Autologous stem-cell transplantation (also called autogenous, autogeneic, or autogenic stem-cell transplantation and abbreviated auto-SCT) is
autologous transplantation of
stem cell
In multicellular organisms, stem cells are undifferentiated or partially differentiated cells that can differentiate into various types of cells and proliferate indefinitely to produce more of the same stem cell. They are the earliest type o ...
s—that is, transplantation in which stem cells (
undifferentiated cells from which other cell types develop) are removed from a person, stored, and later given back to that same person.
Although it is most frequently performed with
hematopoietic stem cell
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the stem cells that give rise to other blood cells. This process is called haematopoiesis. In vertebrates, the very first definitive HSCs arise from the ventral endothelial wall of the embryonic aorta within t ...
s (precursors of blood-forming cells) in
hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) is the transplantation of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells, usually derived from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood in order to replicate inside of a patient and to produc ...
,
cardiac cell
Cardiac muscle (also called heart muscle, myocardium, cardiomyocytes and cardiac myocytes) is one of three types of vertebrate Muscle tissue, muscle tissues, with the other two being skeletal muscle and smooth muscle. It is an involuntary, striat ...
s have also been used successfully to repair damage caused by heart attacks.
Autologous stem-cell transplantation is distinguished from
allogenic
In ecology, allogenic succession is succession driven by the abiotic components of an ecosystem. In contrast, autogenic succession is driven by the biotic components of the ecosystem. An allogenic succession can be brought about in a number of ways ...
stem cell transplantation where the donor and the recipient of the stem cells are different people.
See also
*
Autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation
*
Stem-cell therapy
Stem-cell therapy is the use of stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition. , the only established therapy using stem cells is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This usually takes the form of a bone-marrow transplantation, but ...
References
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External links
Autologous stem-cell transplantationentry in the public domain NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms
University of Louisville. "Two years out, patients receiving stem cell therapy show sustained heart function improvement, study suggests." ScienceDaily, 6 Nov. 2012. Web. 6 Nov. 2012.
Transplantation medicine
Stem cells
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