Abū Bakr ibn Muḥammad ( ar, أبو بكر بن محمد), reigned 1525–1526, was a
sultan
Sultan (; ar, سلطان ', ) is a position with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", derived from the verbal noun ', meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it ...
of the
Sultanate of Adal
The Adal Sultanate, or the Adal Empire or the ʿAdal or the Bar Saʿad dīn (alt. spelling ''Adel Sultanate, ''Adal ''Sultanate'') () was a medieval Sunni Muslim Empire which was located in the Horn of Africa. It was founded by Sabr ad-Din II ...
in the
Horn of Africa
The Horn of Africa (HoA), also known as the Somali Peninsula, is a large peninsula and geopolitical region in East Africa.Robert Stock, ''Africa South of the Sahara, Second Edition: A Geographical Interpretation'', (The Guilford Press; 2004), ...
. The historian
Richard Pankhurst
Richard Marsden Pankhurst (1834 – 5 July 1898) was an English barrister and socialist who was a strong supporter of women's rights.
Early life
Richard Pankhurst was the son of Henry Francis Pankhurst (1806–1873) and Margaret Marsden (180 ...
credits Abu Bakr with founding the city of
Harar
Harar ( amh, ሐረር; Harari: ሀረር; om, Adare Biyyo; so, Herer; ar, هرر) known historically by the indigenous as Gey (Harari: ጌይ ''Gēy'', ) is a walled city in eastern Ethiopia. It is also known in Arabic as the City of Saint ...
, which he made his military headquarters in 1520.
Reign
Abu Bakr organized Somali troops, then attacked sultan
Garad Abun Adashe
''Garad'' Abun Adashe ( Harari: አቦኝ አደሼ) was a Harari Emir of the Adal Sultanate.
Reign
Garad Abun Adashe ruled from 1519 to 1525 and led a campaign against the Walashma dynasty. Adashe campaigned against Sultan Abu Bakr ibn Muhamme ...
and killed him, making himself sultan. However, his control over Adal was disputed by
Imam
Imam (; ar, إمام '; plural: ') is an Islamic leadership position. For Sunni Muslims, Imam is most commonly used as the title of a worship leader of a mosque. In this context, imams may lead Islamic worship services, lead prayers, ser ...
Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi
Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi ( so, Axmed Ibraahim al-Qaasi or Axmed Gurey, Harari: አሕመድ ኢብራሂም አል-ጋዚ, ar, أحمد بن إبراهيم الغازي ; 1506 – 21 February 1543) was an imam and general of the Adal Sultana ...
, who eventually defeated Abu Bakr and killed him. The Imam then made Abu Bakr's younger brother,
Umar Din
ʿUmar Dīn ( ar, عمر الدين), reigned 1526–1553, was a sultan ruling over the Sultanate of Adal in the Horn of Africa. He was the younger brother of Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad.
Reign
After his brother Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad was killed by Imam ...
, the new sultan, although the latter only reigned as a
puppet king
A puppet monarch is a majority figurehead who is installed or patronized by an imperial power to provide the appearance of local authority but to allow political and economic control to remain among the dominating nation.
A figurehead monarch ...
.
[; cf. .]
See also
*
Walashmaʿ dynasty
The Walashma dynasty was a medieval Muslim dynasty of the Horn of Africa. Founded in 1285, it was centered in Zeila, and established bases around the Horn of Africa. It governed the Ifat and Adal Sultanates in what are present-day Somaliland, ...
*
Siege of Hubat
The siege of Hubat was a military campaign carried out by Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad, sultan of Adal Sultanate, against the Hubat principality.
The siege lasted more than a week in which Hubat leader Garad Umar Din would lose his life, resulting in a ...
Notes
Works cited
*
*
Year of birth unknown
1526 deaths
16th-century monarchs in Africa
Sultans of the Adal Sultanate
16th-century Somalian people
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