Jacques-Victor-Albert, 4th duc de Broglie (; 13 June 182119 January 1901) was a French

monarchist Monarchism is the advocacy of the system of monarchy or monarchical rule. A monarchist is an individual who supports this form of government independently of any specific monarch, whereas one who supports a particular monarch is a royalist. ...

politician, diplomat and writer (of historical works and translations). Broglie twice served as Prime Minister of France, first from May 1873 to May 1874, and again from May to November 1877.

Biography

Albert de Broglie was born in Paris, France, the eldest son of Victor, 3rd duc de Broglie, a liberal statesman of the

July Monarchy The July Monarchy (french: Monarchie de Juillet), officially the Kingdom of France (french: Royaume de France), was a liberal constitutional monarchy in France under , starting on 26 July 1830, with the July Revolution of 1830, and ending 23 F ...

, and

Albertine, baroness Staël von Holstein Hedvig Gustava Albertina, Baroness de Staël-Holstein or simply Albertine (1797–1838), was the daughter of Erik Magnus Staël von Holstein and Madame de Staël, the granddaughter of Jacques Necker and Suzanne Curchod, wife to Victor de Broglie ( ...

, the fourth child of

Madame de Staël Madame may refer to: * Madam, civility title or form of address for women, derived from the French * Madam (prostitution), a term for a woman who is engaged in the business of procuring prostitutes, usually the manager of a brothel * ''Madame'' ...

. He was therefore the great-grandson of

Jacques Necker Jacques Necker (; 30 September 1732 – 9 April 1804) was a Genevan banker and statesman who served as finance minister for Louis XVI. He was a reformer, but his innovations sometimes caused great discontent. Necker was a constitutional monarchi ...

. After a brief diplomatic career at

Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the Largest cities of the Europ ...

and Rome, upon the

revolution of 1848 The Revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the Springtime of the Peoples or the Springtime of Nations, were a series of political upheavals throughout Europe starting in 1848. It remains the most widespread revolutionary wave in Europe ...

Albert de Broglie withdrew from public life and devoted himself to literature. He had already published a translation of the religious system of

Leibniz Gottfried Wilhelm (von) Leibniz . ( – 14 November 1716) was a German polymath active as a mathematician, philosopher, scientist and diplomat. He is one of the most prominent figures in both the history of philosophy and the history of ma ...

(1846). He now at once made his mark by his contributions to the '' Revue des deux mondes'' and the Orleanist and clerical organ '. These, and other contributions, brought him the succession to Lacordaire's seat in the Académie française in 1862, joining his father in this august society. In 1870 he succeeded his father as the 4th

duc de Broglie The House of Broglie (, also ; french: Maison de Broglie, or ) is a French noble family, originally Piedmontese, who migrated to France in the year 1643. History () was the name of an old Piedmontese noble family, from which were descended t ...

, having previously been styled ''prince de Broglie''. In the following year he was elected to the

National Assembly In politics, a national assembly is either a unicameral legislature, the lower house of a bicameral legislature, or both houses of a bicameral legislature together. In the English language it generally means "an assembly composed of the rep ...

for the ''département'' of the Eure, and a few days later (on 19 February) was appointed French Ambassador to

London London is the capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary dow ...

. After his negotiations concerning the commercial treaties between Britain and France were met with criticism he resigned as ambassador in March 1872 and took his seat in the Assembly, where he became the leader of the royalist campaign against President Thiers. When Thiers was replaced by Marshal Mac-Mahon, Broglie was appointed

Prime Minister A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister i ...

and Foreign Minister in May 1873. On 26 November, after the passing of the Septennate, the government was restructured and Broglie exchanged the Foreign with the Interior Ministry. His conservative policies roused the bitter hatred of the Republicans, while his attempts to reach a compromise between the rival claimants to the monarchy alienated both the

Legitimist The Legitimists (french: Légitimistes) are royalists who adhere to the rights of dynastic succession to the French crown of the descendants of the eldest branch of the Bourbon dynasty, which was overthrown in the 1830 July Revolution. They ...

and the

Bonapartists Bonapartism (french: Bonapartisme) is the political ideology supervening from Napoleon Bonaparte and his followers and successors. The term was used to refer to people who hoped to restore the House of Bonaparte and its style of government. In thi ...

. The result was the fall of the cabinet on 16 May 1874. Three years later (on 16 May 1877) he was entrusted with the formation of a new Cabinet, with the object of appealing to the country and securing a conservative majority in the chamber. While the conservatives increased their share of the vote, the election nevertheless confirmed a decisive Republican majority. De Broglie was defeated in his own constituency and resigned on 20 November. Defeated again in 1885, he abandoned politics and reverted to his historical work, publishing a series of historical studies and biographies. He died in Paris on 19 January 1901, aged 79.

1st Ministry (25 May – 26 November 1873)

2nd Ministry (26 November 1873 – 22 May 1874)

3rd Ministry (17 May – 23 November 1877)

Bibliography

De Broglie edited: *The ''Souvenirs'' of his father (1886, etc.) *The ''Mémoires de Talleyrand'' (1891, etc.) *''Letters of the Duchess Albertine de Broglie'' (1896) He published: *' (1878) *''Frédéric II et Marie Thérèse'' (1883) *''Frédéric II et Louis XV'' (1885) *''Marie Thérèse Impératrice'' (1888) *''Le Père Lacordaire'' (1889) *''Maurice de Saxe et le marquis d'Argenson'' (1891) *''La Paix d'Aix-la-Chapelle'' (1892) *''L'Alliance autrichienne'' (1895) *''La Mission de M. de Gontaut-Biron à Berlin'' (1896) *''Voltaire avant et pendant la Guerre de Sept Ans'' (1898) *''Saint Ambroise'' (trans., Margaret Maitland in the series, ''The Saints'') (1899)

Family

On 18 June 1845, styled ''Prince de Broglie'', he married Joséphine-Eléonore-Marie-Pauline de Galard de Brassac de Béarn (1825–1860). They had the following children: * Louis-Alphonse-Victor, 5th duc de Broglie (1846 – 1906) father of the scientist brothers including the 7th Duke, the Nobel Laureate. * Maurice (1848 – 1862) * Henri-Amédée (1849 – 1917) * François-Marie-Albert (1851 – 1939) great-grandfather of the 8th duke, Victor-François, 8th duc de Broglie (1949 – 2012). * César-Paul-Emmanuel (1854 – 1926)

Honours and titles

Duke of France (''succeeded as 4th Duke of Broglie'' 1870) * Legion Honneur Chevalier ribbon

Chevalier,

Légion d'honneur The National Order of the Legion of Honour (french: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour ('), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil. Established in 1802 by Napoleon ...

(1845)

Notes

References

;Attribution *

External links

www.academie-francaise.fr
* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Broglie, Albert, 4th Duc De 1821 births 1901 deaths Politicians from Paris

Albert Albert may refer to: Companies * Albert (supermarket), a supermarket chain in the Czech Republic * Albert Heijn, a supermarket chain in the Netherlands * Albert Market, a street market in The Gambia * Albert Productions, a record label * Alber ...

Orléanists Prime Ministers of France French interior ministers Government ministers of France Members of the National Assembly (1871) French Senators of the Third Republic Senators of Eure Members of the Ligue de la patrie française 19th-century French historians Members of the Académie Française Members of the Académie des sciences morales et politiques Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur