An adversary is generally considered to be a person, group, or force that opposes and/or attacks. Adversary may also refer to: *

Satan Satan, also known as the Devil, is a devilish entity in Abrahamic religions who seduces humans into sin (or falsehood). In Judaism, Satan is seen as an agent subservient to God, typically regarded as a metaphor for the '' yetzer hara'', or ' ...

("adversary" in Hebrew), in Abrahamic religions

Entertainment

Fiction

Adversary (comics) The Adversary is a demonic supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Publication history The Adversary first appeared in ''Uncanny X-Men'' #188 (December 1984), and was created by Chris Claremont and John Romita J ...

, villain from the Marvel comics universe * The mysterious antagonist who invaded the homelands in the comic book series ''

Fables Fable is a literary genre defined as a succinct fictional story, in prose or verse (poetry), verse, that features animals, legendary creatures, plants, inanimate objects, or forces of nature that are Anthropomorphism, anthropomorphized, and that ...

Music

Ad·ver·sary Ad·ver·sary is an industrial music project fronted by Jairus Khan, based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. History In 2005, after working as a DJ, Khan released his first EP, ''Cyanotic vs Ad·ver·sary - Music For Jerks'', as Ad·ver·sary. He l ...

, Canadian industrial musician

Law

Adversarial system The adversarial system (also adversary system, accusatorial system, or accusatory system) is a legal system used in the common law countries where two advocates represent their parties' case or position before an impartial person or group of peopl ...

, a system of law commonly used in common-law countries *

Adversary proceeding An adversary proceeding in bankruptcy is a type of lawsuit in the American legal system. It is distinguished from other suits by being filed in a United States bankruptcy court in connection with a larger bankruptcy proceeding. Procedure Advers ...

, proceeding used in bankruptcy processes

Science

Adversarial collaboration In science, adversarial collaboration is a modality of collaboration wherein opposing views work together in order to jointly advance knowledge of the area under dispute. This can take the form of a scientific experiment conducted by two groups of ...

, a scientific experiment

Computer science

Adversary (cryptography) In cryptography, an adversary (rarely opponent, enemy) is an entity whose aim is to prevent the users of the cryptosystem from achieving their goal (primarily privacy, integrity, and availability of data), often with malicious intent. An adversary ...

, a malicious entity in cryptography whose aim is to prevent the users of the cryptosystem from achieving their goal *

Adversary model In computer science, an online algorithm measures its competitiveness against different adversary models. For deterministic algorithms, the adversary is the same as the adaptive offline adversary. For randomized online algorithms competitiveness can ...

, in online algorithms, used to show competitiveness of randomized algorithms *

Adversarial alignment In the field of artificial intelligence (AI), alignment aims to steer AI systems toward a person's or group's intended goals, preferences, or ethical principles. An AI system is considered ''aligned'' if it advances the intended objectives. A '' ...

, when an adversarial users constructs inputs that bypass AI alignment

Other

Adversarial purchasing An adversarial relationship in purchasing and supply arises when identical or equivalent good or services are available from competing suppliers and buyers/sellers are trying to gain an advantage over each other. Low levels of trust are characterist ...

, in business strategic management