Air Defense, Tactical Air Command (ADTAC) was a Named Unit of the

United States Air Force The United States Air Force (USAF) is the air service branch of the United States Armed Forces, and is one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. Originally created on 1 August 1907, as a part of the United States Army Signal ...

, and operated at the

Numbered Air Force A Numbered Air Force (NAF) is a type of organization in the United States Air Force that is subordinate to a List of Major Commands of the United States Air Force, major command (MAJCOM) and has assigned to it operational units such as wings, squ ...

echelon of

Tactical Air Command Tactical Air Command (TAC) is an inactive United States Air Force organization. It was a Major Command of the United States Air Force, established on 21 March 1946 and headquartered at Langley Air Force Base, Virginia. It was inactivated on 1 J ...

. It was responsible for the air defense of the United States, and was last stationed at

Langley Air Force Base Langley Air Force Base is a United States Air Force base located in Hampton, Virginia, adjacent to Newport News, Virginia, Newport News. It was one of List of airfields of the Training Section of the United States Army Air Service, thirty-two ...

, Virginia. It was last assigned to

, and was inactivated on 6 December 1985. ADTAC was established when the

Aerospace Defense Command Aerospace Defense Command was a major command of the United States Air Force, responsible for continental air defense. It was activated in 1968 and disbanded in 1980. Its predecessor, Air Defense Command, was established in 1946, briefly inac ...

(ADCOM) was inactivated as a Major Command on 1 October 1979. Aerospace Defense Command's atmospheric defense resources (interceptors, warning radars, and associated bases and personnel) were subsequently transferred to ADTAC. The command was, essentially, a transition organization between the Aerospace Defense Command, and the transfer of the air defense mission from the USAF to the

Air National Guard The Air National Guard (ANG), also known as the Air Guard, is a federal military reserve force of the United States Air Force, as well as the air militia of each U.S. state, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the ter ...

in 1990. It consisted of over 25,000 military and civilian personnel performing duty at radar sites, missile warning stations, fighter interceptor bases, satellite tracking centers, and command and control centers throughout the world.Major Maurice C. Eldredge (1985), A Brief history of ADTAC, the first five years.
/ref> The command had the responsibility to provide operationally ready interceptor aircraft and aircrews for air defense alert 24 hours per day, 365 days per year. These assets had to be capable of scrambling to identify and assist or engage unidentified or hostile airborne objects approaching or entering United States airspace without proper approval. These scrambles were initiated from the respective region headquarters based on information derived from radar site data and previously known or expected airborne traffic. During increased states of readiness, these same ADTAC assets would provide additional air defense forces to CINCNORAD to provide early warning information, attack assessment, and air defense of North America. During peacetime operations, the mission of ADTAC was to command, train, manage, and evaluate forces required for the above-mentioned air defense contingencies. In doing so, the tasks of preparing budget proposals, acquiring equipment, and providing support requirements, were essential to providing ready air defense forces.

Components

* Subordinate to the ADTAC headquarters element were six air defense air divisions ( 20th, 21st, 23d, 24th, 25th and 26th),

Air Forces Iceland The 85th Group is an inactive United States Air Force organization. Its last assignment was with United States Air Forces in Europe at Naval Air Station Keflavik, Iceland, assigned as a unit of the 48th Fighter Wing whose home station is at RAF ...

, the

Distant Early Warning Line The Distant Early Warning Line, also known as the DEW Line or Early Warning Line, was a system of radar stations in the northern Arctic region of Canada, with additional stations along the north coast and Aleutian Islands of Alaska (see Proj ...

, and the

Air Defense Weapons Center The Air Defense Weapons Center is an inactive unit of the United States Air Force, last stationed at Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida. It was last assigned to First Air Force, Tactical Air Command, and was inactivated on 12 September 1991 The Ai ...

The six air division commanders also functioned as the

NORAD North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD ), known until March 1981 as the North American Air Defense Command, is a combined organization of the United States and Canada that provides aerospace warning, air sovereignty, and protection ...

region commanders for their particular regions during wartime operations. Each air division had responsibility for a specific area of the country. * Each air division was commanded from a

Semi Automatic Ground Environment The Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) was a system of large computers and associated networking equipment that coordinated data from many radar sites and processed it to produce a single unified image of the airspace over a wide area. S ...

(SAGE) blockhouse, which housed the division's

command and control Command and control (abbr. C2) is a "set of organizational and technical attributes and processes ... hatemploys human, physical, and information resources to solve problems and accomplish missions" to achieve the goals of an organization or en ...

center, plus associated air defense radar and computer hardware. There were 80 Long Range Radars (LRRs) and 21 radar squadrons in the SAGE radar site system. * Subordinate to each air division were assigned fighter interceptor squadrons. The fighter units allocated to ADTAC consisted of seven Air Force and 10 Air National Guard units. The Air Force fighter squadrons were equipped with

F-4 Phantom II The McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II is an American tandem two-seat, twin-engine, all-weather, long-range supersonic jet interceptor and fighter-bomber originally developed by McDonnell Aircraft for the United States Navy.Swanborough and Bow ...

and

F-106 Delta Dart The Convair F-106 Delta Dart was the primary all-weather interceptor aircraft of the United States Air Force from the 1960s through to the 1980s. Designed as the so-called "Ultimate Interceptor", it proved to be the last specialist interceptor i ...

aircraft. The Air National Guard units had the

F-101 Voodoo The McDonnell F-101 Voodoo is a supersonic jet fighter which served the United States Air Force (USAF) and the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF). Initially designed by McDonnell Aircraft Corporation as a long-range bomber escort (known as a ''p ...

, F-4 Phantom II, and the F-106 Delta Dart. * The

provided early warning of attack from a system of 31 radar sites stretching from

Alaska Alaska ( ; russian: Аляска, Alyaska; ale, Alax̂sxax̂; ; ems, Alas'kaaq; Yup'ik: ''Alaskaq''; tli, Anáaski) is a state located in the Western United States on the northwest extremity of North America. A semi-exclave of the U.S., ...

to Greenland. * The

was the primary location for training air defense forces. F-106 and T-33 pilot and instructor pilot training, as well as weapons controller training, was conducted here. Tactics research and development and weapons system evaluation were important aspects of the Weapons Center's mission. * ADTAC also acquired two

Martin EB-57 Canberra The Martin B-57 Canberra is an American-built, twin-engined tactical bomber and reconnaissance aircraft that entered service with the United States Air Force (USAF) in 1953. The B-57 is a license-built version of the British English Electric ...

electronic faker aircraft units, one Air Force and one Air National Guard, each with the mission of providing electronic countermeasure training. By flying simulated target missions to test radar sites, command and control facilities, as well as interceptor aircrew performance, these units provided additional valuable training for strategic air defense forces.

Realignments

HQ ADTAC remained at

Peterson AFB Peterson Space Force Base, previously Peterson Air Force Base, Peterson Field, and Army Air Base, Colorado Springs, is a U.S. Space Force Base that shares an airfield with the adjacent Colorado Springs Municipal Airport and is home to the Nor ...

Colorado Colorado (, other variants) is a state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It encompasses most of the Southern Rocky Mountains, as well as the northeastern portion of the Colorado Plateau and the western edge of t ...

to direct the transition into TAC, which was eventually moved to Langley AFB in July 1981. In essence, Tactical Air Command became the old

Continental Air Command Continental Air Command (ConAC) (1948–1968) was a Major Command of the United States Air Force (USAF) responsible primarily for administering the Air National Guard and Air Force Reserve. During the Korean War, ConAC provided the necessary au ...

(ConAC), of which, TAC and

Air Defense Command Aerospace Defense Command was a major command (military formation), command of the United States Air Force, responsible for continental air defense. It was activated in 1968 and disbanded in 1980. Its predecessor, Air Defense Command, was est ...

were part of during the postwar years. In 1979 there were fewer than 100 long-range aircraft detection radars covering the United States, Alaska, Canada, and Iceland, The old SAGE (Semi Automatic Ground Environment) System with its 1950 vintage computers and radar sites, was being replaced by the JSS (

Joint Surveillance System The Joint Surveillance System (JSS) is a joint United States Air Force and Federal Aviation Administration system for the atmospheric air defense of North America. It replaced the Semi Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) system in 1983. Overvie ...

) in 1983 using modern technology computer technology and joint-use (

Federal Aviation Agency The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is the largest transportation agency of the U.S. government and regulates all aspects of civil aviation in the country as well as over surrounding international waters. Its powers include air traffic m ...

and Air Force) radar sites. The Joint Surveillance System would consist of radars, Regional Operations Control Centers (ROCCs), and communications and support facilities. The ROCCs would be phased in to replace the SAGE blockhouses as command and control centers. The old SAGE system was designed for both peacetime and wartime functions. The JSS/ROCC system was designed primarily for peacetime, or until the tactical situation required transfer of control to an

E-3A The Boeing E-3 Sentry is an American airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) aircraft developed by Boeing. E-3s are commonly known as AWACS (Airborne Warning and Control System). Derived from the Boeing 707 airliner, it provides all-wea ...

Airborne Warning and Control System (AWACS) designated for air defense. The six continental U.S. SAGE centers were to be replaced by four ROCCs. Two additional ROCCs were planned, one by the Canadians for the defense of Canada, and one for Alaska. The 552d Airborne Warning and Control Wing, located at

Tinker AFB Tinker Air Force Base is a major United States Air Force base, with tenant U.S. Navy and other Department of Defense missions, located in Oklahoma County, Oklahoma, surrounded by Del City, Oklahoma City, and Midwest City. The base, originally ...

, Oklahoma, was part of Tactical Air Command and supplied E-3A AWACS aircraft for strategic air defense purposes. Interceptor aircraft transferred to ADTAC during the reorganization consisted of

, and

fighters. The F-101 was the oldest and was possessed by three Air National Guard units, plus the

Tyndall AFB Tyndall Air Force Base is a United States Air Force Base located east of Panama City, Florida. The base was named in honor of World War I pilot 1st Lt. Frank Benjamin Tyndall. The base operating unit and host wing is the 325th Fighter Wing (325 ...

. The F-101s at Tyndall were used mainly as simulated target aircraft employing electronic counter measures (ECM) and for towing targets for testing and training. Due to its age and problems in supporting the F-101, it was soon deleted from the inventory. By the fall of 1982, all F-101s, including those at Tyndall, had been retired; and, except for those at Tyndall, had been replaced by the F-4 Phantom II. The F-4 and F-106 remained in the interceptor inventory. The F-4 was possessed by Air National Guard squadrons and the 57th Fighter Interceptor Squadron in Iceland. The F-106 was possessed by Air Force and Air Guard squadrons. Modification of the F-106 through the years had improved its fire control system in an attempt to keep it up-to-date, but did not update its armament except for the addition of a gun. TAC planned the eventual conversion of all the Air Force F-106 squadrons to the

F-15 Eagle The McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle is an American twin-engine, all-weather tactical fighter aircraft designed by McDonnell Douglas (now part of Boeing). Following reviews of proposals, the United States Air Force selected McDonnell Douglas's ...

and F-4 units to the

F-16 Fighting Falcon The General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon is a single-engine multirole fighter aircraft originally developed by General Dynamics for the United States Air Force (USAF). Designed as an air superiority day fighter, it evolved into a successful ...

Air Defense Fighter (ADF) variant. The two squadrons of

EB-57 Canberra The Martin B-57 Canberra is an American-built, twin-engined tactical bomber and reconnaissance aircraft that entered service with the United States Air Force (USAF) in 1953. The B-57 is a license-built version of the British English Electric C ...

aircraft transferred to ADTAC were retired from the inventory by 1983. These aircraft were previously used for target training missions and electronic countermeasure training. Both active-duty and Air National Guard squadrons under state control were administratively assigned to TAC though their state ANG control for the air defense mission. On 9 December 1985 these ADTAC Air Division units were placed under the newly activated

First Air Force The First Air Force (Air Forces Northern; 1 AF-AFNORTH) is a numbered air force of the United States Air Force Air Combat Command (ACC). It is headquartered at Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida. Its primary mission is the air defense of the Co ...

at Langley AFB, VA, which later moved to

, FL in 1991. This arrangement remained in effect until the last F-106 was retired by the 177th FIG of the

New Jersey Air National Guard The New Jersey Air National Guard (NJ ANG) is the aerial militia of the State of New Jersey, United States of America. It is, along with the New Jersey Army National Guard, an element of the New Jersey National Guard. As state militia units, the ...

and all Regular Air Force and ANG F-101 and F-106 units had transitioned to either the F-4, the F-15 or the F-16. The Air Defense Weapons Center at Tyndall AFB, Florida was reorganized and a new organization was activated, the 325th Fighter Weapons Wing (FWW). The 325th FWW, through its subordinate units, conducted an extensive training program for air defense aircrews and weapons controllers; the USAF Interceptor Weapons School (IWS) trained instructors in all phases of interceptor weapons systems and employment. F-106 training was conducted by the 2d Fighter Interceptor Training Squadron (FITS). This unit was re-designated the 2d Fighter Weapons Squadron (FWS) on 1 February 1982. The 2nd FWS's mission continued to be F-106 training with plans to convert to the F-15 Eagle starting in the fall of 1983. All continental USAF sub-scale and full-scale drone aerial target operations were consolidated in the 82d Tactical Aerial Targets Squadron (TATS). The Weapons Center's drone facilities, proximity to the

Gulf of Mexico The Gulf of Mexico ( es, Golfo de México) is an oceanic basin, ocean basin and a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean, largely surrounded by the North American continent. It is bounded on the northeast, north and northwest by the Gulf Coast of ...

air-to-air gunnery ranges, and experienced personnel, made it compatible with many of TAC's training programs.

Transfer to Air National Guard

The 20th and 21st Air Divisions were inactivated on 1 March and 23 September 1983 and their assets merged into other Air Divisions. On 6 December 1985

was re-activated by TAC and assumed the assets of ADTAC, which was inactivated. * Air Forces Iceland was transferred to

on 6 December 1985

Table of Organization

: see:

for information on the DEW chain of early warning radar stations in Alaska, Canada, Greenland and Iceland. * Headquarters, Air Defense, Tactical Air Command :

Langley AFB Langley Air Force Base is a United States Air Force base located in Hampton, Virginia, adjacent to Newport News. It was one of thirty-two Air Service training camps established after the entry of the United States into World War I in April 19 ...

, Virginia *

20th Air Division The 20th Air Division is an inactive United States Air Force organization. Its last assignment was with Tactical Air Command at Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida where it was inactivated on 1 March 1983. During most of the division's history it ...

/NORAD Region :

Fort Lee AFS Fort Lee Air Force Station is a former United States Air Force station. It is located northwest of Prince George, Virginia. It was closed in 1983 due to budget cuts. History Fort Lee Air Force Station, located on the United States Army For ...

, Virginia :: Interceptor Squadrons: ::: 48th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron (Inactivated 1991), Langley AFB, VA ::: 119th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, NJ ANG, Atlantic City, NJ ::: 159th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, FL ANG, Jacksonville, FL :: Radar Squadrons: ::: 660th Radar Squadron (Inactivated 1980), MacDill AFB, FL :::

671st Radar Squadron The 671st Radar Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to the 20th Air Division, Aerospace Defense Command, stationed at Naval Air Station Key West, Florida. It was last active in 1980. The unit was a Genera ...

(Inactivated 1980), NAS Key West, FL :::

679th Radar Squadron The 679th Radar Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to the 20th Air Division, Aerospace Defense Command, stationed at Naval Air Station Jacksonville, Florida. It was inactivated on 31 July 1981. The unit was ...

(Inactivated 1981), NAS Jacksonville, FL ::: 701st Radar Squadron (Inactivated 1988), Fort Fisher AFS, NC :::

770th Radar Squadron 77 may refer to: * 77 (number) * one of the years 77 BC, AD 77, 1977, 2077 Music * 77 (band), a Spanish hard rock band * 77 (Matt Kennon album), ''77'' (Matt Kennon album) * ''Talking Heads: 77'', debut album by Talking Heads * 77 (Nude Beach albu ...

(Inactivated 1980), Fort George G. Meade, MD ::: 771st Radar Squadron (Inactivated 1981), Cape Charles AFS, VA :::

792d Radar Squadron 79 may refer to: * 79 (number) * one of the years 79 BC, AD 79, 1979, 2079 * ''79 A.D.'', a 1962 historical epic film * Eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79, a catastrophic volcanic eruption in Italy See also

* * List of highways numbered {{Num ...

(Inactivated 1980), North Charleston AFS, SC * 21st Air Division/NORAD Region : Hancock Field, Syracuse, New York :: Interceptor Squadrons: :::

49th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron The 49th Fighter Training Squadron is part of the 14th Flying Training Wing based at Columbus Air Force Base, Mississippi. It operates T-38 Talon aircraft conducting flight training. The squadron was first activated as the 49th Pursuit Squadro ...

(Inactivated 1987), Griffiss AFB, NY ::: 101st Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, MA ANG, Otis AFB, MA ::: 134th Defense Systems Evaluation Squadron, VT ANG, Burlington, VT ::: 136th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, NY ANG, Niagara Falls, NY :: Radar Squadrons: ::: 655th Radar Squadron (Inactivated 1979), Watertown AFS, NY :::

762d Radar Squadron 76 or Seventy-Six may refer to: Common uses * 76 (number) * One of the years 76 BC, AD 76, 1776, 1876, 1976, 2076 Places * Seventy Six, Kentucky * Seventy-Six, Missouri * Seventy-Six Township, Iowa (disambiguation), several places Arts, enter ...

(Inactivated 1984), North Truo AFS, MA ::: 766th Radar Squadron (Inactivated 1980), Carswell AFS, ME ::: 772d Radar Squadron (Inactivated 1984), Gibbsboro AFS, NJ ::: 773d Radar Squadron (Inactivated 1981), Montauk AFS, NY * 23d Air Division/NORAD Region :

Duluth International Airport : ''For the United States Air Force use of this facility, see Duluth Air National Guard Base.'' Duluth International Airport is a city-owned public-use joint civil-military airport located five nautical miles (9 km) northwest of the centra ...

, Minnesota :: Interceptor Squadrons: ::: 87th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron (Inactivated 1985), K.I. Sawyer AFB, MI ::: 171st Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, MI ANG, Selfridge AFB, MI :: Radar Squadrons: ::: 665th Radar Squadron (Inactivated 1988), Calumet AFS, MI ::: 753d Radar Squadron (Inactivated 1979), Sault Sainte Marie AFS, MI ::: 754th Radar Squadron (Inactivated 1988), Port Austin AFS, MI ::: 756th Radar Squadron (Inactivated 1980), Finland AFS, MN * 24th Air Division/NORAD Region :

Malmstrom AFB Malmstrom Air Force Base is a United States Air Force base and census-designated place (CDP) in Cascade County, Montana, United States, adjacent to the city of Great Falls. It was named in honor of World War II POW Colonel Einar Axel Malmstrom. ...

, Montana :: Interceptor Squadrons: ::: 5th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron (Inactivated 1988), Minot AFB, ND :::

17th Defense Systems Evaluation Squadron The 17th Defense Systems Evaluation Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to the 24th Air Division of Aerospace Defense Command at Malmstrom AFB, Montana. It was inactivated on 13 July 1979. The squadron wa ...

(Inactivated 1979), Malmstrom AFB ::: 178th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, ND ANG, Fargo, ND ::: 186th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, MT ANG, Great Falls, MT :: Radar Squadrons: ::: 780th Air Defense Group (Inactivated 1984), Fortuna AFS, ND ::: 785th Radar Squadron (Inactivated 1980), Finley AFS, ND *

25th Air Division The 25th Air Division is an inactive United States Air Force intermediate echelon command and control organization. It was last assigned to First Air Force, Tactical Air Command (ADTAC). It was inactivated on 30 September 1990 at McChord Air ...

/NORAD Region :

McChord AFB McChord Field is a United States Air Force base in the northwest United States, in Pierce County, Washington. South of Tacoma, McChord Field is the home of the 62d Airlift Wing, Air Mobility Command, the field's primary mission being worldwi ...

, Washington :: Interceptor Squadrons: ::: 318th Fighter Interceptor Squadron (Inactivated 1989), McChord AFB, WA ::: 123d Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, OR ANG, Portland, OR :: Radar Squadrons: ::: 758th Radar Squadron (Inactivated 1988), Makah AFS, WA ::: 761st Radar Squadron (Inactivated 1980), North Bend AFS, OR ::: 777th Radar Squadron (Inactivated 1981), Klamath AFS, OR *

26th Air Division The 26th Air Division (26th AD) is an inactive United States Air Force organization. Its last assignment was with Air Defense Tactical Air Command, assigned to First Air Force, being stationed at March Air Force Base, California. It was inacti ...

/NORAD Region :

Luke AFB Luke Air Force Base is a United States Air Force base in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States., effective 20 December 2007 It is located west of the central business district of Glendale, and west of Phoenix. Luke AFB is a major training ...

, Arizona :: Interceptor Squadrons: ::: 84th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron (Inactivated 1981), Castle AFB, CA ::: 111th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, TX ANG, Ellington AFB, TX ::: 194th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, CA ANG, Fresno, CA :: Radar Squadrons: :::

682d Radar Squadron 68 may refer to: * 68 (number) * one of the years 68 BC, AD 68, 1968, 2068 * 68 Publishers, a Czech-Canadian publishing firm * '68 (band), an American rock band * '68 (comic book) a comic book series from Image Comics See also *List of highways n ...

(Inactivated 1980), Almaden AFS, CA ::: 666th Radar Squadron (Inactivated 1980), Mill Valley AFS, CA ::: 751st Radar Squadron (Inactivated 1981), Mount Laguna AFS, CA ::: 775th Radar Squadron (Inactivated 1980), Cambria AFS, CA :::

776th Radar Squadron The 776th Radar Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to the Northeast Air Defense Sector, Air Combat Command, stationed at Bangor Air National Guard Base, Maine, where it was inactivated on 6 September 19 ...

(Inactivated 1980), Port Arena AFS, CA *

: USAF Interceptor Weapon School :

, Florida *

NAS Keflavik Naval Air Station Keflavik (NASKEF) was a United States Navy station at Keflavík International Airport, Iceland, located on the Reykjanes peninsula on the south-west portion of the island. NASKEF was closed on 8 September 2006, and its faciliti ...

, Iceland :: 57th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron ::

667th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron The 667th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to the Air Forces Iceland, stationed at Hofn Air Station, Iceland. It was inactivated on 30 September 1988. From 1951-1988, the uni ...

(Inactivated 1988), Hofn AS ::

932d Air Control Squadron The 932d Air Control Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to the 85th Group, Third Air Force, stationed at Keflavik Air Station, Iceland. It was inactivated on 27 June 2006.Hq, USAFE Special Order GD-29, 22 Ju ...

, Rockville AS

References

*
Combat Squadrons of the Air Force: World War II
'.

Maxwell Air Force Base Maxwell Air Force Base , officially known as Maxwell-Gunter Air Force Base, is a United States Air Force (USAF) installation under the Air Education and Training Command (AETC). The installation is located in Montgomery, Alabama, United States. O ...

, Alabama: Office of Air Force History, 1982.
Cornett, Lloyd H. and Johnson, Mildred W., ''A Handbook of Aerospace Defense Organization 1946 – 1980'', Office of History, Aerospace Defense Center, Peterson AFB, CO (1980).
* Rogers, B. (2006). United States Air Force Unit Designations Since 1978. {{Tactical Air Command Numbered air forces of the United States Air Force Air defense units and formations of the United States Military units and formations established in 1979 Military units and formations disestablished in 1985