Bahder Djohan (30 July 1902 – 8 March 1981) was an Indonesian politician who served as the 6th

Minister of Education and Culture of Indonesia The Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology (Indonesian: ''Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi,'' abbreviated ''Kemdikbudristek'') is a government ministry of the Indonesian government responsible for educat ...

. He served in the Natsir and

Wilopo Cabinet The Wilopo Cabinet was an Indonesia, Indonesian cabinet that served from 1 April 1952 until 3 June 1953. Composition Cabinet Leadership *List of Prime Ministers of Indonesia, Prime Minister: Wilopo (Indonesian National Party – PNI) *Deputy Pr ...

Background

Bahder Djohan was the 5 10 children of Mohamad Rapal (Soetan Boerhanoedin) and Lisah. Bahder's father was a

prosecutor A prosecutor is a legal representative of the prosecution in states with either the common law adversarial system or the Civil law (legal system), civil law inquisitorial system. The prosecution is the legal party responsible for presenting the ...

. Bahder Djohan was styled Marah Besar when marrying Siti Zairi Yaman.

Education

Bahder initially attended a Malay school in Kampung Pondok,

Padang Padang () is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of West Sumatra. With a Census population of 1,015,000 as of 2022, it is the 16th most populous city in Indonesia and the most populous city on the west coast of Sumatra. Th ...

. In 1910, he followed his father to

Payakumbuh Payakumbuh (Indonesian: Kota Payakumbuh, Minangkabau: Payokumbuah, Jawi: ) is the second largest city in West Sumatra province, Indonesia, with a population of 116,825 at the 2010 Census and 139,576 at the 2020 Census. It covers an area of 80.4 ...

. In 1913, Bahder attended 1e Klasse Inlandsche School (First Class Indies School) in

Bukittinggi Bukittinggi ( min, Bukiktinggi, Jawi: , formerly nl, Fort de Kock) is the third largest city in West Sumatra, Indonesia, with a population of 111,312 in 2010 and 121,028 in 2020, and an area of 25.24 km2. It is in the Minangkabau Highlands ...

. There, he met

Mohammad Hatta Mohammad Hatta (; 12 August 1902 – 14 March 1980) was an Indonesian statesman and nationalist who served as the country's first vice president. Known as "The Proclamator", he and a number of Indonesians, including the first president of Indone ...

, later became his close friend. He only attended school in Bukittinggi for two years before moving to Hollands-Indische School (Dutch Indies School) in Padang. In 1917, Bahder completed his education in HIS and continued his education to Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs (

junior high school A middle school (also known as intermediate school, junior high school, junior secondary school, or lower secondary school) is an educational stage which exists in some countries, providing education between primary school and secondary school ...

) in the same city. In 1919, Bahder attended

STOVIA The ("school for the training of native physicians") or STOVIA was a medicine school in Batavia, now Indonesia's capital Jakarta. The school was officially opened in March 1902 in a building that is now the Museum of National Awakening in Welt ...

Batavia Batavia may refer to: Historical places * Batavia (region), a land inhabited by the Batavian people during the Roman Empire, today part of the Netherlands * Batavia, Dutch East Indies, present-day Jakarta, the former capital of the Dutch East In ...

(now Jakarta) for 8 years, and lived in a

dormitory A dormitory (originated from the Latin word ''dormitorium'', often abbreviated to dorm) is a building primarily providing sleeping and residential quarters for large numbers of people such as boarding school, high school, college or university s ...

located in the faculty complex. In November 12, 1927, he graduated from STOVIA and received his medical degree.

Career

In his youth, Bahder was one of

Jong Sumatranen Bond Jong may refer to: Surname *Chung (Korean surname), spelled Jong in North Korea *Zhong (surname), spelled Jong in the Gwoyeu Romatzyh system *Common Dutch surname "de Jong"; see ** De Jong ** De Jonge ** De Jongh *Erica Jong (born 1942), American ...

's leader. He was actively involved in

Youth Pledge The Youth Pledge ( id, Sumpah Pemuda) was a declaration made on 28 October 1928 by young Indonesian nationalists in the Second Youth Congress (). They proclaimed three ideas: one motherland, one nation and one language.Ricklefs (1982) p177 Back ...

. In the

First Youth Pledge First or 1st is the ordinal form of the number one (#1). First or 1st may also refer to: *World record, specifically the first instance of a particular achievement Arts and media Music * 1$T, American rapper, singer-songwriter, DJ, and reco ...

, Bahder delivered a speech about women's position. His speech "''Di Tangan Wanita'' (''In the Hand of Women'') was banned by Dutch colonial government. In the Independence era, Bahder was elected Minister of Education and Culture in Natsir (1950–1951) and Wilopo Cabinet (1952–1953). In 1953, he was appointed President of Central Hospital of Jakarta (now

Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central Hospital Cipto Mangunkusumo or Tjipto Mangoenkoesoemo (4 March 1886 in Pecangakan, Ambarawa, Semarang – 8 March 1943 in Batavia) was a prominent Indonesian independence leader and Sukarno's political mentor. Together with Ernest Douwes Dekker and Soewa ...

). Then, he was elected

Rector of University of Indonesia Rector (Latin for the member of a vessel's crew who steers) may refer to: Style or title *Rector (ecclesiastical), a cleric who functions as an administrative leader in some Christian denominations *Rector (academia), a senior official in an edu ...

, however in 1958, before his term of office ended, Bahder resigned following his disagreement with Indonesian government suppressing

Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia The Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia ( id, Pemerintah Revolusioner Republik Indonesia (PRRI)) was a revolutionary government set up in Sumatra to oppose the central government of Indonesia in 1958. Although frequently referr ...

by means of war.

Scouting

In September 1951 thirteen of the stronger

Scouting Scouting, also known as the Scout Movement, is a worldwide youth movement employing the Scout method, a program of informal education with an emphasis on practical outdoor activities, including camping, woodcraft, aquatics, hiking, backpacking ...

organizations met and decided to found a federating body to satisfy national and international needs.

Ikatan Pandu Indonesia ''Ikatan Pandu Indonesia'' (Ipindo) was the World Organization of the Scout Movement-recognized Indonesian national Scouting federation from 1953 to 1961. When Indonesia became an independent country, there were more than 60 separate Boy Scout an ...

– Ipindo for short – came into being.

Tuan Soemardjo Tuan may refer to: *Brush-tailed phascogale, an Australian marsupial animal also known as tuan *Zaiyi (1856–1923), Prince Duan (or Prince Tuan), a Qing Dynasty prince and statesman * Duan (surname), a Chinese surname spelled as Tuan in the older ...

was elected chief commissioner, and Dr. Djohan, an old Scout, became honorary President.John S. Wilson (1959), Scouting Round the World. First edition, Blandford Press. p. 254

Bibliography

* Djohan, Bahder, Bahder Djohan Pengabdi Kemanusiaan, PT Gunung Agung, Jakarta, 1980 * Hatta, Mohammad, Mohammad Hatta Memoir, Tinta Mas Jakarta, 1979

Footnotes

{{DEFAULTSORT:Djohan, Bahder 1902 births 1981 deaths People from Padang Minangkabau people Government ministers of Indonesia