Archibald Campbell, 7th Earl of Argyll (c. 1575–1638), also called ("Archibald the Grim"), was a Scottish peer,

politician A politician is a person active in party politics, or a person holding or seeking an elected office in government. Politicians propose, support, reject and create laws that govern the land and by an extension of its people. Broadly speaking ...

, and military leader.

Life

Campbell was the son of

Colin Campbell, 6th Earl of Argyll Colin Campbell, 6th Earl of Argyll (c. 1542– October 1584) was a Scottish nobleman and politician. He was appointed to the Lord Chancellorship of Scotland. Biography He was the eldest son of Archibald Campbell, 4th Earl of Argyll and his sec ...

and Agnes Keith. His nickname, , is the Gaelic for "

Archibald the Grim Archibald Douglas, Earl of Douglas and Wigtown, Lord of Galloway, Douglas and Bothwell (c. 1330 – c. 24 December 1400), called Archibald the Grim or Black Archibald, was a late medieval Scottish nobleman. Archibald was the bastard son of ...

". This may originate from his first wife, Agnes Douglas, whose 14th-century ancestor,

Archibald Douglas, 3rd Earl of Douglas Archibald Douglas, Earl of Douglas and Wigtown, Lord of Galloway, Douglas and Bothwell (c. 1330 – c. 24 December 1400), called Archibald the Grim or Black Archibald, was a late medieval Scottish nobleman. Archibald was the bastard son of ...

was so called. On 15 July 1594 James VI gave him a commission to wage war with "fire and sword" against the Catholic Earls of

Huntly Huntly ( gd, Srath Bhalgaidh or ''Hunndaidh'') is a town in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, formerly known as Milton of Strathbogie or simply Strathbogie. It had a population of 4,460 in 2004 and is the site of Huntly Castle. Its neighbouring settlement ...

and Erroll. He commanded royal troops at the

Battle of Glenlivet The Battle of Glenlivet was a Scottish clan battle fought on 3 October 1594 near Glenlivet, Moray, Scotland. It was fought between Protestant forces loyal to King James VI of Scotland who were commanded by Archibald Campbell, 7th Earl of Argy ...

on 3 October 1594 and was defeated by the rebel earls and their followers. After the

Union of Crowns The Union of the Crowns ( gd, Aonadh nan Crùintean; sco, Union o the Crouns) was the accession of James VI of Scotland to the throne of the Kingdom of England as James I and the practical unification of some functions (such as overseas dip ...

, Argyll accompanied

Anne of Denmark Anne of Denmark (; 12 December 1574 – 2 March 1619) was the wife of King James VI and I; as such, she was Queen of Scotland from their marriage on 20 August 1589 and Queen of England and Ireland from the union of the Scottish and Eng ...

on her journey south to

Windsor Castle Windsor Castle is a royal residence at Windsor in the English county of Berkshire. It is strongly associated with the English and succeeding British royal family, and embodies almost a millennium of architectural history. The original c ...

in June 1603. On the way he quarrelled with the

Earl of Sussex Earl of Sussex is a title that has been created several times in the Peerages of England, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom. The early Earls of Arundel (up to 1243) were often also called Earls of Sussex. The fifth creation came in the Peera ...

. At

Worksop Manor Worksop Manor is a Grade I listed 18th-century country house in Bassetlaw, Nottinghamshire. It stands in one of the four contiguous estates in the Dukeries area of Nottinghamshire. Traditionally, the Lord of the Manor of Worksop may assist a ...

, the

Duke of Lennox The title Duke of Lennox has been created several times in the peerage of Scotland, for Clan Stewart of Darnley. The dukedom, named for the district of Lennox in Dumbarton, was first created in 1581, and had formerly been the Earldom of Lenno ...

and the Earls of Shrewsbury and Cumberland made a proclamation at that her followers should put aside any private quarrels. In January 1610 he argued over the precedency of seating of his wife, Anne Cornwallis, with the

Earl of Pembroke Earl of Pembroke is a title in the Peerage of England that was first created in the 12th century by King Stephen of England. The title, which is associated with Pembroke, Pembrokeshire in West Wales, has been recreated ten times from its origin ...

, at a dinner hosted by Lady Hatton. King James commanded Argyll to yield place to Pembroke until Parliament decided their issue. By 1619, he had surrendered his estates to his son,

Archibald Campbell Archibald Campbell may refer to: Peerage * Archibald Campbell of Lochawe (died before 1394), Scottish peer * Archibald Campbell, 2nd Earl of Argyll (died 1513), Lord Chancellor of Scotland * Archibald Campbell, 4th Earl of Argyll (c. 1507–1558) ...

.Callow, J. (23 September 2004)
"Campbell, Archibald, seventh earl of Argyll (1575/6–1638), magnate and politician"
''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''. Retrieved 8 December 2017. He was made a

Knight of the Golden Fleece This article contains a list of knights of the Order of the Golden Fleece. Knights of the Burgundian Golden Fleece 15th Century !Year of Induction!!Name!!Born!!Died!!Notes , - , rowspan=25, 1430, , Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, , 1396, , ...

in 1624. He had announced his conversion to Catholicism from the Netherlands and as a consequence he was declared a traitor in Edinburgh on 16 February 1619 and banned from his country. He was very supportive of his new religion even after he was allowed back in 1621. He was interested in military solutions in Ireland in 1622, but he was unable to raise an army. He and his wife returned to Britain and lived at Drury Lane in London having abandoned everything apart from his title to his heir. He died in 1638 and was buried at Kilmun Parish Church.

Family

On 24 July 1592, he married his first wife, Lady Agnes Douglas, youngest daughter of the

Earl of Morton The title Earl of Morton was created in the Peerage of Scotland in 1458 for James Douglas of Dalkeith. Along with it, the title Lord Aberdour was granted. This latter title is the courtesy title for the eldest son and heir to the Earl of Morto ...

Dalkeith Palace Dalkeith Palace is a country house in Dalkeith, Midlothian, Scotland. It was the seat of the Dukes of Buccleuch from 1642 until 1914, and is owned by the Buccleuch Living Heritage Trust. The present palace was built 1701–1711 on the site of th ...

. Some "very great personages" had tried to persuade Argyll to marry Marie Stewart sister of the king's favourite, the

. On the day after their wedding Argyll rode at speed to

Falkland Palace Falkland Palace, in Falkland, Fife, Scotland, is a royal palace of the Scottish Kings. It was one of the favourite places of Mary, Queen of Scots, providing an escape from political and religious turmoil. Today it is under the stewardship of ...

to help James VI who was threatened by the

Earl of Bothwell Earl of Bothwell was a title that was created twice in the Peerage of Scotland. It was first created for Patrick Hepburn in 1488, and was forfeited in 1567. Subsequently, the earldom was re-created for the 4th Earl's nephew and heir of line, F ...

. Argyll and Agnes Douglas had at least five children, including: * Annabel Campbell (d. 1652), who married

Robert Kerr, 2nd Earl of Lothian Robert Kerr, 2nd Earl of Lothian (died 1624) was a Scottish noble. His life Robert Kerr was the son of Mark Kerr, 1st Earl of Lothian, who had been given the new title in 1606. He was the eldest son, with three brothers: William, Mark, and James, ...

* Anne Campbell (d. 1638), who married

George Gordon, 2nd Marquess of Huntly George Gordon, 2nd Marquess of Huntly (1592March 1649), styled Earl of Enzie from 1599 to 1636, eldest son of George Gordon, 1st Marquess of Huntly by Lady Henrietta Stewart, daughter of Esmé Stewart, 1st Duke of Lennox, born at Huntly Castl ...

* Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll (1607-1661), who married Margaret Douglas (1610–1678) After the death of his first wife in 1607 or 1608, Argyll considered marrying Jean Drummond, a lady in waiting to

. Instead, in 1608 he married Anne (Cornwallis), with whom he had at least four more children. In 1618 Archibald Campbell converted to Roman Catholicism, the religion of his new wife, from Presbyterianism.Marshall, R. (22 September 2005). Cornwallis, Anne, countess of Argyll (d. 1635), Roman Catholic benefactor and supposed author. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 8 Dec. 2017, fro
link
/ref> She was at

Spa A spa is a location where mineral-rich spring water (and sometimes seawater) is used to give medicinal baths. Spa towns or spa resorts (including hot springs resorts) typically offer various health treatments, which are also known as balneoth ...

in Belgium in August 1618 and travelled on to Brussels in her coach.''HMC 75 Downshire'', vol. 6 (London, 1995), pp. 461 no. 1002, 465 no. 1016.

References

*Prebble, John, ''The Lion in the North: one thousand years of Scotland's history,'' London, 1971

External links

*http://www.thepeerage.com/p1668.htm#i16671 {{DEFAULTSORT:Argyll, Archibald Campbell, 7th Earl of 1570s births 1638 deaths 7 Scottish Roman Catholics Knights of the Golden Fleece Converts to Roman Catholicism from Calvinism Members of the Parliament of Scotland 1617 Members of the Parliament of Scotland 1639–1641 17th-century Scottish landowners Burials at the Argyll Mausoleum 16th-century Scottish peers 17th-century Scottish peers