Ali Adil Shah I ( fa, ; 1558–1579) was the fifth

Sultan Sultan (; ar, سلطان ', ) is a position with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", derived from the verbal noun ', meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it ...

Bijapur Sultanate The Adil Shahi or Adilshahi, was a Shia,Salma Ahmed Farooqui, ''A Comprehensive History of Medieval India: From Twelfth to the Mid-Eighteenth Century'', (Dorling Kindersley Pvt Ltd., 2011), 174. and later Sunni Muslim,Muhammad Qasim Firishta's T ...

. On the day of his coronation Ali abandoned the

Sunni Sunni Islam () is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims. Its name comes from the word '' Sunnah'', referring to the tradition of Muhammad. The differences between Sunni and Shia Muslims arose from a disagr ...

practices and reintroduced the Shi’ah Khutbah and other practices. The

Persian Persian may refer to: * People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language ** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples ** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...

doctors of religion were granted full freedom to preach the Shi’ah doctrine and were paid by the State for their missionary activities. The new Sultan restored back to power the Afāqis while relegating the Deccanis to a position of insignificance. He subverted all the dogmatic experiments which his

father A father is the male parent of a child. Besides the paternal bonds of a father to his children, the father may have a parental, legal, and social relationship with the child that carries with it certain rights and obligations. An adoptive fathe ...

had practiced. ChandBibiHawking

Marriage

He married the famous woman warrior Chand Sultana, daughter of Nizam Shahis of

Ahmadnagar Ahmednagar (), is a city located in the Ahmednagar district in the state of Maharashtra, India, about 120 km northeast of Pune and 114 km from Aurangabad. Ahmednagar takes its name from Ahmad Nizam Shah I, who founded the town in 1 ...

Reign

During Ali's reign

Bijapur Bijapur, officially known as Vijayapura, is the district headquarters of Bijapur district of the Karnataka state of India. It is also the headquarters for Bijapur Taluk. Bijapur city is well known for its historical monuments of architectural ...

and

Vijayanagar The Vijayanagara Empire, also called the Karnata Kingdom, was a Hinduism, Hindu empire based in the region of South India, which consisted the modern states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Goa and some parts of Telangana an ...

came very close to each other and Ali actually paid a visit to

City, where Ramaraya received him with great pomp and honour. The greatest event of Ali's reign was the successful formation of the confederacy of the Deccan Sultans against Vijayanagar and their victory over the latter at the Battle of Rakkasagi – Tangadagi in

Talikoti Talikoti also Talikot is a taluq in Vijaypur district in the northern part of the Indian state of Karnataka, about 85 kilometres to the southeast of Vijayapura city. It lies on the river called Doni. It is famous for the Battle of Talikot ...

in 1565. As a result of this battle

’s southern boundary was extended right up to the city of Vijayanagar, and further it opened the gates for the future expansion of

further south. Consequently, at the end of Ali's reign, the

Kingdom extended up to port of Honavar on the west coast and southern boundary extended along the line of

Varada The Varada River (Verada River) is a river in central Karnataka, India. It is a tributary of the Tungabhadra River. Geography The Varada river originates near Vardamoola in Sagara of Karnataka. It flows through the Western Ghats and ent ...

and Tungabhadra rivers.

Developments

During Ali's reign diplomatic relations with the Mughal Emperor

Akbar Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar (25 October 1542 – 27 October 1605), popularly known as Akbar the Great ( fa, ), and also as Akbar I (), was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605. Akbar succeeded his father, Hum ...

were established and envoys were exchanged.

Succession

In 1579, Ali having no son, appointed his nephew

Ibrahim Ibrahim ( ar, إبراهيم, links=no ') is the Arabic name for Abraham, a Biblical patriarch and prophet in Islam. For the Islamic view of Ibrahim, see Abraham in Islam. Ibrahim may also refer to: * Ibrahim (name), a name (and list of people ...

, son of his brother Tahamasif, as his successor. In the same year, Ali was assassinated by a eunuch,''Tohfut-ul-mujahideen: An Historical Work in the Arabic Language'' By ''Zayn al-Dīn b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al- Malībārī'' (Translated into English by Lt. M.J. Rowlandson) and was buried in Ali Ka Rouza near Sakaf Rouza in

References

* Wakiyate Mamlakate Bijapur by Basheeruddin Dehelvi. * Tareekhe Farishta by Kasim Farishta * External Relation of Bijapur Adil Shahis. {{DEFAULTSORT:Ali Adil Shah I 1579 deaths Sultans of Bijapur Adil Shahi dynasty 16th-century Indian monarchs 1579 in India 1558 in India 16th-century Indian Muslims Year of birth unknown 1558 births Murdered Indian monarchs Converts to Shia Islam from Sunni Islam Critics of Sunni Islam 16th-century murdered monarchs Murder in 1579