Arthur R. Butz is an associate professor of
electrical engineering at
Northwestern University and a
Holocaust denier
Holocaust denial is an antisemitic conspiracy theory that falsely asserts that the Nazi genocide of Jews, known as the Holocaust, is a myth, fabrication, or exaggeration. Holocaust deniers make one or more of the following false statements:
* ...
, best known as the author of the
pseudohistorical
Pseudohistory is a form of pseudoscholarship that attempts to distort or misrepresent the historical record, often by employing methods resembling those used in scholarly historical research. The related term cryptohistory is applied to pseudohis ...
book ''
The Hoax of the Twentieth Century''. He achieved
tenure in 1974 and currently teaches classes in
control system theory and
digital signal processing.
Education and career
Butz attended the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology from which he received both his
Bachelor of Science and, in 1956, his
Master of Science degrees. In 1965, he received his PhD from the
University of Minnesota. His doctoral
dissertation considered a problem in
control engineering.
Holocaust denial
In 1976, Butz published ''
The Hoax of the Twentieth Century: The Case Against the Presumed Extermination of European Jewry'', an
antisemitic
Antisemitism (also spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism) is hostility to, prejudice towards, or discrimination against Jews. A person who holds such positions is called an antisemite. Antisemitism is considered to be a form of racism.
Antis ...
, pseudohistorical book which argues that the
Holocaust was a
propaganda hoax.
[Noami Schaefer Riley, ''The Faculty Lounges and Other Reasons Why You Won't Get the College Education You Paid For'', Lanham, Maryland: Ivan R. Dee, 2011, p. 33] From 1980 to 2001, Butz was on the editorial board of the ''
Journal of Historical Review
The ''Journal of Historical Review'' was a non-peer reviewed, pseudoacademic periodical focused on advancing Holocaust denial. It was published by the Institute for Historical Review (IHR), based in Torrance, California. It ran quarterly from 19 ...
'', a publication of the
Institute for Historical Review, a Holocaust-denying organization.
Faculty reaction
Butz's Holocaust denial sparked an outrage among the Northwestern University's faculty and community, after the existence of the book was disclosed by ''
The Daily Northwestern'' in 1977. His views were also criticized by
Robert H. Strotz
Robert Henry Strotz (September 26, 1922 – November 9, 1994) was an American economist who served as the 13th President of Northwestern University from 1970 to 1984. During his tenure, Northwestern grew in terms of faculty and student, "made cap ...
, Northwestern University's then-president at the time of the book's publication. In 1997, Butz drew further criticism after using the university's Internet domain to publish his views.
In 2006, sixty of Butz's colleagues from the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science faculty signed a censure describing Butz's Holocaust denial as "an affront to our humanity and our standards as scholars".
The letter also called for Butz to "leave our Department and our University and stop trading on our reputation for academic excellence."
[
University President Henry Bienen issued a statement condemning Butz' Holocaust denial, but noted that tenure and academic freedom protected Butz from dismissal as he had kept his denialism separate from his work as an instructor.
]
Debunking
According to the Anti-Defamation League
The Anti-Defamation League (ADL), formerly known as the Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith, is an international Jewish non-governmental organization based in the United States specializing in civil rights law. It was founded in late Septe ...
, "some Holocaust deniers argue that Butz's book has never been refuted by mainstream scholars, but in fact many of his arguments were thoroughly debunked" in books by Deborah Lipstadt ('' Denying the Holocaust'', 1993), John C. Zimmerman (''Holocaust Denial: Demographics, Testimonies and Ideologies'', 2000) and online web sites such as Nizkor Project and www.anti-rev.org.
Removal from Amazon
In 2017, Amazon.com
Amazon.com, Inc. ( ) is an American multinational technology company focusing on e-commerce, cloud computing, online advertising, digital streaming, and artificial intelligence. It has been referred to as "one of the most influential economi ...
removed the book along with other Holocaust-denying books from its US and UK sites. The ban of the books was requested by the director of the Yad Vashem
Yad Vashem ( he, יָד וַשֵׁם; literally, "a memorial and a name") is Israel's official memorial to the victims of the Holocaust. It is dedicated to preserving the memory of the Jews who were murdered; honoring Jews who fought against th ...
library, Robert Rozett, who sent an email directly to Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos.
See also
* Criticism of Holocaust denial
*Antisemitism
Antisemitism (also spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism) is hostility to, prejudice towards, or discrimination against Jews. A person who holds such positions is called an antisemite. Antisemitism is considered to be a form of racism.
Antis ...
* Historical negationism
*Holocaust denial
Holocaust denial is an antisemitic conspiracy theory that falsely asserts that the Nazi genocide of Jews, known as the Holocaust, is a myth, fabrication, or exaggeration. Holocaust deniers make one or more of the following false statements:
* ...
References
External links
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Butz, Arthur
1933 births
Living people
Academic scandals
American Holocaust deniers
Engineers from New York City
Northwestern University faculty
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering alumni
Writers from New York City
Activists from New York City
Control theorists
American electrical engineers
Electrical engineering academics