Archduchess Auguste Ferdinande of Austria (1 April 1825 – 26 April 1864) was the only daughter of

Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany Leopold II( it, Leopoldo Giovanni Giuseppe Francesco Ferdinando Carlo, german: Leopold Johann Joseph Franz Ferdinand Karl, English: ''Leopold John Joseph Francis Ferdinand Charles''. (3 October 1797 – 29 January 1870) was Grand Duke of Tusc ...

and his first wife, Maria Anna of Saxony to survive to adulthood. She married Prince Luitpold of Bavaria, who later became the Prince Regent of Bavaria after her death.

Family

Auguste was one of three children born to

, by his first wife, Maria Anna of Saxony. She was an older half-sister to Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of Tuscany, among others. She was a member of the direct lineage of both

Louis XIV of France , house = Bourbon , father = Louis XIII , mother = Anne of Austria , birth_date = , birth_place = Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France , death_date = , death_place = Palace of ...

and

William the Conqueror William I; ang, WillelmI (Bates ''William the Conqueror'' p. 33– 9 September 1087), usually known as William the Conqueror and sometimes William the Bastard, was the first Norman king of England, reigning from 1066 until his death in 10 ...

Early life

After a strict Catholic upbringing, she developed an interest in the arts and sciences early in life. Contemporaries described her as tall, beautiful and self-conscious.

Marriage and children

On 15 April 1844, she married Prince Luitpold in Florence. Luitpold's father

Ludwig I of Bavaria en, Louis Charles Augustus , image = Joseph Karl Stieler - King Ludwig I in his Coronation Robes - WGA21796.jpg , caption = Portrait by Joseph Stieler, 1825 , succession=King of Bavaria , reign = , coronation ...

initially opposed Luitpold's marriage plans, since Auguste was already showing symptoms of

pulmonary tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (MTB) bacteria. Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. Most infections show no symptoms, i ...

before the marriage (the disease of which she finally died aged only 39). They had four children (with whom she always spoke Italian), including

Ludwig III of Bavaria Ludwig III (Ludwig Luitpold Josef Maria Aloys Alfried; 7 January 1845 – 18 October 1921) was the last King of Bavaria, reigning from 1913 to 1918. Initially he served in the Bavarian military as a lieutenant and went on to hold the rank of Oberl ...

, and she was a great support for Luitpold in all his political activities. During the

1848 Revolution The Revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the Springtime of the Peoples or the Springtime of Nations, were a series of political upheavals throughout Europe starting in 1848. It remains the most widespread revolutionary wave in Europe ...

, she spoke against

Lola Montez Eliza Rosanna Gilbert, Countess of Landsfeld (17 February 1821 – 17 January 1861), better known by the stage name Lola Montez (), was an Irish dancer and actress who became famous as a Spanish dancer, courtesan, and mistress of King Ludwig I ...

and sought to isolate opponents of the monarchy. Her children with Luitpold were: *

Ludwig III Ludwig III (Ludwig Luitpold Josef Maria Aloys Alfried; 7 January 1845 – 18 October 1921) was the last King of Bavaria, reigning from 1913 to 1918. Initially he served in the Bavarian military as a lieutenant and went on to hold the rank of Oberl ...

(1845–1921), King of Bavaria, married Archduchess Maria Theresia of Austria-Este (1849–1919) * Leopold (1846–1930), married

Archduchess Gisela of Austria Archduchess Gisela Louise Marie of Austria (12 July 1856 – 27 July 1932) was the second daughter and eldest surviving child of Emperor Franz Joseph I and Empress Elisabeth of Austria. Although christened ''Gisella'', she only ever wro ...

(1856–1932) *

Therese Therese or Thérèse is a variant of the feminine given name Teresa. It may refer to: Persons Therese *Duchess Therese of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (1773–1839), member of the House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and a Duchess of Mecklenburg * Therese of B ...

(1850–1925) *

Arnulf Arnulf is a masculine German given name. It is composed of the Germanic elements ''arn'' "eagle" and ''ulf'' "wolf". The ''-ulf, -olf'' suffix was an extremely frequent element in Germanic onomastics and from an early time was perceived as a mere ...

(1852–1907), married

Princess Therese of Liechtenstein , house = Liechtenstein , father = Aloys II, Prince of Liechtenstein , mother = Franziska Kinsky von Wchinitz und Tettau , birth_date = , birth_place = Schloss Liechtenstein , death_date = , death_place = Munich, ...

(1850–1938) On her death, she was buried in the crypt of the Theatinerkirche. Luitpold never remarried, with his sister Adelgunde and daughter Therese taking over care of his household.

Ancestry

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Auguste Ferdinande Of Austria, Archduchess 1825 births 1864 deaths House of Habsburg-Lorraine House of Wittelsbach 19th-century deaths from tuberculosis People of the Revolutions of 1848 Austrian princesses Bavarian princesses Nobility from Florence Burials at the Theatine Church, Munich Italian Roman Catholics Tuberculosis deaths in Germany