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Au-Haidhausen (
Central Bavarian Central Bavarian form a subgroup of Bavarian dialects in large parts of Austria and the German state of Bavaria along the Danube river, on the northern side of the Eastern Alps. They are spoken in the ' Old Bavarian' regions of Upper Bavaria ( ...
: ''Au-Haidhausn'') is the 5th borough of the
German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...
city of
Munich Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the third-largest city in Germany, after Berlin and ...
,
Bavaria Bavaria ( ; ), officially the Free State of Bavaria (german: Freistaat Bayern, link=no ), is a state in the south-east of Germany. With an area of , Bavaria is the largest German state by land area, comprising roughly a fifth of the total l ...
. It is formed by the Au and Haidhausen districts.


Location

Au lies opposite the Altstadt of the city on the easterly plain tract of the
Isar The Isar is a river in Tyrol, Austria, and Bavaria, Germany, which is not navigable for watercraft above raft size. Its source is in the Karwendel range of the Alps in Tyrol; it enters Germany near Mittenwald and flows through Bad Tölz, Mu ...
. Haidhausen is above Au on the Isar's uplands. Au-Haidhausen borders
Bogenhausen Bogenhausen (Central Bavarian: ''Bognhausn'') is the 13th borough of Munich, Germany. It is the geographically largest borough of Munich and comprises the city's north-eastern quarter, reaching from the Isar on the eastern side of the Englischer ...
to the north,
Berg am Laim Berg am Laim (Central Bavarian: ''Berg am Loam'') is a southeastern borough of Munich, Bavaria, Germany. Notable landmarks *Das Kartoffelmuseum * Erzbruderschaft St. Michael * Innsbrucker Ring * Innsbrucker-Ring-Tunnel * Kultfabrik * Leuchtenb ...
to the east,
Obergiesing Obergiesing (Central Bavarian: ''Obagiasing'') is a borough of Munich, about 3 miles south-east of the city center. The larger part is residential or a mix of business and residential, but there are also a number of recreational facilities. Educ ...
to the south, level with the flow of the Isar at
Untergiesing Untergiesing-Harlaching (Central Bavarian: ''Untagiasing-Harlaching'') is the 18th borough of Munich, Germany, mostly the districts of Untergiesing and Harlaching. The borough's western border is the river Isar, in the south it borders on Grü ...
, ending in the west at the river.


History and description

Au and Haidhausen used to be hostel areas for trade workers and day labourers outside of the medieval town walls of Munich. Both formerly independent municipalities were incorporated into the City of Munich on 1 October 1854 and developed into suburbs during the
Gründerzeit (; "founders' period") was the economic phase in 19th-century Germany and Austria before the great stock market crash of 1873. In Central Europe, the age of industrialisation had been taking place since the 1840s. That period is not precisely ...
. Many breweries were located on the high banks of the Isar, thus right on the edge of the terrace. These were good locations for deep natural water sources and beer cellars; for this reason, the name "Keller" (cellar) is still used to refer to the brewery-restaurants nearby. Near Rosenheimer Platz on Rosenheimer street stood the Bürgerbräukeller, the location of the first assassination attempt on
Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Germany from 1933 until his death in 1945. He rose to power as the leader of the Nazi Party, becoming the chancellor in 1933 and the ...
. Today, one of the largest breweries in Munich can be found there:
Paulaner Paulaner is a German brewery, established in 1634 in Munich by the Minim friars of the ''Neudeck ob der Au'' cloister. The mendicant order and the brewery are named after Francis of Paola, the founder of the order. Paulaner is one of the ...
, in Au. Nearby, the
Gasteig Gasteig is a cultural center in Munich, opened in 1985, which hosts the Munich Philharmonic Orchestra. The Richard Strauss Conservatory, the Volkshochschule, and the municipal library are all located in the Gasteig. Most of the events of the Fi ...
marks the transition to the inner city, a cultural center which hosts the
Munich Philharmonic Orchestra The Munich Philharmonic (german: Münchner Philharmoniker, links=no) is a German symphony orchestra located in the city of Munich. It is one of Munich's four principal orchestras, along with the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra, the Munich Rad ...
, parts of the
University of Music and Performing Arts Munich The University of Music and Performing Arts Munich (german: Hochschule für Musik und Theater München), also known as the Munich Conservatory, is a performing arts conservatory in Munich, Germany. The main building it currently occupies is ...
, the
Volkshochschule Folk high schools (also ''Adult Education Center'', Danish: ''Folkehøjskole;'' Dutch: ''Volkshogeschool;'' Finnish: ''kansanopisto'' and ''työväenopisto'' or ''kansalaisopisto;'' German: ''Volkshochschule'' and (a few) ''Heimvolkshochschule; ...
, Munich's municipal library and important events such as the
Filmfest München The Munich International Film Festival (german: Filmfest München) is the largest summer film festival in Germany and second only in size and importance to the Berlinale. It has been held annually since 1983 and takes place in late-June/ear ...
and the
Munich Biennale The Munich Biennale (german: Münchener Biennale) is a contemporary opera and music theatre festival in the city of Munich. The full German name is ''Internationales Festival für neues Musiktheater'', literally: International Festival for New Musi ...
. Even though the structural integrity of buildings in Au was heavily compromised during the
Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposi ...
and only a fifth of buildings dated before 1919 still stand, the historical townscape of Haidhausen remains largely intact. Of high constructional significance is the Franzosenviertel ("the French quarter"), so called because of given street names to locations of victory in battles of the German-French War. The existence of good condition housing lead to Haidhausen becoming the second largest area of redevelopment in the 1970s, alongside
Schwanthalerhöhe Schwanthalerhöhe (Central Bavarian: ''Schwanthalahäh''), also called Westend, is a borough of Munich Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the German state of Bavaria. With a population of ...
. This property redevelopment and revaluation triggered by the upgrade of accommodation lead to not only restructuring of a suburb to the outskirts of the area, but also a change of image, thus putting Haidhausen in competition with Schwabing as a trendy area to live in Munich. The balanced mixture of accommodation and living in Au and Haidhausen has shifted towards housing; this is due to the outsourcing of otherwise bothersome trades. Most jobs in the district lie in service industries and other public areas. Haidhausen accommodates the Bayerische Landtag in the
Maximilianeum The Maximilianeum, a palatial building in Munich, was built as the home of a gifted students' foundation but since 1949 has housed the Bavarian State Parliament. It sits grandly and as a focal point on the bank of the Isar River above Maximilia ...
, the Klinikum rechts der Isar and the
Wiener Markt The Wiener Markt is a daily food market in Haidhausen, a district of Munich. The market at Wiener Platz forms the centre of the district of Haidhausen. History In 1891 "Wiener Platz" was named after the Austrian city of Vienna (Wien). This ...
. On the northern border the Friedensengel ("peace angel") towers above the city on the Isar plateau. If one follows Prinzregentenstraße from there to the east, around 100 metres along on the right hand side is the
Villa Stuck The Villa Stuck, built in 1898 and established as a museum in 1992 and located in the Munich quarter of Bogenhausen, is a museum and historic house devoted to the life and work of the painter Franz Stuck. In contrast to the Classical architectu ...
, that the "Malerfürst" ("Painter prince") Franz von Stuck allowed to be constructed according to his own blueprints. As of 2004 the entirely reconditioned buildings of the Villa and the former studio is now an art museum. Further east down Prinzregentenstraße lies the
Prinzregententheater The Prinzregententheater, or, as it was called in its first decades, the Prinz-Regenten-Theater, in English the Prince Regent Theatre, is a concert hall and opera house on Prinzregentenplatz in the Bavarian capital of Munich, Germany. Building ...
, one of the most striking
art nouveau Art Nouveau (; ) is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts. The style is known by different names in different languages: in German, in Italian, in Catalan, and also known as the Modern ...
theatre buildings in Germany; adjacent to which is the Prinzregentenstadion, which serves as a popular ice skating venue in winter. With the
Maria-Theresia-Gymnasium Maria-Theresia-Gymnasium is one of Munich's oldest schools. It is situated on Regerplatz in the Munich district Au. Founded in 1899 as a Kreisrealschule, it became a Kreisoberrealschule in 1940 and a state-run Gymnasium in 1965. It currently ho ...
in the south the district also accommodates one of the few German Schools of Excellence. With the Auer Dult taking place three times per year at the Mariahilfplatz, and the tapping of Bock at the Nockherberg in the Salvatorkeller of the Paulaner brewery on the ''Hochstraße'' (High street), rebuilt after heavy fire damage, Au has a significant amount of traditional daily culture. In the last few years, the average age of people in both borough districts has become lower. Just under a quarter of the borough's inhabitants are foreigners; by proportion, the east Asian population is the largest of Munich.


Statistics

(As of 31 December, Inhabitants with principal residence) (Statistical Pocket Book Munich)


Literature

Helmuth Stahleder: ''Von Allach bis Zamilapark''. Names and historical dates of the history of Munich and its incorporated suburbs.
Stadtarchiv München The Stadtarchiv München is the archive for the accumulating material from all municipal offices, businesses and companies of Munich; In addition, private holdings are also archived there. The Stadtarchiv is located in the Schwabing-West district ...
, ed. München: Buchendorfer Verlag 2001.


External links


Informationen über den Stadtteil Haidhausen mit Veranstaltungskalender

Der Wiener Markt


{{coord, 48, 07, 55, N, 11, 35, 20, E, display=title, region:DE-BY_type:city_source:dewiki Boroughs of Munich