Andrija Jambrešić
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Andrija Jambrešić (20 September 1706 – 13 May 1758) was a
Croatia , image_flag = Flag of Croatia.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Croatia.svg , anthem = "Lijepa naša domovino"("Our Beautiful Homeland") , image_map = , map_caption = , capit ...
n writer, lexicographer and linguist. He is best known for his dictionary ''Lexicon Latinum'', which he created in collaboration with Franjo Sušnik (1686 – 1739) and published in 1742,
Zagreb Zagreb ( , , , ) is the capital (political), capital and List of cities and towns in Croatia#List of cities and towns, largest city of Croatia. It is in the Northern Croatia, northwest of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slop ...
.


Biography

He was born in Cesarska ves on 20 September 1706. He attended schools in
Varaždin ) , image_photo = , image_skyline = , image_flag = Flag of Varaždin.svg , flag_size = , image_seal = , seal_size = , image_shield = Grb_Grad ...
and Zagreb, becoming a
Jesuit , image = Ihs-logo.svg , image_size = 175px , caption = ChristogramOfficial seal of the Jesuits , abbreviation = SJ , nickname = Jesuits , formation = , founders ...
in 1727. Following his studies of philosophy in Trnava, he became a professor at the Zagreb gymnasium, a post he held for a year in 1729. He subsequently became a professor in Varaždin. From 1731 to 1735, he studied theology in
Graz Graz (; sl, Gradec) is the capital city of the Austrian state of Styria and second-largest city in Austria after Vienna. As of 1 January 2021, it had a population of 331,562 (294,236 of whom had principal-residence status). In 2018, the popul ...
, and subsequently enrolled at the Zagreb
faculty of philosophy A faculty is a division within a university or college comprising one subject area or a group of related subject areas, possibly also delimited by level (e.g. undergraduate). In American usage such divisions are generally referred to as colleges ...
. From this point on, he held various posts, teaching philosophy at Jesuit seminaries. Apart from his most known work, a Croatian dictionary published in 1742, he is also known for his suggestion for Croatian
orthography An orthography is a set of conventions for writing a language, including norms of spelling, hyphenation, capitalization, word breaks, emphasis, and punctuation. Most transnational languages in the modern period have a writing system, and mos ...
(1732), which was later adopted as a school standard in 1778. Dealing with legal issues, he also wrote a manual dealing with Croatian statehood right, ''Municipale Croatiae jus, commentario illustratum''.


Lexicon latinum

The multilingual dictionary, ''Lexicon Latinum interpretatione Illyrica, Germanica et Hungarica locuples & index illirico sive croatico-latinus'' represents an important monument in studies of linguistics, lexicography, comparative Slavistics and dialectology. The Croatian counterpart, named Illyrian, is written in the
Kajkavian Kajkavian (Kajkavian noun: ''kajkavščina''; Shtokavian adjective: ''kajkavski'' , noun: ''kajkavica'' or ''kajkavština'' ) is a South Slavic regiolect or language spoken primarily by Croats in much of Central Croatia, Gorski Kotar and nort ...
dialect, but with elements of
Shtokavian Shtokavian or Štokavian (; sh-Latn, štokavski / sh-Cyrl, italics=no, штокавски, ) is the prestige dialect of the pluricentric Serbo-Croatian language and the basis of its Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian and Montenegrin standards. It ...
and
Chakavian Chakavian or Čakavian (, , , sh-Latn, čakavski proper name: or own name: ''čokovski, čakavski, čekavski'') is a South Slavic regiolect or language spoken primarily by Croats along the Adriatic coast, in the historical regions of Dalmat ...
. The linguistic purism is reflected in numerous translated, and newly coined words, particularly in scientific terminology. The dictionary was released only two years after a similar dictionary by
Ivan Belostenec Ivan Belostenec (c. 1594 – 2 February 1675) was a Croatian linguist, lexicographer and poet. Life In 1616 he joined the Paulists. He studied philosophy in Vienna and theology in Rome. Belostenec was a prior of Pauline monasteries in Lepoglava ...
was published by the Paulines, which would indicate competition between them and the Jesuits.


Works

*Andrija Jambrešić - Franjo Sušnik: Lexicon Latinum interpretatione Illyrica, Germanica et Hungarica locuples & index illirico sive croatico-latinus, Typis Academicis societatis Jesu, Zagrabiae, 1742. *Manuductio ad Croaticam orthographiam, 1732 (''Introduction to Croatian orthography'') *Municipale Croatiae jus, commentario illustratum


References

N. Raos, Kemijski pojmovi u Jambrešićevom Lexicon Latinum (1742), Prirodoslovlje 20(1-2) (2020) 59-78. {{DEFAULTSORT:Jambrešić, Andrija 1706 births 1758 deaths Croatian Jesuits Linguists from Croatia Croatian lexicographers 18th-century lexicographers 18th-century Croatian writers 18th-century linguists Croatian male writers