Afder Zone
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Afder ( so, Afdheer) is one of the eleven Zones of the
Somali Region The Somali Region ( so, Deegaanka Soomaalida, am, ሱማሌ ክልል, Sumalē Kilil, ar, المنطقة الصومالية), also known as Soomaali Galbeed (''Western Somalia'') and officially the Somali Regional State, is a regional stat ...
of
Ethiopia Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ti, ኢትዮጵያ, Ítiyop'iya, aa, Itiyoppiya officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the ...
. Afder is bordered on the southwest by the
Ganale Dorya River The Ganale Doria River ( so, Webiga Janaale) (also transliterated as Genale Dorya) is a perennial river in southeastern Ethiopia. Rising in the mountains east of Aleta Wendo, the Ganale flows south and east to join with the Dawa at the border wi ...
which separates it from the Liben Zone, on the west by the
Oromia Region Oromia (Amharic: ) ( om, Oromiyaa) is a regional state in Ethiopia and the homeland of the Oromo people. The capital of Oromia is Addis Ababa. It is bordered by the Somali Region to the east; the Amhara Region, the Afar Region and the ...
, on the north by
Nogob Zone Nogob ( so, Nogob), formerly known as Fik, is a zone in Somali Region of Ethiopia. Nogob Zone is bordered on the south by Gode, on the southwest by Afder Zone, on the west and northwest by the Oromia Region, on the north by Fafan, on the east ...
, on the northeast by Shabele Zone, and on south by the
Somalia Somalia, , Osmanya script: 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒖; ar, الصومال, aṣ-Ṣūmāl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constitut ...
federal states of
Hirshabelle Hirshabelle, officially Hirshabelle State of Somalia (Somali: ''Dowlad Goboleedka Hirshabelle ee Soomaaliya''), is a Federal Member State in south-central Somalia. It is bordered by Galmudug state of Somalia to the north, South West State o ...
,
South West The points of the compass are a set of horizontal, radially arrayed compass directions (or azimuths) used in navigation and cartography. A compass rose is primarily composed of four cardinal directions—north, east, south, and west—each sep ...
and
Jubaland Jubaland ( so, Jubbaland, ar, , it, Oltregiuba), the Juba Valley ( so, Dooxada Jubba) or Azania ( so, Asaaniya, ar, ), is a Federal Member State in southern Somalia. Its eastern border lies east of the Jubba River, stretching from Gedo ...
. The administrative center of Afder is Hargele; other towns in Afder include West Imey, and Cherti


Demographics

Based on the 2007 census conducted by the
Central Statistical Agency The Central Statistical Agency (CSA; Amharic: ማዕከላዊ ስታቲስቲክስ ኤጀንሲ) is an agency of the government of Ethiopia designated to provide all surveys and censuses for that country used to monitor economic and social grow ...
of Ethiopia (CSA), the zone had a total population of 570,629, of whom 325,764 were men and 244,865 women. While 45,763 or 8.02% were urban inhabitants, a further 316,032 or 55.38% were pastoralists. The
Somali language Somali (Latin script: ; Wadaad: ; Osmanya: 𐒖𐒍 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘 ) is an Afroasiatic language belonging to the Cushitic branch. It is spoken as a mother tongue by Somalis in Greater Somalia and the Somali diaspora. Somali is an ...
was spoken as a first language by 88.21%; the remaining 11.79% spoke all other primary languages reported. 100% of the population said they were
Muslim Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...
. The 1997 national census reported a total population for the zone of 358,998 in 53,075 households, of whom 200,948 were men and 158,050 were women; 25,747 or 7.17% of its population were urban dwellers. (This total also includes an estimate for the inhabitants of nine rural ''
kebele A ward ( am, ቀበሌ; om, Araddaa; ) is the smallest administrative unit of Ethiopia: a ward, a neighbourhood or a localized and delimited group of people. It is part of a district, itself usually part of a zone, which in turn are grouped into ...
s'', which were not counted; they were estimated to have 6,526 inhabitants, of whom 3,222 were men and 3,304 women.) The two largest ethnic groups reported in Afder were the
Somali Somali may refer to: Horn of Africa * Somalis, an inhabitant or ethnicity associated with Greater Somali Region ** Proto-Somali, the ancestors of modern Somalis ** Somali culture ** Somali cuisine ** Somali language, a Cushitic language ** Somali ...
who made up 96.3% of the population and the Oromo (1.29%); all other ethnic groups made up 2.5% of the population. Somali was spoken as a first language by 93.23% of the inhabitants, and Garire by 2.16%; the remaining 4.61% spoke all other primary languages reported. Concerning
education Education is a purposeful activity directed at achieving certain aims, such as transmitting knowledge or fostering skills and character traits. These aims may include the development of understanding, rationality, kindness, and honesty ...
in the zone, 3.43% of the population were considered literate; 0.57% of children aged 7–12 were in primary school, while a negligible number of the children aged 13–14 were in junior secondary school, and none of children aged 15–18 were in senior secondary school. About 24.2% of the urban houses and 6.7% of all houses had access to safe
drinking water Drinking water is water that is used in drink or food preparation; potable water is water that is safe to be used as drinking water. The amount of drinking water required to maintain good health varies, and depends on physical activity level, ...
at the time of the census; about 23% of the urban and 4.3% of the total had toilet facilities.


Development

According to a May 24, 2004,
World Bank The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the governments of low- and middle-income countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects. The World Bank is the collective name for the Inte ...
memorandum, none of the inhabitants of Afder had access to electricity, the zone has a road density of 8.3 kilometers per 1,000 square kilometers, the average rural household had 0.6 hectare of land (compared to the national average of 1.01 hectare of land and an average of 2.25 for pastoral regions) and the equivalent of 3.1 head of livestock. 28.2% of the population was in non-farm related jobs, compared to the national average of 25% and an average of 28% for pastoral regions. Only 12% of eligible children are enrolled in primary school and none in secondary schools. 100% of the zone was exposed to
malaria Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects humans and other animals. Malaria causes symptoms that typically include fever, tiredness, vomiting, and headaches. In severe cases, it can cause jaundice, seizures, coma, or death. ...
and none to
Tsetse fly Tsetse ( , or ) (sometimes spelled tzetze; also known as tik-tik flies), are large, biting flies that inhabit much of tropical Africa. Tsetse flies include all the species in the genus ''Glossina'', which are placed in their own family, Glos ...
. The memorandum gave this zone a drought risk rating of 660. In April 2006, in partnership with Al-Nejah Relief,
CHF International Global Communities is a global development organization that has grown to reach over 35 countries per year. The non-profit organization was founded in 1952 as the Cooperative Housing Foundation and provided affordable housing for low-income families ...
began a program to restore shallow wells and improve sanitation habits in the Afder and Gode zones of the Somali region.


Agriculture

On 5–23 November 2003, the CSA conducted the first ever national agricultural census, of which the livestock census was an important component."Livestock aerial survey in the Somali Region"
, CSA (November 2003), Tables 4, 6 (accessed 17 May 2009) For the Somali region, the CSA generated estimated figures for the livestock population (cattle, sheep, goats, camels and equids) and their distribution by commissioning an aerial survey. For the Afder zone, its results included:


Notes

{{Districts of the Somali Region Somali Region Zones of Ethiopia