Anton Eduard van Arkel, (19 November 1893 – 14 March 1976) was a Dutch
chemist
A chemist (from Greek ''chēm(ía)'' alchemy; replacing ''chymist'' from Medieval Latin ''alchemist'') is a scientist trained in the study of chemistry. Chemists study the composition of matter and its properties. Chemists carefully describe th ...
.
Van Arkel suggested the names "
pnictogen
A pnictogen ( or ; from grc, πνῑ́γω "to choke" and -gen, "generator") is any of the chemical elements in group 15 of the periodic table. Group 15 is also known as the nitrogen group or nitrogen family. Group 15 consists of the ele ...
" and "pnictide" to refer to chemical elements in group 15 (the nitrogen group or nitrogen family) of the periodic table.
Van Arkel, together with Jan Hendrik de Boer, developed a method for the preparation of very pure tungsten: the dissociation of the vapor of tungsten chloride on an incandescent core wire known as the
Van Arkel–de Boer process
The van Arkel–de Boer process, also known as the iodide process or crystal-bar process, was the first industrial process for the commercial production of pure ductile titanium, zirconium and some other metals. It was developed by Anton Eduard ...
.
This method was later used by himself and others for many other metals and
non-metals. Van Arkel and de Boer thus provided the first method to fabricate pure titanium.
Van Arkel became member of the
Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences ( nl, Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, abbreviated: KNAW) is an organization dedicated to the advancement of science and literature in the Netherlands. The academy is housed ...
in 1962.
See also
*
Crystal bar process
A crystal or crystalline solid is a solid material whose constituents (such as atoms, molecules, or ions) are arranged in a highly ordered microscopic structure, forming a crystal lattice that extends in all directions. In addition, macrosc ...
*
Hafnium
Hafnium is a chemical element with the symbol Hf and atomic number 72. A lustrous, silvery gray, tetravalent transition metal, hafnium chemically resembles zirconium and is found in many zirconium minerals. Its existence was predicted by Dmitri M ...
*
Jan Hendrik de Boer
Jan Hendrik de Boer (19 March 1899 – 25 April 1971) was a Dutch physicist and chemist.
De Boer was born in Ruinen, De Wolden, and died in The Hague. He studied at the University of Groningen and was later employed in industry.
Together with ...
*
Titanium
Titanium is a chemical element with the symbol Ti and atomic number 22. Found in nature only as an oxide, it can be reduced to produce a lustrous transition metal with a silver color, low density, and high strength, resistant to corrosion in ...
*
Van Arkel–Ketelaar triangle
Bond triangles or Van Arkel–Ketelaar triangles (named after Anton Eduard van Arkel and J. A. A. Ketelaar) are triangles used for showing different compounds in varying degrees of ionic, metallic and covalent bonding.
History
In 1941 Van A ...
References
* H.A.M. Snelders
''Arkel, Anton Eduard van (1893-1976)'' in Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland.
E.J.W. Verwey: 'Levensbericht A.E. van Arkel'. In: ''Jaarboek KNAW'', 1976, Amsterdam, pp. 184-192
1893 births
1976 deaths
20th-century Dutch chemists
People from 's-Gravenzande
Utrecht University alumni
Leiden University faculty
Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
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