André de Gouveia (1497 – 9 June 1548) was a
Portuguese
Portuguese may refer to:
* anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Portugal
** Portuguese cuisine, traditional foods
** Portuguese language, a Romance language
*** Portuguese dialects, variants of the Portuguese language
** Portu ...
humanist and
pedagogue
Pedagogy (), most commonly understood as the approach to teaching, is the theory and practice of learning, and how this process influences, and is influenced by, the social, political and psychological development of learners. Pedagogy, taken ...
during the
Renaissance.
Biography
André de Gouveia became one of the first Portuguese to study in the
Collège Sainte-Barbe
The Collège Sainte-Barbe is a former college in the 5th arrondissement of Paris, France.
The Collège Sainte-Barbe was founded in 1460 on Montagne Sainte-Geneviève (Latin Quarter, Paris) by Pierre Antoine Victor de Lanneau, teacher of religio ...
, in
Paris, which was then directed by his uncle
Diogo de Gouveia. After attending six years in ''Maîtrise des Arts'' he earned a degree as doctor in
theology, and simultaneously, began teaching at the college.
Starting in 1530, due to the many diplomatic missions that kept his uncle away, André was entrusted by him with the direction of the Collège. As an adept of the most advanced religious ideas, André de Gouveia bent Saint Barbe into the Humanist ideals. There in 1531 he appointed regent
Nicolas Cop
Nicolas Cop (born circa 1501 in Paris and died 1540), rector of the University of Paris in late 1533, from 10 October 1533, was a Swiss Protestant Reformer and friend of John Calvin. Nicolas Cop and his brother Michel Cop, sons of the king's phys ...
. After Cop's contested inaugural address as rector of the university in 1533, he was appointed
rector
Rector (Latin for the member of a vessel's crew who steers) may refer to:
Style or title
*Rector (ecclesiastical), a cleric who functions as an administrative leader in some Christian denominations
*Rector (academia), a senior official in an edu ...
of the
University of Paris for the college of arts (
liberal arts), introducing new rules for transparency and fairness among all disciplines, but soon departed.
He left to take charge as
principal of the
College of Guienne The College of Guienne (french: Collège de Guyenne) was a school founded in 1533 in Bordeaux. The '' collège'' became renowned for the teaching of liberal arts between the years 1537 and 1571, attracting students such as Michel de Montaigne.
Hist ...
, in
Bordeaux
Bordeaux ( , ; Gascon oc, Bordèu ; eu, Bordele; it, Bordò; es, Burdeos) is a port city on the river Garonne in the Gironde department, Southwestern France. It is the capital of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, as well as the prefecture ...
. He had been invited by the municipal authorities, and was given full freedom to modernize the old college. On arrival, Gouveia proclaimed that he would not recognize differences of creed in staff and pupils, many of whom showed sympathy to the new doctrines of the
Reform.
There, in 1539, Gouveia welcomed
George Buchanan, appointing him professor of Latin.
Gouveia's stay at the College of Guienne lasted until 1547, attracting students like
Étienne de La Boétie
Étienne or Estienne de La Boétie (; oc, Esteve de La Boetiá; 1 November 1530 – 18 August 1563) was a French magistrate, classicist, writer, poet and political theorist, best remembered for his intense and intimate friendship with essayist ...
and
Michel de Montaigne, who later in his ''Essays'' described Gouveia as " ...behind comparison the greatest principal in France." The fame of the teaching -mainly grammar, classical literature, history and philosophy - was such that, in 1552, Italian scholar and physician
Julius Caesar Scaliger sent his sons to the college, including
Joseph Justus Scaliger.
André de Gouveia returned to Portugal at the invitation of
King John III, accompanied by a group of foreign teachers, to head the new College of the Arts at the
University of Coimbra. In this group were
Diogo de Teive
Diogo de Teive () was a maritime captain and squire to the House of Infante D. Henrique (1394-1460) during the Portuguese period of discovery. Following his exploration into the western Atlantic in the area of Newfoundland, in 1452 he discovere ...
,
George Buchanan,
Jerónimo Osório
Jerónimo Osório da Fonseca (1506 – 20 August 1580) was a Portuguese Roman Catholic humanist bishop, historian and polemicist. An extensive notice of his life and thought (''Vita'') was written by his nephew, a canon of Évora also name ...
,
Nicolas de Grouchy
Nicolas or Nicolás may refer to:
People Given name
* Nicolas (given name)
Mononym
* Nicolas (footballer, born 1999), Brazilian footballer
* Nicolas (footballer, born 2000), Brazilian footballer
Surname Nicolas
* Dafydd Nicolas (c.1705–1774), ...
,
Guillaume Guérante Guillaume may refer to:
People
* Guillaume (given name), the French equivalent of William
* Guillaume (surname)
Other uses
* Guillaume (crater)
See also
* '' Chanson de Guillaume'', an 11th or 12th century poem
* Guillaume affair, a Cold War ...
and
Élie Vinet
Élie Vinet (1509–1587) was a French Renaissance humanist, known as a classical scholar, translator and antiquary.
Life
Vinet was born at Vinets, in the commune of Saint Médard, near Barbezieux in what is now Charente. Brought up at Barbezieux, ...
, who came to be decisive for the disclosure of contemporary research of
Pedro Nunes. However, Gouveia did not remain for long in office as president of the college, as he died in June 1548.
Rivalry between the secular trends of the new "Bordeaux" teachers, and the more orthodox method of the "Parisian" school headed by Diogo de Gouveia led several teachers, including George Buchanan, to face
the Inquisition: Gouveia kept numerous contacts with European scholars and Portuguese businesses when he was in France. At odds with his uncle Diogo, André was suspected of
Lutheranism.
He left a few written texts. In particular, his views are represented in regulations of the College of Guienne, published by
Elie Vinet in 1583 under the title ''Schola Aquitanica''.
André de Gouveia was brother to humanist and teacher
António de Gouveia
António de Gouveia (c.1505 – March 1566) was a Portuguese humanist and educator during the Renaissance.
Gouveia was born in Beja. After graduating in Paris he taught at the Collège de Guyenne in Bordeaux, and then at Toulouse, Avignon, ...
.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gouveia, Andre De
1497 births
1548 deaths
People from Beja, Portugal
Portuguese Renaissance humanists
Rectors of the University of Paris
University of Paris alumni
University of Coimbra
16th-century Portuguese people
Portuguese expatriates in France