Alicia Moreau de Justo (October 11, 1885 – May 12, 1986) was an

Argentine Argentines (mistakenly translated Argentineans in the past; in Spanish (masculine) or (feminine)) are people identified with the country of Argentina. This connection may be residential, legal, historical or cultural. For most Argentines, ...

physician A physician (American English), medical practitioner (Commonwealth English), medical doctor, or simply doctor, is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through th ...

, politician,

pacifist Pacifism is the opposition or resistance to war, militarism (including conscription and mandatory military service) or violence. Pacifists generally reject theories of Just War. The word ''pacifism'' was coined by the French peace campai ...

and

human rights Human rights are moral principles or normsJames Nickel, with assistance from Thomas Pogge, M.B.E. Smith, and Leif Wenar, 13 December 2013, Stanford Encyclopedia of PhilosophyHuman Rights Retrieved 14 August 2014 for certain standards of hu ...

activist. She was a leading figure in

feminism Feminism is a range of socio-political movements and ideologies that aim to define and establish the political, economic, personal, and social equality of the sexes. Feminism incorporates the position that society prioritizes the male po ...

and

socialism Socialism is a left-wing economic philosophy and movement encompassing a range of economic systems characterized by the dominance of social ownership of the means of production as opposed to private ownership. As a term, it describes th ...

in Argentina. Since the beginning of the 20th century, she got involved in public claims for opening rights for women. In 1902, joined by a fellow activists, she founded the Feminist Socialist Center of Argentina and the Feminine Work Union of Argentina.

Biography

Alicia Moreau de Justo was born October 11, 1885. She organized conferences in the ''Fundación Luz'' ight Foundation and together with her father, co-founded the ''Ateneo Popular'' he People's Athenaeum She was chief editor of the journal ''Humanidad Nueva'' ew Humanity and director of the publication ''Nuestra Causa'' ur Cause In 1914 she graduated from college as a medical doctor, and some years later, she joined the

Socialist Party Socialist Party is the name of many different political parties around the world. All of these parties claim to uphold some form of socialism, though they may have very different interpretations of what "socialism" means. Statistically, most of ...

. Soon after that, she married the politician Juan B. Justo, and together they had three children. By 1918, she had founded the ''Unión Feminista Nacional'' ational Feminist Union and after her husband passing away in 1928, she continued her political activity defending women, specially in matters related to women's right to vote, working rights of paid staff, public health and public education. In 1932, she created a draft law to establish

women's suffrage Women's suffrage is the right of women to vote in elections. Beginning in the start of the 18th century, some people sought to change voting laws to allow women to vote. Liberal political parties would go on to grant women the right to vot ...

, which was not sanctioned until 1947 in Argentina. She supported the

Second Spanish Republic The Spanish Republic (), commonly known as the Second Spanish Republic (), was the form of government in Spain from 1931 to 1939. The Republic was proclaimed on 14 April 1931, after the deposition of King Alfonso XIII, and was dissolved on 1 ...

during the

Spanish Civil War The Spanish Civil War ( es, Guerra Civil Española)) or The Revolution ( es, La Revolución, link=no) among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War ( es, Cuarta Guerra Carlista, link=no) among Carlism, Carlists, and The Rebellion ( es, La Rebeli ...

and was a regular critic of

Peronism Peronism, also called justicialism,. The Justicialist Party is the main Peronist party in Argentina, it derives its name from the concept of social justice., name=, group= is an Argentine political movement based on the ideas and legacy of A ...

, which she qualified as antidemocratic. In 1958, she took part in the division of the Socialist Party and the founding of the Argentinean Socialist Party, accepting the director position of the newspaper ''

La Vanguardia ' (; , Spanish for "The Vanguard") is a Spanish daily newspaper, founded in 1881. It is printed in Spanish and, since 3 May 2011, also in Catalan (Spanish copy is automatically translated into Catalan). It has its headquarters in Barcelona and i ...

'' until 1960. She continued working until her last years, and was one of the founders of the

Permanent Assembly for Human Rights The Permanent Assembly for Human Rights (in Spanish, La Asamblea Permanente por los Derechos Humanos (APDH)) is an Argentine non-governmental human rights organization; founded in 1975. According to its official website the organization is the pr ...

in 1975.

The Argentinean Feminist Union

She co-founded the National Feminist Union in Argentina, which aimed to unite different feminist organizations that existed in Argentina during that time. Some of these were: the Feminist Socialist Center, the Feminine Socialist Gathering and the National Council of Women. The political action of the NFU was key to support sanctioning of many laws recognizing women's rights and the protection of women's work, as well as to defend single mothers. This organization published the monthly magazine Nuestra Causa, to promote their ideas and organize women activists during electoral rallies, as well as massive petitions to the Legislative Power.

References

External links

*
Alicia Moreau de Justo FoundationArchived
2009-10-25) (Spanish)
Profile
(Spanish)
Short Biography
at the

Konex Foundation Konex Foundation (''Fundación Konex'')is an Argentine cultural non-profit organization created in 1980 ''to promote, stimulate, help, and participate in any form of cultural, educational, intellectual, artistic, social, philanthropic, scientific ...

(Spanish)
Obituary
at ''

The New York Times ''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid ...

'' {{DEFAULTSORT:Moreau De Justo, Alicia 1885 births 1986 deaths English emigrants to Argentina Argentine centenarians Argentine feminists Argentine suffragists Argentine people of French descent Argentine women physicians Illustrious Citizens of Buenos Aires Socialist Party (Argentina) politicians Socialist feminists 20th-century Argentine women politicians 20th-century Argentine politicians Argentine pacifists Women centenarians