''Bahar'' (

Persian Persian may refer to: * People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language ** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples ** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...

: بهار; DMG: Bahār;

English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England ** English national ide ...

: "Spring") was a Persian-language magazine founded in

Tehran Tehran (; fa, تهران ) is the largest city in Tehran Province and the capital of Iran. With a population of around 9 million in the city and around 16 million in the larger metropolitan area of Greater Tehran, Tehran is the most popul ...

in 1910 by Mirza Yusof Khan Ashtiani, a Persian poet and journalist. It was published monthly in two volumes (April 1910– October 1911 and April 1921–December 1922) in 17 or 16 editions.

About

At the beginning the publisher aimed to provide a forum for literary, scholarly, historical and political exchanges, as well as for the spread of information. The published articles were primarily written or translated by E'tesam-al-Molk himself.Rypka, Jan (1959): Iranische Literaturgeschichte. Leipzig: VEB Otto Harrassowitz, p. 367.

Editor-in-chief An editor-in-chief (EIC), also known as lead editor or chief editor, is a publication's editorial leader who has final responsibility for its operations and policies. The highest-ranking editor of a publication may also be titled editor, managing ...

of the first volume was Mirza Reza Khan Modabber-al-Mamalek, the later editor of ''Tamaddon'' (1920).

Abbas Khalili Abbas ibn Asadullah bin Ali al-Khalili al-Najafi, also known as Abbas al-Khalili, and Abbas Khalili (1895 or 1896 – 10 February 1972) was an Iraqi-born Iranian diplomat, newspaper publisher, poet and novelist. He was a pillar of the Najaf rev ...

, who also published newspaper (1921), acted as editor-in-chief of the second volume. Under Khalili, the publication of literary topics and translations of European literature increased. Well-known examples include works of

Victor Hugo Victor-Marie Hugo (; 26 February 1802 – 22 May 1885) was a French Romantic writer and politician. During a literary career that spanned more than sixty years, he wrote in a variety of genres and forms. He is considered to be one of the great ...

and Rousseau as well as

Lermontov Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov (; russian: Михаи́л Ю́рьевич Ле́рмонтов, p=mʲɪxɐˈil ˈjurʲjɪvʲɪtɕ ˈlʲɛrməntəf; – ) was a Russian Romantic writer, poet and painter, sometimes called "the poet of the Caucas ...

's "

Demon A demon is a malevolent supernatural entity. Historically, belief in demons, or stories about demons, occurs in religion, occultism, literature, fiction, mythology, and folklore; as well as in media such as comics, video games, movies, ani ...

". Discussions of contemporary Persian literature and literary criticism became increasingly popular among readers.

References

External links

* Online-Version
Bahār
1910 establishments in Iran 1922 disestablishments in Iran Defunct magazines published in Iran Defunct political magazines Monthly magazines published in Iran Magazines established in 1910 Magazines disestablished in 1922 Magazines published in Tehran Persian-language magazines Qajar Iran {{poli-mag-stub