Andrew Radford (linguist)
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Andrew Radford is a British linguist known for his work in syntax and child language acquisition. His first important contribution to the field was a 1977 book on Italian syntax. He achieved international recognition in 1981 for his book ''Transformational Syntax'', which sold over 30,000 copies and was the standard introduction to Chomsky's
Government and Binding Theory A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a ...
for many years; and this was followed by an introduction to
transformational grammar In linguistics, transformational grammar (TG) or transformational-generative grammar (TGG) is part of the theory of generative grammar, especially of natural languages. It considers grammar to be a system of rules that generate exactly those combi ...
in 1988, which sold over 70,000. He has since published several books on syntax within the framework of
generative grammar Generative grammar, or generativism , is a linguistic theory that regards linguistics as the study of a hypothesised innate grammatical structure. It is a biological or biologistic modification of earlier structuralist theories of linguisti ...
and the Minimalist Program of
Noam Chomsky Avram Noam Chomsky (born December 7, 1928) is an American public intellectual: a linguist, philosopher, cognitive scientist, historian, social critic, and political activist. Sometimes called "the father of modern linguistics", Chomsky i ...
, a number of which have appeared in the series
Cambridge Cambridge ( ) is a College town, university city and the county town in Cambridgeshire, England. It is located on the River Cam approximately north of London. As of the 2021 United Kingdom census, the population of Cambridge was 145,700. Cam ...
Textbooks in Linguistics. In the 1990s, Radford was a pioneer of the maturation-based structure building model of child language, and the acquisition of functional categories in early child English within the Principles and Parameters framework, in which children are seen as gradually building up more and more complex structures, with
lexical categories In grammar, a part of speech or part-of-speech (abbreviated as POS or PoS, also known as word class or grammatical category) is a category of words (or, more generally, of lexical items) that have similar grammatical properties. Words that are ass ...
(like noun and verb) being acquired before functional-
syntactic categories A syntactic category is a syntactic unit that theories of syntax assume. Word classes, largely corresponding to traditional parts of speech (e.g. noun, verb, preposition, etc.), are syntactic categories. In phrase structure grammars, the ''phrasal c ...
(like determiner and complementiser): this research resulted in the publication of a monograph on ''Syntactic Theory and the Acquisition of English Syntax'' in 1990, and numerous articles on the acquisition of syntax by monolingual, bilingual and language-disordered children. Since 2010, Radford has researched the syntax of
colloquial English Colloquialism (), also called colloquial language, everyday language or general parlance, is the linguistic style used for casual (informal) communication. It is the most common functional style of speech, the idiom normally employed in conversa ...
, using data recorded from unscripted radio and TV broadcasts. He produced a research monograph on this, and a number of articles, and is preparing a follow-up research monograph on the syntax of relative clauses in colloquial English. Since January 2014, Radford has been an Emeritus Professor of the Department of Language and Linguistics,
University of Essex The University of Essex is a public research university in Essex, England. Established by royal charter in 1965, Essex is one of the original plate glass universities. Essex's shield consists of the ancient arms attributed to the Kingdom of Es ...
.People: Professor Andrew Radford
. University of Essex.


Education

Radford was an undergraduate at
Trinity College, Cambridge Trinity College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Founded in 1546 by King Henry VIII, Trinity is one of the largest Cambridge colleges, with the largest financial endowment of any college at either Cambridge or Oxford. ...
, reading Modern Languages (French, Italian and Romanian), Linguistics and Romance Philology. He graduated with a first-class degree and was awarded a research scholarship by Trinity College, Cambridge. He completed a PhD on Italian syntax there, supervised by Pieter Seuren.


Career

Radford was a Research Fellow in Linguistics at Trinity College, Cambridge from 1971 to 1975, before taking up posts as lecturer in Linguistics in the School of English & American Studies at the
University of East Anglia The University of East Anglia (UEA) is a public research university in Norwich, England. Established in 1963 on a campus west of the city centre, the university has four faculties and 26 schools of study. The annual income of the institution f ...
(1975–76), Lecturer in Linguistics in the Faculty of Modern & Medieval Languages at the University of Oxford (1976–78), and Reader in Linguistics in the Department of Language and Linguistics at the University of Essex (1978–80). In 1980, he became Professor of Linguistics at the
University College of North Wales , former_names = University College of North Wales (1884–1996) University of Wales, Bangor (1996–2007) , image = File:Arms_of_Bangor_University.svg , image_size = 250px , caption = Arms ...
, serving first as Head of the Department of Linguistics (1980–87), and later as Head of the School of Modern Languages and Linguistics (1987–89). In 1989, he returned to the University of Essex as Professor of Linguistics, where he served three terms as Head of the Department of Language and Linguistics, and one as Dean of the School of Humanities and Comparative Studies. He retired at the end of 2013, and has been Emeritus Professor at Essex since then. He served on the editorial board of the ''Journal of Linguistics'', ''Journal of Child Language'', ''Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics'', ''Studies in Language Sciences'', ''Chomskyan Studies'', ''Rivista di Grammatica Generativa'', and ''Iberia''. He also served two spells as a member of the Linguistics Review Panel for the Higher Education Funding Council for England.


Structure building model

In his 1990 book, ''Syntactic Theory and the Acquisition of English Syntax'', Radford summarizes the state of a maturation hypothesis for child language acquisition. Working within the principles and parameters framework as his point of departure, and drawing from previous work done by
Hagit Borer Hagit Borer is a professor of linguistics at Queen Mary University of London. Her research falls within the area of Generative Grammar. Her theoretical approach shifts the computational load from words to syntactic structure, and pursues the cons ...
and Kenneth WexlerHagit Borer and Kenneth Wexler, "The maturation of Syntax" (1983); in Thomas Roeper and Edwin Williams (eds), ''Parameter Setting'' (Dordrecht: D. Reidel, 2013), pp. 123–172. on the apparent absence of A-chains in early grammar, Radford proposed a structure-building model focused (inter alia) on the lack of syntactic movement-operations in the early multi-word stage of child English syntax, ''viz.'' the lack of inflectional morphology. This led to an analysis that described children as gradually building up increasingly complex structure, with ''Lexical/thematic stage-1'' (lexical categories like
noun A noun () is a word that generally functions as the name of a specific object or set of objects, such as living creatures, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, or ideas.Example nouns for: * Living creatures (including people, alive, ...
and
verb A verb () is a word ( part of speech) that in syntax generally conveys an action (''bring'', ''read'', ''walk'', ''run'', ''learn''), an occurrence (''happen'', ''become''), or a state of being (''be'', ''exist'', ''stand''). In the usual descr ...
) preceding ''Functional/syntactic stage-2'' (functional categories like determiner and
complementiser In linguistics (especially generative grammar), complementizer or complementiser (glossing abbreviation: ) is a functional category (part of speech) that includes those words that can be used to turn a clause into the subject or object of a se ...
).


Publications


Books by Radford

* ''Italian Syntax: Transformational and Relational Grammar.'' Cambridge Studies in Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977. . * ''Transformational Syntax: A Student's Guide to Chomsky's Extended Standard Theory.'' Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981. Paperback ; hardback . ** ''La sintassi trasformazionale: Introduzione alla Teoria Standard Estesa di Chomsky.'' Bologna: Il Mulino, 1983. . Italian translation. **변형 문법 이란 무엇 인가 : 촘스키 의 확대 표준 이론 해설 (''Pyŏnhyŏng munpŏp iran muŏt in'ga: Ch'omsŭk'i ŭi hwaktae p'yojun iron haesŏl''. Seoul: United Publishing and Promotion, 1984. . Korean translation. ** (''Henkeitōgoron: Chomusukī kakudai hyōjun riron kaisetsu''). Tokyo: Kenkyusha, 1984. . Japanese translation. ** ''Introducción a la sintaxis transformativa: Teoría estándard extendida.'' Barcelona: Teide, 1988. . Spanish translation. * ''Transformational Grammar: A First Course.'' Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. Paperback ; hardback ; International Student Edition, 2009. . ** ''Tatabahasa transformasi.'' Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 1994. . Malay translation. ** 转换生成语法敎程 (''Zhuan huan sheng cheng yu fa jiao cheng''). Beijing: Wai yu jiao xue yu yan jiu chu ban she, 2000. . English, with Chinese introduction. * ''Syntactic Theory and the Acquisition of English Syntax: The Nature of Early Child Grammars of English.'' Oxford: Blackwell, 1990. Paperback ; hardback . * ''Syntactic Theory and the Structure of English.'' Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. Paperback ; hardback . ** 最简方案 : 句法理论与英语结构 (''Zui jian fang an: Ju fa li lun yu ying yu jie gou''). Beijing: Beijing da xue chu ban she, 2002. . In English with a publisher's note in Chinese. * ''Syntax: A Minimalist Introduction.'' Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. Paperback ; hardback . An abridged version of ''Syntactic Theory and the Structure of English.'' ** 최소주의 통사론 (''Ch'oesojuŭi t'ongsaron''). Seoul: Hansin Munhwasa, 1999. . Korean translation. ** 句法学 : 最简方案导论 (''Ju fa xue: Zui jian fang an dao lun''). eijing Wai yu jiao xue yu yan jiu chu ban she,
000 Triple zero, Triple Zero, Zero Zero Zero, Triple 0, Triple-0, 000, or 0-0-0 may refer to: * 000 (emergency telephone number), the Australian emergency telephone number * "Triple Zero", a song by AFI from ''Shut Your Mouth and Open Your Eyes'' * Th ...
. In English, with an introduction in Chinese. ** (''Nyūmon minimarisuto tōgoron''). Tokyo: Kenkyusha, 2000. . Japanese translation. * ''Minimalist Syntax: Exploring the Structure of English.'' Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Paperback ; hardback . **''Minimalist Syntax: Exploring the Structure of English'' = 最简句法入门 : 探究英语的结构. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2009. . In English, with introduction in Chinese. * ''English Syntax: An Introduction.'' Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Paperback ; hardback ; South Asian Edition, 2007. . An abridged version of ''Minimal Syntax.'' * ''Analysing English Sentences. A Minimalist Approach.'' Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. Paperback ; hardback . * ''An Introduction to English Sentence Structure.'' Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. Paperback ; hardback ; International Student Edition, 2010. . * ''Analysing English Sentences.'' 2nd ed. Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016. Paperback ; hardback . * ''Colloquial English: Structure and Variation.'' Cambridge Studies in Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018. Paperback , hardback . * ''Relative Clauses: Structure and Variation in Everyday English.'' Cambridge Studies in Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019. Paperback , hardback


Books cowritten by Radford

* ''Linguistics: An Introduction.'' Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. . With Martin Atkinson, David Britain, Harald Clahsen, and Andrew Spencer. ** ''Introducción a la lingüística.'' Madrid: Cambridge University Press, 2000. . Madrid: Akal, 2000. . Spanish translation. ** 语言学教程 (''Yu yan xue jiao cheng''). Beijing: Wai yu jiao xue yu yan jiu chu ban she, 2000. . In English, with an introduction in Chinese. * ''Linguistics: An Introduction.'' 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. (Paperback ; hardback .


Other selected publications (2012–)

*2012a Preposition copying and pruning in present-day English. Co-authored with Claudia Felser and Oliver Boxell (Potsdam). ''English Language and Linguistics'' 16.3: 403–426. *2012b On the feature composition of participial light verbs in French. Co-authored with Michèle Vincent, Ohio State University. In Laura Brugé, Anna Cardinaletti, Giuliana Giusti, Nicola Munaro & Cecilia Poletto (eds) ''Functional Heads: The Cartography of Syntactic Structures'', volume 7, Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 208–219.https://global.oup.com/academic/product/functional-heads-9780199746736?cc=us&lang=en&# *2012c On the acquisition of universal and parameterized goal accessibility conditions by Japanese learners of English. Co-authored with Hideki Yokota, Sizuoka University. ''Second Language'' 11: 59–94. *2013 The complementiser system in spoken English: Evidence from broadcast media. In ''Information Structure and Agreement'', ed. Victoria Camacho-Taboada, Ángel Jiménez-Fernández, Javier Martín González and Mariano Reyes-Tejedor, John Benjamins, Amsterdam, pp. 11–54.https://benjamins.com/#catalog/books/la.197.01rad/details *2014 Deconstructing the Subject Condition in terms of cumulative constraint violation. ''The Linguistic Review'' 31(1): 73–150. Co-authored with Liliane Haegeman (Ghent) and Ángel Jiménez-Fernández (Sevilla.https://idus.us.es/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11441/23439/tlr-2013-0022%281%29.pdf?sequence=1 *2015a On Swiping in English. ''Natural Language and Linguistic Theory'' 33: 703–44. Co-authored with Eiichi Iwasaki, Waseda University. May 2015. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11049-014-9265-5. *2015b Gaps, ghosts and gapless relatives in spoken English. ''Studia Linguistica'' 69: 191–235. Co-authored with Chris Collins, New York University. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/stul.12033/abstract


References


External links


Cambridge University Press: Author profile

University of Essex faculty profile

Personal website
2004 {{DEFAULTSORT:Radford, Andrew 1945 births Living people Linguists from the United Kingdom Academics of the University of Essex Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge Academics of the University of East Anglia Academics of the University of Oxford Academics of Bangor University Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge