The
BMW M10 is an SOHC four-cylinder petrol engine which was produced from 1962-1988. It was BMW's first four-cylinder engine since the
BMW 309 ended production in 1936 and was introduced in the
New Class sedans.
Over 3.5 million M10 engines were produced during the M10's 26 year production run, and it was used in many BMW models.
The turbocharged
BMW M12
The BMW M12/13 turbo was a 1499.8 cc 4-cylinder turbocharged Formula One engine, based on the standard BMW M10 engine introduced in 1961, powered the F1 cars of Brabham, Arrows and Benetton. Nelson Piquet won the FIA Formula One Drivers' ...
engine— used in the Formula One racing— was based on the M10 engine block and produced up to in qualifying trim.
Following the introduction of the
BMW M40 engine in 1987, the M10 began to be phased out.
Development
Baron Alex von Falkenhausen— an engineer and racing driver— designed the M10 .
In the late 1950s, he was asked to design an engine with a displacement of , however he felt that this would be insufficient for the company's future needs. Therefore, he convinced BMW that the capacity should be instead and he designed a block that could be expanded to in the future.
Design
The M10 has a forged crankshaft, counterbalance weights, five main bearings and a chain-driven camshaft. The block is made from cast iron and the head is made from aluminium. The initial version of the M10 had a
bore of and a
stroke
A stroke is a medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain causes cell death. There are two main types of stroke: ischemic, due to lack of blood flow, and hemorrhagic, due to bleeding. Both cause parts of the brain to stop functionin ...
of , resulting in a displacement of . It had
hemispherical combustion chamber
A hemispherical combustion chamber is a type of combustion chamber in a reciprocating internal combustion engine with a domed cylinder head notionally in the approximate shape of a hemisphere (in reality usually a spheric section thereof). An en ...
s, an aluminum alloy head and two valves per cylinder. The peak power rating was .
Naming conventions
The engine was initially known as the "M115" (the last two digits representing the 1.5–litre capacity). Over the years, variants of the engine were given various codes (most of them starting with "M1" and the remaining digits relating to the capacity). In 1975, the engine became known as then "M10", then in 1980 it was given the standardised BMW engine code of M10B18 (where "M10" represents the series, B represents petrol (''Benzin'' in German) and the "18" represents the 1.8–litre capacity).
The M115 and all related engines have become retroactively known as the "M10" family.
Versions
1499 cc engines
The M115 version has a displacement of and produces . It has a bore of and a stroke of . Lower power models have a
compression ratio
The compression ratio is the ratio between the volume of the cylinder and combustion chamber in an internal combustion engine at their maximum and minimum values.
A fundamental specification for such engines, it is measured two ways: the stati ...
of 8.0:1, while higher power models have a compressions ratio of 8.8:1. Fuel is supplied via a
Solex Solex may refer to:
* Solex (musician), Dutch musician
* Solex Carburetor, a French manufacturer of carburetors and the powered bicycle VéloSoleX
* Solex College, a former private for-profit college in Chicago, Illinois
* Solex Unit, a fictiona ...
38 PDSI carburettor.
Applications:
* 1962-1964
BMW 1500
Year 1500 ( MD) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. The year 1500 was not a leap year in the Proleptic Gregorian calendar.
The year was seen as being especially important by many Christians in Europe, who thought it ...
* 1975-1977
BMW 1502
1573 cc engines
The M116 version has a displacement of and produces . It has a bore of and a stroke of . The standard specification has a compression ratio of 8.6:1 and uses a Solex 38 PDSI carburettor. The 1600 ti version has a compression ratio of 9.5:1 and uses twin Solex 40 PHH carburettors.
Applications:
* 1964-1966
BMW 1600—
* 1966-1975
BMW 1600-2/1602—
* 1967-1968
BMW 1600 ti—
The M41 version produces , has an 8.3:1 compression ratio and fuel is supplied by a Solex 32 DIDTA carburettor.
Applications:
* 1975-1980
E21 316
The M98 version produces , has a compression ratio of 9.5:1 and uses a Pierburg 1B2 carburettor.
Applications:
* 1981-1983
E21 315
1766 cc engines
The M10B18 version produces , depending on specification. The bore is and the stroke is .
Applications:
* 1969-1972
1800— , 8.6:1 compression, Solex 36-40 PDSI carburettor
* 1971-1975
1802— , 8.6:1 compression, Solex 38 PDSI carburettor
* 1980-1983
E21 320i/320is— U.S. only, , 8.8:1 compression,
Bosch K-Jetronic mechanical fuel injection
Fuel injection is the introduction of fuel in an internal combustion engine, most commonly automotive engines, by the means of an injector. This article focuses on fuel injection in reciprocating piston and Wankel rotary engines.
All comp ...
* 1980-1983
E12 518— South Africa only, , 10.0:1 compression, Bosch K-Jetronic mechanical fuel injection
*1982-1987
E30 316 — , 9.5:1 compression, Pierburg 2BE carburettor, Ecotronic.
* 1982-1988
E30 318i— , 10.0:1 compression,
Bosch L-Jetronic electronic fuel injection
* 1981-1988
E28 518i— , 9.5:1 compression,
Bosch LE-Jetronic mechanical fuel injection.
1773 cc engines
The M118 version has a displacement of and produces , depending on specification. The bore is and the stroke is .
Applications:
* 1963-1968
1800— , 8.6:1 compression, Solex 36-40 PDSI carburettor
* 1963-1966
1800ti— , 9.5:1 compression, twin Solex 40 PHH carburettors
* 1964-1965
1800tiSA— , 10.5:1 compression, twin Weber DCOE-45 carburettors
* 1974-1981
E12 518— , 8.6:1 compression, Solex 38 PDSI carburettor
1990 cc engines
The M05 version has a displacement of and produces , depending on specification. It has a bore of and a stroke of .
Applications:
* 1965-1970
BMW 2000CS— , 9.3:1 compression, 2x Solex 40 PHH carburettors
* 1966-1970
BMW 2000C— , 8.5:1 compression, Solex 40 PDSI carburettor
* 1966-1972
BMW 2000
2000 was designated as the International Year for the Culture of Peace and the World Mathematical Year.
Popular culture holds the year 2000 as the first year of the 21st century and the 3rd millennium, because of a tendency to group the y ...
— , 8.5:1 compression, Solex 40 PDSI carburettor
* 1966-1971
BMW 2000ti— , 9.3:1 compression, 2x Solex 40 PHH carburettors
* 1968-1976
BMW 2002
File:2002 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 2002 Winter Olympics are held in Salt Lake City; Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother and her daughter Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon die; East Timor gains independence from Indonesia and ...
— , 8.5:1 compression, Solex 40 PDSI carburettor
The M15 version used the
Kugelfischer
Kugelfischer injection (also called ''System Kugelfischer'') is the name for a mechanical fuel injection (MFI) pump. It was produced by FAG Kugelfischer and later by Robert Bosch GmbH
Derived from diesel pumps from the early 1960s, the Kugelfisch ...
mechanical fuel injection and produced . It was also known as the ''tii'' engine.
Applications:
* 1970-1973
2000tii
* 1972-1974
2002tii
* 1972-1974
E12 520i
The M17 version produces . It has compression ratio of 9.0:1 and uses either a
Stromberg 175 CDET or a Solex 4A1 carburettor.
Applications:
* 1972-1977
E12 520
The M43/1 version has a compression ratio of 8.1:1 and produces .
Applications:
* 1975-1979
E21 320— Solex 32-32 DIDTA carburettor
* 1975-1979
E21 320i— USA only, Bosch K-Jetronic mechanical fuel injection
The M64 version produces . It has a compression ratio of 9.3:1 and uses Bosch K-Jetronic mechanical fuel injection.
Applications:
* 1975-1978
E21 320i
* 1975-1979
E12 520i
The M31 version uses a
KKK BLD turbocharger operating @ 7psi and produces . It has a compression ratio of 6.9:1 and uses Schafer PL 04 mechanical fuel injection.
Applications:
* 1973-1975
2002 turbo
Related engines
The highly successful M12 turbocharged motorsport engine was based on the M10 engine block.
The S14 engine used in the
E30 M3
The BMW M3 is a high-performance version of the BMW 3 Series, developed by BMW's in-house motorsport division, BMW M GmbH. M3 models have been produced for every generation of 3 Series since the E30 M3 was introduced in 1986.
The initial model ...
was based on the M10 block.
See also
*
BMW
*
List of BMW engines
BMW has been producing engines for automobiles, motorcycles and aircraft since 1917, when the company began production of an inline-six aircraft engine. They have been producing automobile engines since 1933.
Motorcycle engines
Automotive ...
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bmw M10
M10
Straight-four engines
Gasoline engines by model