Baal-Eser I (Beleazarus I, Ba‘l-mazzer I) was a king of Tyre. His father,

Hiram I Hiram I ( Phoenician: 𐤇𐤓𐤌 ''Ḥirōm'' "my brother is exalted"; Hebrew: ''Ḥīrām'', Modern Arabic: حيرام, also called ''Hirom'' or ''Huram'') was the Phoenician king of Tyre according to the Hebrew Bible. His regnal years have b ...

, was a contemporary of

David David (; , "beloved one") (traditional spelling), , ''Dāwūd''; grc-koi, Δαυΐδ, Dauíd; la, Davidus, David; gez , ዳዊት, ''Dawit''; xcl, Դաւիթ, ''Dawitʿ''; cu, Давíдъ, ''Davidŭ''; possibly meaning "beloved one". w ...

and

Solomon Solomon (; , ),, ; ar, سُلَيْمَان, ', , ; el, Σολομών, ; la, Salomon also called Jedidiah (Hebrew language, Hebrew: , Modern Hebrew, Modern: , Tiberian Hebrew, Tiberian: ''Yăḏīḏăyāh'', "beloved of Yahweh, Yah"), ...

, kings of Israel. The only information available about Baal-Eser I comes from the following citation of the Phoenician author

Menander of Ephesus Menander of Ephesus ( grc-gre, Μένανδρος; fl. c. early 2nd century BC) was the historian whose lost work on the history of Tyre was used by Josephus, who quotes Menander's list of kings of Tyre in his apologia for the Jews, ''Against Apio ...

, in Josephus's ''Against Apion'' I.121:

Upon the death of Hirom, Beleazarus his son took the kingdom; he lived forty-three years, and reigned seven years: after him succeeded his son Abdastartus.

The dates for Baal-Eser are established from the dates for Hiram. The dating of Hiram and the following kings is based on the studies of J. Liver, J. M. Peñuela, F. M. Cross, and William H. Barnes, all of whom build on the inscriptional evidence of a synchronism between

Baal-Eser II Baal-Eser II (846–841 BC), also known as Balbazer II and Ba'l-mazzer I was a king of Tyre, the son of Ithobaal I, brother of Jezebel and brother-in-law of Ahab. The primary information related to Baal-Eser II comes from Josephus's citation of ...

and

Shalmaneser III Shalmaneser III (''Šulmānu-ašarēdu'', "the god Shulmanu is pre-eminent") was king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire from the death of his father Ashurnasirpal II in 859 BC to his own death in 824 BC. His long reign was a constant series of campai ...

in 841 BC.Fuad Safar, “A Further Text of Shalmaneser III from Assur,” ''Sumer'' 7 (1951) 3-21. Earlier studies that did not take this inscriptional evidence into consideration will have differing dates for the kings of Tyre. A further overview of the chronology of Tyrian kings from

Pygmalion Pygmalion or Pigmalion may refer to: Mythology * Pygmalion (mythology), a sculptor who fell in love with his statue Stage * ''Pigmalion'' (opera), a 1745 opera by Jean-Philippe Rameau * ''Pygmalion'' (Rousseau), a 1762 melodrama by Jean-Jacques ...

, with a discussion of the importance of Dido's flight from Tyre and eventual founding of

Carthage Carthage was the capital city of Ancient Carthage, on the eastern side of the Lake of Tunis in what is now Tunisia. Carthage was one of the most important trading hubs of the Ancient Mediterranean and one of the most affluent cities of the classi ...

for dating these kings, is found in the

Pygmalion of Tyre Pygmalion (Ancient Greek: ; Latin: ), was king of Tyre from 831 to 785 BCE and a son of King Mattan I (840–832 BCE). During Pygmalion's reign, Tyre seems to have shifted the heart of its trading empire from the Middle East to the Mediterrane ...

article.

References

{{reflist Kings of Tyre 973 BC births 10th-century BC deaths 10th-century BC Phoenician people

See also

References