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Auburn is a Western Sydney suburb in the state of
New South Wales ) , nickname = , image_map = New South Wales in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of New South Wales in AustraliaCoordinates: , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , es ...
, Australia. Auburn is located west of the
Sydney central business district The Sydney central business district (CBD) is the historical and main commercial centre of Sydney. The CBD is Sydney's city centre, or Sydney City, and the two terms are used interchangeably. Colloquially, the CBD or city centre is often referr ...
and is in the
local government area A local government area (LGA) is an administrative division of a country that a local government is responsible for. The size of an LGA varies by country but it is generally a subdivision of a State (administrative division), state, province, divi ...
of Cumberland City Council, having previously been the administrative centre of Auburn Council. The suburb was named after
Oliver Goldsmith Oliver Goldsmith (10 November 1728 – 4 April 1774) was an Anglo-Irish novelist, playwright, dramatist and poet, who is best known for his novel '' The Vicar of Wakefield'' (1766), his pastoral poem '' The Deserted Village'' (1770), and his ...
's poem '' The Deserted Village'', which describes 'Auburn' in
England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe ...
as the "loveliest village of the plain". Auburn prides itself as one of the most multicultural communities in Australia, being home to a high percentage of immigrants from
Afghan Afghan may refer to: *Something of or related to Afghanistan, a country in Southern-Central Asia *Afghans, people or citizens of Afghanistan, typically of any ethnicity **Afghan (ethnonym), the historic term applied strictly to people of the Pash ...
, Turkish, Lebanese, and Chinese backgrounds.


History


Origins

The Auburn area was once used by Aboriginal people as a market place for the exchange of goods, a site for ritual battles and a 'Law Place' for ceremonies. The area was located on the border between the Darug inland group and the Eora/Dharawal coastal group. The Wangal and Wategoro, sub-groups or clans, are the groups most often recognised as the original inhabitants of the Auburn/Homebush Bay region. Bennelong, one of the most famous Natives of the time, was a member of Wangal, as was his wife, Barangaroo. Pemulwuy, who organised tribes to resist the white settlement of the Sydney region from 1790 to 1802 was also a member of the Wangal. On 5 February 1788, soon after the landing of Captain Phillip at Sydney Cove, Captain John Hunter and Lieutenant William Bradley sailed up what is now known as the Parramatta River, as far as Homebush Bay. Captain Hunter was the first European to set foot within the Auburn Local Government Area. Ten days later, the Governor, along with a well-armed party in three boats, reached Homebush Bay. They ventured about inland. The following day a party of explorers traced the river in a westerly direction, coming to the place where the Duck River enters the Parramatta River. They explored the tributary as far as the depth of water permitted. Seeing what appeared to be ducks rising out of a swamp covered with reeds, they named the river Duck River. The ducks were actually Eastern Swamp Hens, but the name Duck River remained. The Eastern Swamp Hen featured prominently on the council's Coat of Arms and was part of the former Auburn City Council logo.


Settlement

In February 1793, Auburn area was established as the first free-agricultural settlement thanks to Governor Phillip's repeated applications to the British government for free settlers. Phillip was of the opinion that only free settlers with the assistance of convicts will be able to create an environment in which a country could support its inhabitants. Secretary Dundas endorsed Governor's opinion and secured an agreement with several farmers, some of whom were members of the Religious Society of Friends (
Quakers Quakers are people who belong to a historically Protestant Christian set of denominations known formally as the Religious Society of Friends. Members of these movements ("theFriends") are generally united by a belief in each human's abili ...
), to settle in the colony. The first grants were given to Thomas Rose, Frederic Meredith, Thomas and Joseph Webb as well as Edward Powell. The deeds of the land described the farms' location as Liberty Plains and this is the name given to the neighbourhood of their farms by the first settlers, although the actual area bearing that name was a little further, lying at the upper part of Port Jackson. Dwellers of the Liberty Plains Parish were very proud of the fact that in the colony of felons they were the first people who came to Australia as free men and were given a privilege of choosing their own grants. This proud heritage is reflected in the motto on the Auburn coat of arms: "Liberty, with steady zeal". In the late 1870s a "township" was surveyed "in the centre of the Liberty Plains… 11 miles from Sydney, on the Suburban Railway line" and divided into "fine township allotments all fronting grand wide streets". The subdivision was named 'Auburn', being a reference to Goldsmith's poem 'The Deserted Village'. The poem begins: "Sweet Auburn! Loveliest village of the plain". Advertisements for the sale of allotments in May 1878 quoted the poem and added: "So wrote the poet in years gone by in describing the 'Auburn' of Old England, and fitly does it describe the new Auburn of the Sunny South". One of the early settlers in the area was Fred Chisholm, who had an estate west of the present site of Auburn railway station. In the 1880s, John Buchanan, a timber merchant, purchased land from Fred Chisholm and built his home, 'Duncraggarn Hall', a two-storey Italianate mansion with a central tower and elaborate wrought-iron balconies. In 1892, Buchanan sold his thirteen-acre estate to the Sisters of Charity, who turned the house into St Joseph's Hospital for Consumptives. In 1903, extensions to the hospital were constructed and the house itself became a convent for the sisters. Further modifications and extensions took place over the years, with the eventual result that the old hospital site became St Joseph's Village—a retirement village—with a modern hospital next door. 'Duncraggarn Hall' is heritage-listed.


Auburn council

The formal Auburn Local Government Area was formed in 1948, when Auburn and Lidcombe Councils merged into Auburn Municipal Council. In 2006 it became the City of Auburn which in 2016 was split between other local government areas.


20th century and immigration

In the late 20th century, Auburn became a popular point of settlement for successive waves of immigrants. In the post-
World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...
era, immigrants from the
Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inva ...
,
Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-ei ...
,
Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...
and
Greece Greece,, or , romanized: ', officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the southern tip of the Balkans, and is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Greece shares land borders wi ...
settled in Auburn, who were succeeded in the 1960s by immigrants from
Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula ...
and
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making ...
. More recently, a large number of immigrants have settled in Auburn from
China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, most populous country, with a Population of China, population exceeding 1.4 billion, slig ...
and
Afghanistan Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan,; prs, امارت اسلامی افغانستان is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia. Referred to as the Heart of Asia, it is borde ...
. The history of immigrant settlement in Auburn has resulted in a suburb which is noted for its multicultural environment.


Heritage listings

Auburn has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: * Great Southern and Western railway: Auburn Railway Signal Box * 93 Parramatta Road: Electricity Substation No. 167


Commercial area

Auburn has a mixture of residential, commercial and industrial areas. A commercial area is located close to
Auburn railway station Auburn station may refer to: * Auburn station (California), in Auburn, California * Auburn station (SEPTA), a former station in Auburn, Pennsylvania * Auburn station (Sound Transit), in Auburn, Washington * Auburn Park station, a planned railroa ...
. There are many multicultural restaurants and cafes. South of the railway station, the commercial area stretches for approximately and features many shops, restaurants and supermarkets, including a number of shops and restaurants specialising in
Middle Eastern The Middle East ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, ISO 233: ) is a geopolitical region commonly encompassing Arabia (including the Arabian Peninsula and Bahrain), Asia Minor (Asian part of Turkey except Hatay Province), East Thrace (Europea ...
, Turkish and
East Asia East Asia is the eastern region of Asia, which is defined in both geographical and ethno-cultural terms. The modern states of East Asia include China, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan. China, North Korea, South Korea ...
n products and cuisine. This reflects Auburn's history as a popular place of settlement for successive waves of immigrants in Sydney. It is a focal point especially for significant events such as football matches or political developments in the Middle East. Some distance north of the town centre clustered around the railway station, commercial and industrial developments are also located along the length of Parramatta Road and surrounding streets. It is home to the LFL team Auburn Wildcats who play in the Australian Eastern Conference as it is one of 6 teams in Sydney who represent this league. There are 40 teams in total of the LFL Australia and 12 are located in NSW. File:Auburn NSW 2144, Australia - panoramio (15).jpg, Street scene in the town centre File:Auburn NSW 2144, Australia - panoramio (27).jpg, Street scene in the town centre File:(1)Keighery_Hotel_Auburn.jpg, The Keighery Hotel, located close to the railway station Image:Auburn Parramatta Road 3.JPG, Harvey Norman Centre, Parramatta Road Image:Auburn Parramatta Road 2.JPG, Bell Tower Complex, Parramatta Road Image:Nick-scali.jpg, Nick Scali Centre, Parramatta Road


Transport services


Rail

Auburn railway station is on the Western and Inner West & Leppington lines of the Sydney Trains network, where there are frequent services. The
Auburn Maintenance Centre The Auburn Maintenance Centre is a train depot operated by Downer Rail responsible for the maintenance of the Sydney Trains A, B and M set fleets. History As part of the contract to build and maintain the Sydney Trains A sets, John Holland ...
, a large maintenance and storage facility which services Sydney Trains rolling stock, is located to the northwest of the town centre, close to Clyde station.


Bus

Auburn also has a number of bus services, which service Auburn and the surrounding areas.
Busways Busways is an Australian bus company operating services in Sydney, and in the Central Coast, Great Lakes, Mid North Coast regions of New South Wales and Adelaide. It is the largest privately owned bus operator in Australia. History The orig ...
operate two routes to and from Auburn station: *540: to
Silverwater Correctional Complex The Silverwater Correctional Complex, an Australian maximum and minimum security prison complex for males and females, is located in Silverwater, west of the Sydney central business district in New South Wales, Australia. The complex is oper ...
*544: to Macquarie Centre Transdev NSW operates four routes via Auburn station: *908: Merrylands to Bankstown *909: Parramatta to Bankstown *911: to Bankstown *S3: to
Auburn Botanical Gardens The Auburn Botanic Gardens are a botanical garden located in Auburn (a suburb of Sydney), New South Wales, Australia. It was established in 1977 and covers an area of . There are two lakes, a waterfall and bridges. Duck River winds through t ...
Auburn railway station is served by two NightRide routes: *N60: Fairfield station to Town Hall station *N61: Carlingford station to Town Hall station


Landmarks

*
Auburn Hospital Auburn Hospital is a 155-bed community hospital in Auburn, a western suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It provides basic 24-hour emergency facilities, as well as a medical, surgical, paediatrics, and maternity facilities as well as ...
with basic 24-hour emergency facilities is on Norval and Hargrave Streets. *
Auburn Botanical Gardens The Auburn Botanic Gardens are a botanical garden located in Auburn (a suburb of Sydney), New South Wales, Australia. It was established in 1977 and covers an area of . There are two lakes, a waterfall and bridges. Duck River winds through t ...


Schools

* Al-Faisal College *Alpha Omega Senior College *Auburn Girls High School *Auburn North Public School *Auburn West Public School *Auburn Public School *
Amity College Amity College, previously called Sule College, is an independent, non-denominational school that is currently operating in three different campuses in , the Illawarra, and . Description The main Prestons campus commenced its operation in 1996 ...
(Auburn Campus) *St John of God Primary school *St Joseph The Worker Primary School * Trinity Catholic College * Sydney Adventist College, Auburn Campus


Religious structures

The Auburn Baptist Church opened in 1888 and since 1928 has resided at its present location on Harrow Road. The Sri Mandir in Auburn is Australia's oldest Hindu temple, having opened in 1977. The Auburn Gallipoli Mosque took thirteen years to construct and was largely funded by the Turkish community in the area. The name of the mosque reflects the legacy of
Gallipoli The Gallipoli peninsula (; tr, Gelibolu Yarımadası; grc, Χερσόνησος της Καλλίπολης, ) is located in the southern part of East Thrace, the European part of Turkey, with the Aegean Sea to the west and the Dardanelles s ...
in Turkey and the shared bond between Australian society and the Australian Turkish Muslim Community who constructed the
mosque A mosque (; from ar, مَسْجِد, masjid, ; literally "place of ritual prostration"), also called masjid, is a place of prayer for Muslims. Mosques are usually covered buildings, but can be any place where prayers ( sujud) are performed, ...
.


Population


Demographics

According to the 2016 census of population, there were 37,366 residents in Auburn. 29.5% of people were born in Australia. The most common other countries of birth were China 12.7%, Nepal 6.5%, Afghanistan 6.1%, Pakistan 5.5% and India 5.0%. 12.9% of people only spoke English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Arabic 13.3%, Mandarin 12.0%, Turkish 8.4%, Cantonese 6.8% and Nepali 6.7%. The most common responses for religious affiliation were Islam 43.0%, No Religion 15.5%, Catholic 9.7% and Hinduism 8.8%.


Notable people

* Chris Bath, television and radio journalist * John Benaud, Australian test cricketer * Hippolyte De La Rue, Senior RAAF Commander *
Ahmad Elrich Ahmad Elrich ( ar, أحمد الريش; born 30 May 1981) is an Australian professional association footballer who plays as a right winger for Australian club Parramatta FC. Born in Australia to Lebanese parents, Elrich represented his native c ...
, football (soccer) * Tarek Elrich, football (soccer) * Brad Fittler, former professional
rugby league Rugby league football, commonly known as just rugby league and sometimes football, footy, rugby or league, is a full-contact sport played by two teams of thirteen players on a rectangular field measuring 68 metres (75 yards) wide and 112 ...
player, coach, and sportscaster, born in Auburn. * Alex Gersbach, football (soccer) *
Jamal Idris Jamal Dasuki Idris is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer. Idris was a junior athletics record holder and played in representative teams such as: Country, the indigenous nrl all stars New South Wales and Australia . A , he ...
, rugby league player *
Scott Jamieson Scott Alexander Jamieson (born 13 October 1988) is an Australian soccer player who plays as a left back and captains for Melbourne City in the A-League. Club career Blacktown City Jamieson was born in Auburn, Sydney. He has previously pla ...
, football (soccer) *
Tomi Juric Tomi Juric ( ; hr, Jurić, ; born 22 July 1991) is an Australian professional footballer who plays as a striker for A-League club Melbourne Victory and the Australia national soccer team. Club career Adelaide United On 10 February 2013, after ...
, football (soccer) * Jack Lang, former Premier of NSW (1925–1927, 1930–1932), had a long and close association with Auburn, setting up a successful real estate business there. He went on to serve on the local council, eventually becoming Mayor. He died in Auburn in 1975 * Feleti Mateo, rugby league player *
Salim Mehajer Salim Mehajer (born 12 June 1986) is an Australian convicted criminal, property developer and former deputy mayor of Auburn City Council. In March 2018, Mehajer was declared bankrupt and in April 2018 was found guilty of electoral fraud, and se ...
, suspended deputy mayor of Auburn City Council. Attracted national infamy for his grossly exuberant wedding, criminal record, allegations of corruption and electoral fraud. *
Grant Millington Grant William Millington (born 1 November 1986) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer, who plays as a or for the Western Suburbs Red Devils in the Country Rugby League. He previously played for Castleford Tigers (List ...
, rugby league player * John Moulton was a general surgeon in Auburn * Warren Mundine, the first Indigenous president of the
Australian Labor Party The Australian Labor Party (ALP), also simply known as Labor, is the major centre-left political party in Australia, one of two major parties in Australian politics, along with the centre-right Liberal Party of Australia. The party forms t ...
. Born in Grafton in 1956, Warren and his family lived in Auburn in the mid-1960s. * Lelea Paea, rugby league and rugby union player * Lopini Paea, rugby league player *
Mickey Paea Mickey Paea (born 25 March 1986) is a former Tonga international rugby league footballer who played as a . He previously played for the Sydney Roosters, St. George Illawarra Dragons, Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs and the Newcastle Knights in ...
, rugby league player * Stanley Llewellyn Perry, Lieutenant-Colonel of the 48th Battalion during World War I *
Garry Rush Garry Rush (born July 5, 1944)) is a retired Australian professional motor racing driver. Born in the New South Wales town of Camden, he competed in Sprintcars, Speedcars, NASCAR, Formula Ford and Touring cars in a 40 year career. Rush won a recor ...
, racing driver *
Myuran Sukumaran Myuran Sukumaran (17 April 1981 – 29 April 2015) was an Australian who was convicted in Indonesia of drug trafficking as a member of the Bali Nine. In 2005, Sukumaran was arrested in a room at the Melasti Hotel in Kuta with eight others. Pol ...
(1981–2015), executed drug trafficker and co-ringleader of the
Bali Nine The Bali Nine were nine Australians convicted for attempting to smuggle of heroin out of Indonesia in April 2005. The heroin was valued at around 4 million and was bound for Australia. Ringleaders Andrew Chan and Myuran Sukumaran were ...
*
Zeb Taia Zeb Taia (born 11 October 1984) is a former professional rugby league footballer who played as a forward for both New Zealand and the Cook Islands at international level. He played for the Parramatta Eels, Newcastle Knights and the Gold Coast ...
, rugby league player * Kelepi Tanginoa, rugby league player * Tevita Tatola, rugby league player with South Sydney Rabbitohs * Anthony Watmough, rugby league player


Pop culture

* SBS television drama '' East West 101'' was filmed in Auburn.


References


External links


Auburn Council Website

2001 Census Information
* C-By-SA {{DEFAULTSORT:Auburn, New South Wales Suburbs of Sydney Turkish communities outside Turkey Populated places established in 1793 Muslim enclaves