The Aydinids or Aydinid dynasty (
Modern Turkish
Turkish ( , ), also referred to as Turkish of Turkey (''Türkiye Türkçesi''), is the most widely spoken of the Turkic languages, with around 80 to 90 million speakers. It is the national language of Turkey and Northern Cyprus. Significant smal ...
: ''Aydınoğulları'', ''Aydınoğulları Beyliği'', ota, آیدین اوغوللاری بیلیغی), also known as the Principality of Aydin and Beylik of Aydin (), was one of the
Anatolian beyliks and famous for its seaborne raiding.
Name
It is named after its founder Aydın Mehmed Bey.
Capital
Its capital was at first in
Birgi, and later in Ayasoluk (present day
Selçuk), was one of the frontier principalities established in the 14th century by
Oghuz Turks after the decline of
Sultanate of Rûm.
History
The Aydinids also held parts of the port of Smyrna (modern
İzmir
İzmir ( , ; ), also spelled Izmir, is a metropolitan city in the western extremity of Anatolia, capital of the province of the same name. It is the third most populous city in Turkey, after Istanbul and Ankara and the second largest urban aggl ...
) all through their rule and all of the port city with intervals. Especially during the reign of
Umur Bey, the sons of Aydın were a significant naval power of the time.
The naval power of Aydin played a crucial role in the
Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347
The Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347, sometimes referred to as the Second Palaiologan Civil War, was a conflict that broke out in the Byzantine Empire after the death of Andronikos III Palaiologos over the guardianship of his nine-year-old so ...
, where Umur allied with
John VI Kantakouzenos
John VI Kantakouzenos or Cantacuzene ( el, , ''Iōánnēs Ángelos Palaiológos Kantakouzēnós''; la, Johannes Cantacuzenus; – 15 June 1383) was a Byzantine Greek nobleman, statesman, and general. He served as grand domestic under ...
, but also provoked a Latin response in the form of the
Smyrniote crusades, that captured Smyrna from the beylik.
The Beylik was incorporated into the
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
for the first time in 1390, and after the passage of
Tamerlane
Timur ; chg, ''Aqsaq Temür'', 'Timur the Lame') or as ''Sahib-i-Qiran'' ( 'Lord of the Auspicious Conjunction'), his epithet. ( chg, ''Temür'', 'Iron'; 9 April 133617–19 February 1405), later Timūr Gurkānī ( chg, ''Temür Kür ...
in Anatolia in 1402 and the ensuing period of troubles that lasted until 1425, its territories became again part of the Ottoman realm, this time definitively.
Architecture
The
Bey
Bey ( ota, بك, beğ, script=Arab, tr, bey, az, bəy, tk, beg, uz, бек, kz, би/бек, tt-Cyrl, бәк, translit=bäk, cjs, пий/пек, sq, beu/bej, sh, beg, fa, بیگ, beyg/, tg, бек, ar, بك, bak, gr, μπέης) is ...
s of Aydin left important architectural works, principally in
Birgi and Ayasoluk (
Selçuk), their capital cities.
Legacy
The city of
Aydın (ancient Tralles) was named after the dynasty.
List of rulers
#Muharizalsîn Gazi Mehmed Bey (1308–1334)
[C.E. Bosworth, ''The New Islamic Dynasties'', (Columbia University Press, 1996), 221.]
#
Umur Bey (1334–1348)
#Khidr b. Mehmed (1348–1360)
#
Isa b. Mehmed (1360–1390)
* Ottoman rule (1390–1402)
#İsaoğlu Musa Bey (1402–1403)
#Musaoğlu II. Umur Bey (1403–1405)
#
İzmiroğlu Cüneyd Bey (1405–1426)
See also
*
İsa Bey Mosque
The İsa Bey Mosque ( tr, İsa Bey Camii), constructed in 1374–75, is one of the oldest and most impressive works of architectural art remaining from the Anatolian beyliks. The mosque is situated on the outskirts of the Ayasluğ Hills at Sel ...
*
Anatolian beyliks
*
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
*
List of Sunni Muslim dynasties
*
Umur the Lion
*
Cüneyt Bey of Aydın Cüneyt () is the Turkish spelling of Arabic masculine given name Junayd (Arabic: جُنَيْد ''junayd'') meaning "soldier, warrior".
People named Cüneyt include:
* Cüneyt Arkın, Turkish film actor
* Cüneyt Bey of Aydın, Turkish bey
* ...
References
Bibliography
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Aydinids
History of İzmir Province
History of Aydın Province