Andrzej Friszke (born 29 August 1956 in

Olsztyn Olsztyn ( , ; german: Allenstein ; Old Prussian: ''Alnāsteini'' * Latin: ''Allenstenium'', ''Holstin'') is a city on the Łyna River in northern Poland. It is the capital of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, and is a city with county rights. ...

) is a Polish historian and lecturer. He specializes in the history of

communist Poland The Polish People's Republic ( pl, Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa, PRL) was a country in Central Europe that existed from 1947 to 1989 as the predecessor of the modern Republic of Poland. With a population of approximately 37.9 million nea ...

and the democratic opposition to the communist regime. Friszke graduated in 1979 from the Department of History of the

University of Warsaw The University of Warsaw ( pl, Uniwersytet Warszawski, la, Universitas Varsoviensis) is a public university in Warsaw, Poland. Established in 1816, it is the largest institution of higher learning in the country offering 37 different fields o ...

. Since 1980 he has worked in the Club of Catholic Intellectuals in

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

. In 1981 he worked as a newspaper editor of the history section of the ''Solidarność'' weekly. Since 1982 he has also been an editor of the history section of ''Więź'' magazine. Since 1990 Friszke has worked at the Institute of Political Studies of the

Polish Academy of Sciences The Polish Academy of Sciences ( pl, Polska Akademia Nauk, PAN) is a Polish state-sponsored institution of higher learning. Headquartered in Warsaw, it is responsible for spearheading the development of science across the country by a society o ...

. Since 1995 he has lectured at the Collegium Civitas. In 1999 he was appointed to the Collegium of the

Institute of National Remembrance The Institute of National Remembrance – Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation ( pl, Instytut Pamięci Narodowej – Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu, abbreviated IPN) is a Polish state resea ...

and worked there until 2007. In 2006 he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the

Order of Polonia Restituta The Order of Polonia Restituta ( pl, Order Odrodzenia Polski, en, Order of Restored Poland) is a Polish state order established 4 February 1921. It is conferred on both military and civilians as well as on foreigners for outstanding achievement ...

.Profile
at the '' Znak'' publishing house website In 1994 he received a

doctoral degree A doctorate (from Latin ''docere'', "to teach"), doctor's degree (from Latin ''doctor'', "teacher"), or doctoral degree is an academic degree awarded by universities and some other educational institutions, derived from the ancient formalism ''l ...

in historical science, and in 2000 he was habilitated. On 25 September 2009 President

Lech Kaczyński Lech Aleksander Kaczyński (; 18 June 194910 April 2010) was a Polish politician who served as the city mayor of Warsaw from 2002 until 2005, and as President of Poland from 2005 until his death in 2010. Before his tenure as president, he pre ...

awarded him a professorial degree.Profile
at Nauka Polska portal

Works

* ''KOR. Ludzie-działania-idee'' (1983) * ''O kształt niepodległej'' (1989) * ''Polska Podziemna 1939–1945'' (coauthor) (1991) * ''Opozycja polityczna w PRL 1945–1980'' (Political Opposition in the PRL 1945–1980) (1994) * ''Polska Gierka'' (Gierek's Poland) (1995) * ''Oaza na Kopernika. Klub Inteligencji Katolickiej 1956–1989'' (1997) * ''Życie polityczne Emigracji'' (Political Life of the Emigration) (1999) * ''Polska. Losy państwa i narodu 1939–1989'' (Poland. The Fate of the Country and the Nation 1939–1989) (2003) * ''Solidarność podziemna 1981–1989'' (ed.) (2006) * ''Przystosowanie i opór. Studia z dziejów PRL'' (2007) * ''PRL wobec Kościoła. Akta 1970–1978'' (2010) * '' Adam Ciołkosz: Portret polskiego socjalisty'' (Adam Ciołkosz: Portrait of a Polish Socialist) (2011)

References

1956 births 21st-century Polish historians Polish male non-fiction writers University of Warsaw alumni Knights of the Order of Polonia Restituta People from Olsztyn Living people Historians of Poland Officers of the Order of Polonia Restituta Recipients of the Silver Medal for Merit to Culture – Gloria Artis People associated with the Institute of National Remembrance 20th-century Polish historians People associated with the magazine "Kultura" {{Poland-historian-stub