Augusto Carlos Teixeira de Aragão • • • (15 June 1823 – 29 April 1903) was a Portuguese officer,

doctor Doctor or The Doctor may refer to: Personal titles * Doctor (title), the holder of an accredited academic degree * A medical practitioner, including: ** Physician ** Surgeon ** Dentist ** Veterinary physician ** Optometrist *Other roles ** ...

numismatist A numismatist is a specialist in numismatics ("of coins"; from Late Latin ''numismatis'', genitive of ''numisma''). Numismatists include collectors, specialist dealers, and scholars who use coins and other currency in object-based research. Altho ...

archaeologist Archaeology or archeology is the scientific study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landsca ...

and

historian A historian is a person who studies and writes about the past and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, methodical narrative and research of past events as relating to the human race; as well as the st ...

. As an officer of the

Portuguese army The Portuguese Army ( pt, Exército Português) is the land component of the Armed Forces of Portugal and is also its largest branch. It is charged with the defence of Portugal, in co-operation with other branches of the Armed Forces. With it ...

, he retired with the rank of general. Teixeira de Aragão is considered one of the "fathers" of Portuguese numismatics.

Biography

He was the son of José Maria Teixeira de Aragão and his wife, Mariana Hermógenes da Silva. He graduated in medicine, having reached the position of surgeon-in-chief of the Portuguese Army. As a surgeon in the parish of Melides in the county of

Santiago do Cacém Santiago do Cacém ( or ) is a municipality in Setúbal District in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 29,749, in an area of 1059.69 km2. The present mayor is Álvaro Beijinha, elected by the Unitary Democratic Coalition. The municipal holi ...

, he participated with aiding the victims of the 1849

dysentery Dysentery (UK pronunciation: , US: ), historically known as the bloody flux, is a type of gastroenteritis that results in bloody diarrhea. Other symptoms may include fever, abdominal pain, and a feeling of incomplete defecation. Complications ...

epidemic.Commission of providence and aid the needy and affected by the epidemic of dysentery
From an early age, he devoted himself to collecting numismatics, which paired with his extraordinary intellectual activity and a friendship with the King

Luis I of Portugal Luis is a given name. It is the Spanish form of the originally Germanic name or . Other Iberian Romance languages have comparable forms: (with an accent mark on the i) in Portuguese and Galician, in Aragonese and Catalan, while is archaic ...

. This allowed him to delve in depth to this field of science. In the 1860s, he was one of the responsibles for the work of rediscovery of the archaeological site of the Roman town

Balsa ''Ochroma pyramidale'', commonly known as the balsa tree, is a large, fast-growing tree native to the Americas. It is the sole member of the genus ''Ochroma''. The tree is famous for its wide usage in woodworking, with the name ''balsa'' being ...

Tavira Tavira () is a Portuguese town and municipality, capital of the ''Costa do Acantilado'', situated in the east of the Algarve on the south coast of Portugal. It is east of Faro and west of Huelva across the river Guadiana into Spain. The Gilã ...

.Discover Balsa
In 1867, he acted as Conservative of the Office of the

Ajuda National Palace The Palace of Ajuda ( pt, Palácio da Ajuda, ) is a neoclassical monument in the civil parish of Ajuda in the city of Lisbon, central Portugal. Built on the site of a temporary wooden building constructed to house the Royal family after the 175 ...

, and was responsible for organizing, cataloging and exhibition of the contents of the collection of the Ajuda Antiquities Museum. They assembled pieces of great value belonging to the treasury of the Portuguese Royal House, the extinct convents and individuals. During the performance of these functions, Teixeira de Aragão was entrusted with the task of bringing some of the objects of the Portuguese Royal Collection at the

Exposition Universelle (1867) The International Exposition of 1867 (french: Exposition universelle 'art et d'industriede 1867), was the second world's fair to be held in Paris, from 1 April to 3 November 1867. A number of nations were represented at the fair. Following a dec ...

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. Si ...

. The Commission de l'histoire du Travail of this exhibition attributed the gold medal to the collection. During the period of exposure, Teixeira de Aragão had the opportunity to get in touch with the world's most renowned personalities in the field of numismatics. In 1870, he published ''Descrição Histórica das Moedas Romanas Existentes no Gabinete Numismático de sua Majestade El-Rei O Senhor D. Luiz I''. A year later, he was admitted as a corresponding member of the Brazilian Historical and Geographical Institute by the Commission of Archaeology and Ethnography.Opinion of the Archaeology and Ethnography Commission about the work - Descripção histórica das moedas romanas existentes no gabinete numismático de sua Majestade El-Rei O Senhor D. Luiz I
In 1874, he joined the Independence Historical Society of Portugal-SHIP, having occupied the post of vice-treasurer of the Central Committee of 1 December 1640. In 1875, went public with the first of three volumes of the monumental work of the ''Descrição Geral e Histórica das Moedas Cunhadas em Nome dos Reis, Regentes e Governadores de Portugal''. Teixeira de Aragão came to planning a fourth volume of this work, which include the currencies of Brazil and Portuguese West Africa countries, which failed to materialize. In the same year was part of the Commission of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts, appointed by the Government of the time, with the aim to propose the reform of Education of Fine Arts, the plan for the organization of museums, and service of Historic Monuments and archeology. He reproduced the exact design of the Medal of Olhão that Olhanenses granted to the then Prince Regent D. João. On 28 December 1876, he was elected to the section of History and Archaeology at the Royal Academy of Sciences of Lisbon. In 1877, participated in the archaeological conference's Citânia de Briteiros in Guimarães.Conferência da Citânia de Briteiros
In 1880, he was appointed Royal Commissioner by the Academy of Sciences in order to proceed with the preparation and implementation of the program of repatriating remains of

Vasco da Gama Vasco da Gama, 1st Count of Vidigueira (; ; c. 1460s – 24 December 1524), was a Portuguese explorer and the first European to reach India by sea. His initial voyage to India by way of Cape of Good Hope (1497–1499) was the first to link ...

, from the Church of the Convent of Our Lady of Relics in

Vidigueira Vidigueira ( or ) is a town and a List of municipalities of Portugal, municipality in the District of Beja (Portugal), District of Beja in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 5,932, in an area of 316.61 km2. The present Mayor is Manuel Rosa ...

to the Jeronimos Monastery where he still remain. He became a member of the commission created by the Portuguese Royal Association of Architects and Civil Archeologos (RAACAP). The association's main objective was related to the equity issue by holding exhibitions to governments on the conservation of historical monuments. In the year 1881, he was part of the organizing committee nominated for the exhibition Special Loan Exhibition of Spanish and Portuguese Ornamental Art displayed at the

South Kensington Museum South is one of the cardinal directions or compass points. The direction is the opposite of north and is perpendicular to both east and west. Etymology The word ''south'' comes from Old English ''sūþ'', from earlier Proto-Germanic ''*sunþa ...

London London is the capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary dow ...

. He was a member of the Geographical Society of Lisbon, the "Société Française de Numismatique" and the Committee of Antiquities of the "Real Academia de la Historia de Madrid".Comissão de Antiguidades da Real Academia de la História de Madrid
In Brazil, was admitted as a counselor to Historical and Geographical Institute of São Paulo.

Work

*''As minhas ferias''. Lisboa: Typographia da Academia das Bellas Artes, 1843. 64p. *''O Hercules Preto. ''Lisboa: Typographia de Martins, 1846. 268p. *
Vidigueira: Fragmentos históricos
'. Beja: ''O Bejense'', 1861. *
Vidigueira: Convento do Carmo
'. Beja: ''O Bejense'', 1861. *Algumas causas que podem contribuir para a frequência tísica nos alunos do Real Colégio Militar. Escholiaste Médico. 1866. *
Description des Monnaies, Médailles et Autres Objects D'Art Concernant L'Histoire Portugaise
'. Paris: Imprimerie Administrative de Paul Dupont, 1867. 171p. *''Notes sur quelques numismates portugais des XVIIe, XVIIIe et XIXe siècles : lettre a M. le vicomte de Ponton d'Amécourt''. Paris: Pillet, 1867. *
Relatório sobre o Cemitério Romano Descoberto próximo da cidade de Tavira em Maio de 1868
'. Lisboa: Imprensa Nacional, 1868. 20p. *''Catálogo descriptivo das moedas e medalhas portuguezas que formam parte da colecção do Visconde de Sanches de Baena''. Lisboa: Typographia de Castro Irmão, 1869. *
Descripção Histórica das Moedas Romanas existentes no Gabinete Numismático de sua Magestade EL-Rei O Senhor Dom Luiz I
'. Typographya Universal, 1870. 640p. *
D. Vasco da Gama e a Villa da Vidigueira D. Vasco da Gama e a Villa da Vidigueira
'. Lisboa: Typographya Universal, 1871. *''Typos politicos: Mestre Manoel Camões''. Lisboa: Almanach Arsejas - Liv. Arsejas, 1872. *
Descrição geral e histórica das moedas cunhadas em nome dos reis, regentes e governadores de Portugal (Tomo I)
'. Lisboa: Imprensa Nacional, 1875. 538p. *
Descrição geral e histórica das moedas cunhadas em nome dos reis, regentes e governadores de Portugal (Tomo II)
'.Lisboa: Imprensa Nacional, 1877. 578p. *
Descrição geral e histórica das moedas cunhadas em nome dos reis, regentes e governadores de Portugal (Tomo III)
'. Lisboa: Imprensa Nacional, 1880. 714p. *Revista Militar Tomo XXXVIII. Lisboa, 1886.P548-551. *
Vasco da Gama e a Vidigueira: Estudo historico
'. Lisboa: Imprensa Nacional, 1887. 164p. *

'. Lisboa: Typographia da Academia Real das Sciencias, 1887. 25 p. *
Breve noticia sobre o descobrimento da América
'. Lisboa: Typographya da Academia Real das Sciencias, 1892. 80p. *
Catálogo dos objectos de arte e industria dos indígenas da América que, pelas festas commemorativas do 4º centenário da sua descoberta, a Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa envia à Exposição de Madrid
'. Lisboa: Typographya da Academia Real das Sciencias, 1892. 44p. *
Diabruras, santidades e prophecias
'. Lisboa: Typographya da Academia Real das Sciencias, 1894. 151p. *A Torocentese ou Operação do Empiema. Lisboa 1894. *
Antiguidades romanas de Balsa
'. Lisboa: O Archeologo Português, 1896.N.º2.p55-57. *
Memoria historica sobre os Palacios da residencia dos V. Reys da India
'. Manuscrito.

Awards and honours

*Knight of the Military Order of the Tower and of the Sword, of Valour, Loyalty and Merit (1868) (Portugal).Knight of Tower and Sword Military Order
/ref> *Knight of the Royal Military Order of Christ (Portugal). *Commander of the

Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa The Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa (also known as The Order of Our Lady of Conception of Vila Vicosa; pt, Ordem de Nossa Senhora da Conceição de Vila Viçosa) is a dynastic order of knighthood of the House of Braganza, the f ...

(Portugal). *Commander of the Royal Military Order of AvizCommander of S. Bento de Avis Military Order
(1870) (Portugal). *Grand Officer of the Royal Military Order of Aviz (Portugal). *Knight of the Royal Military Order of AvizKnight of Aviz Military Order
(1874) (Portugal). *Knight of the

Order of the Iron Crown (Austria) The Imperial Order of the Iron Crown (german: Kaiserlicher Orden der Eisernen Krone; it, Ordine imperiale della Corona ferrea) was one of the highest orders of merit in the Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary until 1918. It was founded in 1815 b ...

. *Knight of the Royal Order of Charles III (Spain). *Commander of the Royal Order of Charles III (Spain). *Knight of the

Order of the White Elephant __NOTOC__ The Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant ( th, เครื่องราชอิสริยาภรณ์อันเป็นที่เชิดชูยิ่งช้างเผือก; ) is an order of Thailand. It wa ...

(

Siam Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is bo ...

). *Knight of the Order of Nichan Iftikhar (Tunisia). *Three silver medals in the Class of Military Value, Good Services and Outstanding Behaviour. *Teixeira de Aragão MedalTeixeira de Aragão Medal
- minted by the Portuguese Society of Numismatics in 1963 in patinated

bronze Bronze is an alloy consisting primarily of copper, commonly with about 12–12.5% tin and often with the addition of other metals (including aluminium, manganese, nickel, or zinc) and sometimes non-metals, such as phosphorus, or metalloids suc ...

, with a diameter of and weight of . *Praça Doutor Teixeira de Aragão – a public square in the parish of Benfica, Lisbon – was named after him.

Bibliography

*BOTELHO, Luis Silveira. ''Médicos na toponímia de Lisboa''. Lisboa: Câmara Municipal. Comissão Municipal de Toponímia, 1992. p183-184 il. *CORDEIRO, Valdemar.
DO MODESTO DISCÍPULO-AO MESTRE TEIXEIRA DE ARAGÃO
'. Nº 33 VOL. X-2. NVMMVS - Boletim da Sociedade Portuguesa de Numismática. Porto. Dezembro 1974. p9-14. *''

Grande Enciclopédia Portuguesa e Brasileira ''Grande Enciclopédia Portuguesa e Brasileira'' (''Great Portuguese and Brazilian Encyclopaedia'') is a Portuguese 40-volume encyclopedia, published between 1936 and 1960 by Editorial Enciclopédia. It is both a dictionary, focusing on the stu ...

''. ''Teixeira de Aragão''. Lisboa:Editorial Enciclopédia Lda. 1936-1960. Vol31, p51. *FERNANDES, Manuel Bernardo Lopes. ''Memoria das medalhas e condecorações portuguezas e das estrangeiras com relação a Portugal''.Lisboa: Typographya. 1861. p62-63. *FERREIRA, Licínia Rodrigues. ''Sócios do Instituto de Coimbra: 1852-1978''. Coimbra: .n. 2012. p12. *INCM - Exposição Numismática - Colecção D. Luís. Lisboa, Vila Viçosa. *LIMA, Joaquim Falcão de.''Gente de Entre Searas e Montados''. Guarda-Mor. 2008. p174. *MARQUES, J.A.. Escholiaste Médico. Nº 296, 301, 303 e 305 Vol. XVIII, 1867. *MATEU Y LLOPIS, Felipe
''Cartas inéditas de Teixeira de Aragão''
Revista de Guimarães. Separata de fasc. 1-2 do volume LIX. Guimarães .n. 1948.p113-119. *Nota biográfica.
O CENTENÁRIO DE UMA OBRA DE NUMISMÁTICA
'. Nº 33 VOL. X-2. NVMMVS - Boletim da Sociedade Portuguesa de Numismática. Porto. Dezembro 1974. p1-7. *PEIXOTO, António Rocha
''Os Mortos''
Portugália - Materiaes para o estudo do povo portuguez. Porto: Portugália, tomo I, n.º 4 (24 Outubro 1903), p863. *PEREIRA, João Manuel Esteves e RODRIGUES, Guilherme. ''Augusto Carlos Teixeira de Aragão''
Diccionario historico, chorographico, heraldico, biographico, bibliographico, numismatico e artistico
VOL I-A. Lisboa. João Romano Torres. 1904. p631-632. *VASCONCELOS, António L. T. C. Pestana de. ''Costados Alentejanos''. 2ª edição. Évora. 2005. p101. *VASCONCELOS, José Leite de. ''Teixeira de Aragão'' e ''Cartas inéditas de vários escritores dirigidas a Teixeira de Aragão'' . O Archeologo Português. Lisboa. IX, 1904, p134-142, XI, p252, XII, p104, XIII, 1908, p357, XXIX, 1933, p218-222.''Da Numismática em Portugal''. Lisboa, s.n., 1923. *VENCES E COSTA, C.
''General Augusto Carlos Teixeira de Aragão - Perfil biográfico de um ilustre colaborador da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa''
Boletim Informação. Lisboa: Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa, 1985.p4-5 e p17. *XAVIER, Hugo
''O "Museu de Antiguidades" da Ajuda: Numismática e Ourivesaria das Coleções Reais ao tempo de D. Luís ''
. Revista de História da Arte nº8. Instituto de História da Arte FCSH/UNL. 2011. p70-87.

References

External links

Évora District ArchiveLisbon Sciences Academy

Portuguese Army

Geneall.net
{{DEFAULTSORT:Aragao, Augusto Carlos Teixeira De 1823 births 1903 deaths People from Lisbon Portuguese surgeons 19th-century Portuguese physicians Portuguese generals Portuguese numismatists Portuguese archaeologists 19th-century Portuguese historians Commanders of the Order of Aviz Grand Officers of the Order of Aviz Knights of the Military Order of Christ Knights of the Order of Aviz Commanders of the Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa