The Bahutu Manifesto (french: Manifeste des Bahutu) was a document composed by nine Rwandan
Hutu
The Hutu (), also known as the Abahutu, are a Bantu ethnic or social group which is native to the African Great Lakes region. They mainly live in Rwanda, Burundi and the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, where they form one of the prin ...
intellectuals on 24 March 1957 for submission to the
Governor of Ruanda-Urundi. Its full title was Note on the social aspect of the native racial problem in Rwanda (''Note sur l'aspect social du problème racial indigène au Rwanda'') and was ten pages in length. It denounced the supposed exploitation of the Hutus by the ethnic
Tutsi
The Tutsi (), or Abatutsi (), are an ethnic group of the African Great Lakes region. They are a Bantu-speaking ethnic group and the second largest of three main ethnic groups in Rwanda and Burundi (the other two being the largest Bantu ethnic grou ...
.
This document called for a double liberation of the Hutu people, first from the race of white colonials, and second from the race of
Hamitic
Hamites is the name formerly used for some Northern and Horn of Africa peoples in the context of a now-outdated model of dividing humanity into different races which was developed originally by Europeans in support of colonialism and slavery. ...
oppressors, the Tutsi. The document in many ways established the future tone of the Hutu nationalist movement by identifying the "indigenous racial problem" of Rwanda as the social, political, and economic "monopoly which is held by one race, the Tutsi."
[Mamdani, Mahmood. ''When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism, and the Genocide in Rwanda'', Princeton University Press, 2001, pp. 43-44.]
Notes
Further reading
* Samuel Totten, Paul Robert Bartrop et Steven L. Jacobs, "Bahutu Manifesto", in ''Dictionary of Genocide: A-L'', ABC-CLIO, 2008, pp. 33-34. 9780313346422
*
External links
"Le Manifeste des Bahutu du 24 mars 1957"
at Inshuti.org
* Hurst, Ryan
"Bahutu Manifesto (1957)"
BlackPast.
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Rwandan genocide
1957 in Ruanda-Urundi
Political manifestos
1957 in Belgium
1957 documents
Ruanda-Urundi