his role in that country's ...
Museum'' (exhibits objects of former local life), the ''István Nagy Gallery'' (a collection of
István Nagy's paintings), and the ''Bunjevci House'' (about
Bunjevci
Bunjevci ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Bunjevci, Буњевци, ; sh-Latn-Cyrl, label=, separator=" / ", Bunjevac, Буњевац, sh-Latn-Cyrl, label=, separator=" / ", Bunjevka, Буњевка) are a South Slavic sub-ethnic group living ...
traditions). The annual ''Fisherman's Soup Boiling Festival'' is a famous event in Europe, which includes a great fish soup boiling contest, and other cultural occurrences.
![Kálvária-kápolna_(Hétfájdalmú_Szűz)_(2105](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/K%C3%A1lv%C3%A1ria-k%C3%A1polna_%28H%C3%A9tf%C3%A1jdalm%C3%BA_Sz%C5%B1z%29_%282105._sz%C3%A1m%C3%BA_m%C5%B1eml%C3%A9k%29.jpg)
There are 15 churches in the city, representing the religion of each ethnicity. These religions include (with the number of believers) Roman Catholic (25 203),
Protestant
Protestantism is a Christian denomination, branch of Christianity that follows the theological tenets of the Reformation, Protestant Reformation, a movement that began seeking to reform the Catholic Church from within in the 16th century agai ...
(1 623),
Evangelist
Evangelist may refer to:
Religion
* Four Evangelists, the authors of the canonical Christian Gospels
* Evangelism, publicly preaching the Gospel with the intention of spreading the teachings of Jesus Christ
* Evangelist (Anglican Church), a c ...
(268),
Unitarian,
Orthodox
Orthodox, Orthodoxy, or Orthodoxism may refer to:
Religion
* Orthodoxy, adherence to accepted norms, more specifically adherence to creeds, especially within Christianity and Judaism, but also less commonly in non-Abrahamic religions like Neo-pa ...
(90),
Lutheran
Lutheranism is one of the largest branches of Protestantism, identifying primarily with the theology of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German monk and reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practice of the Catholic Church launched th ...
and Judaism (27).
Located relatively close to the
Great Hungarian Plain
The Great Hungarian Plain (also known as Alföld or Great Alföld, hu, Alföld or ) is a plain occupying the majority of the modern territory of Hungary. It is the largest part of the wider Pannonian Plain. (However, the Great Hungarian plain ...
, to
Gemenc
Gemenc is a unique forest that is found between Szekszárd and Baja, in Hungary. This is the only remaining tidal area of the Danube in Hungary. The wood's fauna include stags, boars, storks, grey herons, gyrfalcons, white-tailed eagles, and k ...
and
Transdanubia
Transdanubia ( hu, Dunántúl; german: Transdanubien, hr, Prekodunavlje or ', sk, Zadunajsko :sk:Zadunajsko) is a traditional region of Hungary. It is also referred to as Hungarian Pannonia, or Pannonian Hungary.
Administrative divisions Trad ...
, the city is also feasible as a base for regional tourists.
There are three notable educational institutes in the city:
Béla III High school, famous for low teaching skills; Eötvös József College, the only low-level educational institution of Northern Bácska, and the NSDAP center. A smaller observatory also exists.
German center
Tha MNÁMK (Magyarországi Németek Általános Művelődési Központja; English: ''General Culture Center of Germans Living in Hungary'') is internationally shunned for providing German education for the Gypsy minorities living in Bácska, and in Hungary. Students get obsolete education with soviet-era tools using their mother tongue.
Endre Ady Library
Baja's library got its name from the famous
Hungarian poet,
Endre Ady. The library's building used to be Baja's synagogue. The building was offered by the city's Jewish community. The
Holocaust
The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe; a ...
appreciation memorial stands in the synagogue's garden.
The library has a very large collection of pre-18th-century books. The "Ancient book" collection includes 4,352 volumes, and a lot more writings, because many of the volumes are collectives (for example, one of them contains 17 writings). The library has three
incunabulum
In the history of printing, an incunable or incunabulum (plural incunables or incunabula, respectively), is a book, pamphlet, or broadside that was printed in the earliest stages of printing in Europe, up to the year 1500. Incunabula were pro ...
s.
Current and past residents in Baja
*
Lázár Mészáros
General Lázár Mészáros ''(English: Lazarus Mészáros)'' (20 February 1796 in Baja – 16 November 1858 in Eywood), was the Minister of War during the 1848 Hungarian Revolution.
Biography
He was born into a noble family of landowners. Hi ...
, Hungary's first
defence minister
A defence minister or minister of defence is a cabinet official position in charge of a ministry of defense, which regulates the armed forces in sovereign states. The role of a defence minister varies considerably from country to country; in som ...
*
Karl Isidor Beck,
Austria
Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...
n poet, writer of poem
The Blue Danube
"The Blue Danube" is the common English title of "An der schönen blauen Donau", Op. 314 (German for "By the Beautiful Blue Danube"), a waltz by the Austrian composer Johann Strauss II, composed in 1866. Originally performed on 15 Februa ...
*
Kálmán Tóth, 19th-century poet
*
Radovan Jelašić
Radovan Jelašić ( sr-cyr, Радован Јелашић; hu, Jelasity Radován; born 19 February 1968) is a Hungarian-Serbian economist who served as the Governor of the National Bank of Serbia from 2004 to 2010. He has been the CEO of Erste ...
, Governor of the
National Bank of Serbia
The National Bank of Serbia ( sr, Народна банка Србије, Narodna banka Srbije) is the central bank of Serbia. Founded in 1884, the responsibilities of the bank are: monetary policy, sole issuer of Serbian banknotes and coins, p ...
*
István Türr
István Türr ( it, Stefano Türr, french: Étienne Türr), (10 August 1825 in Baja, Hungary – 3 May 1908 in Budapest) was a Hungarian soldier, revolutionary, canal architect and engineer, remembered in Italy for his role in that country's ...
, a general under
Giuseppe Garibaldi
Giuseppe Maria Garibaldi ( , ;In his native Ligurian language, he is known as ''Gioxeppe Gaibado''. In his particular Niçard dialect of Ligurian, he was known as ''Jousé'' or ''Josep''. 4 July 1807 – 2 June 1882) was an Italian general, patr ...
*
József Bayer, member of the
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
The Hungarian Academy of Sciences ( hu, Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, MTA) is the most important and prestigious learned society of Hungary. Its seat is at the bank of the Danube in Budapest, between Széchenyi rakpart and Akadémia utca. Its ma ...
*
Jenő Ernst, doctor, biologist, member of the
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
The Hungarian Academy of Sciences ( hu, Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, MTA) is the most important and prestigious learned society of Hungary. Its seat is at the bank of the Danube in Budapest, between Széchenyi rakpart and Akadémia utca. Its ma ...
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Dénes Jánossy Dénes is a Hungarian male given name, the equivalent of Denis in English and can sometimes stand for or replace the feminine version of Den(n)is, namely ''Denise''. As with many given names, it also transitioned into a surname in the Middle Ages. ...
,
corresponding member of the
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
The Hungarian Academy of Sciences ( hu, Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, MTA) is the most important and prestigious learned society of Hungary. Its seat is at the bank of the Danube in Budapest, between Széchenyi rakpart and Akadémia utca. Its ma ...
*
András Jelky, a man who travelled around the world in a strange way (1730 – 1783)
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Dezső Miskolczy Dezső is a Hungarian given male name, the Hungarian form of Desiderius. It may refer to:
People
* Dezső Bánffy, Hungarian politician
* Dezső Ernster, Hungarian opera singer
*Dezső Földes, Hungarian 2x Olympic champion saber fencer
* Dezső ...
, researcher of
Mental disorder
A mental disorder, also referred to as a mental illness or psychiatric disorder, is a behavioral or mental pattern that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning. Such features may be persistent, relapsing and remitti ...
s, a member of
Hungarian Academy of Sciences
The Hungarian Academy of Sciences ( hu, Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, MTA) is the most important and prestigious learned society of Hungary. Its seat is at the bank of the Danube in Budapest, between Széchenyi rakpart and Akadémia utca. Its ma ...
*
Emma Sándor, composer, wife of
Zoltán Kodály
Zoltán Kodály (; hu, Kodály Zoltán, ; 16 December 1882 – 6 March 1967) was a Hungarian composer, ethnomusicologist, pedagogue, linguist, and philosopher. He is well known internationally as the creator of the Kodály method of music ed ...
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Ede Telcs
Eduard "Ede" Telcs was a Hungarian sculptor, and medallist; born at Baja, Hungary on 12 May 1872; died 1948 in Budapest. At the age of twelve he went to Budapest and studied decorative art, but he soon left that city for Vienna, where he was edu ...
, sculptor.
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Ibolya Dávid
Ibolya Dávid (born 1954 in Baja, Hungary) is a Hungarian lawyer, politician, she was the president of the Hungarian Democratic Forum (MDF) between 1999 and 2010. Dávid was the Hungarian Minister of Justice between 1998 and 2002. She was the o ...
, present-day democrat politician of the
Hungarian Democratic Forum
The Hungarian Democratic Forum ( hu, Magyar Demokrata Fórum, MDF) was a centre-right political party in Hungary. It had a Hungarian nationalist, national-conservative, Christian-democratic ideology. The party was represented continuously in the ...
*
Joakim Vujić, known as the "Father of Serbian Theatre", writer and playwright who lived and worked in the late eighteenth- and early nineteenth- century.
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Bogoboj Atanacković
Bogoboj Atanacković ( sr-cyr, Богобој Атанацковић; hu, Atanackovics Bogoboj; 10 June 1826 in Baja – 28 July 1858 in Baja) was a Serbian writer. Encouraged by the ideas of romanticism, he changed his name ''Timotej'' into ''B ...
(1826–1858), a well-known Serbian novelist and a friend of poet
Branko Radičević
Aleksije "Branko" Radičević ( sr-Cyrl, Алексије Бранко Радичевић, ; 28 March 1824 – 1 July 1853) was a Serbian poet who wrote in the period of Romanticism.
Biography
Branko Radičević was born in Slavonski Brod on 1 ...
.
*
Zsuzsanna Ikotity, a famous poet.
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Pavel Đurković Pavle or Pavel Đurković (1772, Baja, Austria-Hungary – 1830, Odessa, Russia) was a Serbian painter, portraitist and iconographer who distinguished himself in the iconography of monasteries and portraits of great personalities (mostly Serbs).
Hi ...
, famous
Serbian icon painter and muralist who lived and worked in the
Habsburg Empire
The Habsburg monarchy (german: Habsburgermonarchie, ), also known as the Danubian monarchy (german: Donaumonarchie, ), or Habsburg Empire (german: Habsburgerreich, ), was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities ...
, from 1772 until 1830.
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Jovan Pačić (1771–1849), Serbian writer, poet, translator, illustrator and watercolor painter, the first to translate
Goethe
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (28 August 1749 – 22 March 1832) was a German poet, playwright, novelist, scientist, statesman, theatre director, and critic. His works include plays, poetry, literature, and aesthetic criticism, as well as treat ...
in Serbian.
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Mita Popović, Serbian poet
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Lukijan Bogdanović, Serbian Patriarch (1908-1913)
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József Kliegl Kliegl József (hu) inventor of the setting machine
Gallery
File:Ferences templom Baja.jpg, Franciscan Monastery
File:Városháza (Grassalkovich-ház) (2123. számú műemlék).jpg, Town Hall
File:Baja - Eötvös utca - 1382.jpg, Eötvös street
File:Baja Sugovica kikötő.JPG, Sugovica yacht harbor
File:Jézus Szíve templom Baja.JPG, Sacred Heart church
Twin towns – sister cities
Baja is
twinned with:
*
Argentan, France
*
Hódmezővásárhely, Hungary
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Labin
Labin (Italian/Istriot: Albona) is a town in Istria, west Croatia, with a town population of 5,806 (2021) and 10,424 in the greater municipality (which also includes the small towns of Rabac and Vinež, as well as a number of smaller villages).
...
, Croatia
*
Sângeorgiu de Pădure
Sângeorgiu de Pădure (English (lit.): Saint George on the Heath, hu, Erdőszentgyörgy ; german: Sankt Georgen auf der Heide) is a town in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania.
Bezid (''Bözöd''), Bezidu Nou (''Bözödújfalu''), and Loțu (' ...
, Romania
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Sombor
Sombor ( sr-Cyrl, Сомбор, ; hu, Zombor; rue, Зомбор, Zombor) is a List of cities in Serbia, city and the administrative center of the West Bačka District in the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The city has a total popula ...
, Serbia
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Târgu Mureş Târgu (Romanian for "the market") starts off the names of several places in Romania:
*Târgu Bujor
*Târgu Cărbunești
*Târgu Frumos
* Târgu Gânguleşti
*Târgu Jiu
*Târgu Lăpuș
* Târgu Logreşti
*Târgu Mureș
*Târgu Neamț
*Târgu Ocna
...
, Romania
*
Thisted
Thisted is a town in the municipality of Thisted in the North Denmark Region of Denmark. It has a population of 13,461 (1 January 2022)[Waiblingen
Waiblingen (; Swabian: ''Woeblinge'') is a town in the southwest of Germany, located in the center of the densely populated Stuttgart region, directly neighboring Stuttgart. It is the capital and largest city of the Rems-Murr district. , Waibli ...](_blank)
, Germany
Nearby villages
*
Pörböly
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Dunafalva
Dunafalva (german: Donaudorf; hr, Topolovac; la, Contra Florentiam) is a village and municipality in Bács-Kiskun county, in the Southern Great Plain region of southern Hungary.
History
The village was established in 1954 by Dunaszekcsőnek ...
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Érsekcsanád
Érsekcsanád (Croatian: ''Čanad'' or ''Čenad'') is a village in Bács-Kiskun county, in the Southern Great Plain region of southern Hungary. It is named after Csanád, the first head ''(comes)'' of the former Csanád County of Hungary in ...
*
Gara
''Gara'' (Basque: ''We Are'') is a bilingual (Basque/Spanish) newspaper published in the city of Donostia-San Sebastián in the Basque Autonomous Community. The newspaper's target market comprises the area of the Basque Country, but its cir ...
*
Vaskút
*
Csávoly
Csávoly (german: Tschawal, Croatian: ''Čavolj'', Serbian Cyrillic: Чавољ) is a village in Bács-Kiskun county, Hungary. It is about far away from Baja.
History
Csávoly's history can be traced back to 1198. The village - under the n ...
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Szeremle
Szeremle (Croatian: ''Srimljan'') is a village in Bács-Kiskun county, in the Southern Great Plain region of southern Hungary.
Geography
It covers an area of and has a population of 1414 people (2015).
Demographics
* Magyars
* Croats
R ...
*
Bátmonostor
Bátmonostor () is a village in Bács-Kiskun county, in the Southern Great Plain region of southern Hungary.
Geography
It covers an area of and has a population of 1503 people (2015).
Demography
Residents are Magyars. There is a small commun ...
*
Hercegszántó
Hercegszántó ( hr, Santovo, sr, Сантово) is a village in the Bács-Kiskun County of Hungary, famous for being the birthplace of footballer Flórián Albert. Residents are Magyars, with minority of Serbs and Croats.
Until the end of Wo ...
References
Bibliography
* ''Nemzeti és etnikai kisebségek Magyarországon'', Budapest 1998
* ''Baja története.'' Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest 1989
Notes
External links
Official sites
Baja's public homepageOfficial site of the local government
Web cameras
Baja, Danube bridge
Additional links
* in Hungarian
Observatory Home PageBaja sport newsbajastory.info magazineMagnifiable city mapAerial photographs from Baja
{{Authority control
Populated places in Bács-Kiskun County
Places in Bačka
Populated places on the Danube
Populated places established in the 14th century
Hungarian German communities
Serb communities in Hungary
Towns in Hungary
Cities with county rights of Hungary